Cross Compile Hacks Andy Huang 0423

5/28/2018 Cross Compile Hacks Andy Huang 0423

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Jan. 2012

Cross Compile HacksJNR322 Andy Huang

2013/04/24


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Outline

Why we need cross compile

How to install a package on linux distribution

How to build your own package

Some important flags

Just do configure

Some tricks

autobuild

Reference data


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3Confidential Material for Internal Use Only



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Confidential Material for Internal Use Only


Native compile Cross compile

Native compiler

a compiler running and final binary execution on the same architecture

Cross compiler

A cross-compiler is one that compiles binaries for architectures other thanits own


5/435Confidential Material for Internal Use Only

How to install a package on linux distribution



How to install a package

Do not consider librarydependency

apt-get/yum install

You need to take care librarydependency

Build from source




X86

configure make makeinstall




Embedded system

You need to take care the library dependency by yourself

Downloadsource

Checkdependency

configure make make install




Understand your config help file content

Configuration

Installation directories

System types

Optional Features

Optional Packages

Some influential environment variables




configuration

Configuration:

-h, --help display this help and exit

--help=short display options specific to this package

--help=recursive display the short help of all the included packages

-V, --version display version information and exit-q, --quiet, --silent do not print `checking ...' messages

--cache-file=FILE cache test results in FILE [disabled]

-C, --config-cache alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'

-n, --no-create do not create output files

--srcdir=DIR find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..']




Installation directories

--prefix=PREFIX install architecture-independent files in PREFIX

[/usr/local]

--exec-prefix=EPREFIX install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX

[PREFIX]

For better control, use the options below.

Fine tuning of the installation directories:--bindir=DIR user executables [EPREFIX/bin]--sbindir=DIR system admin executables [EPREFIX/sbin]

--libexecdir=DIR program executables [EPREFIX/libexec]--sysconfdir=DIR read-only single-machine data [PREFIX/etc]




System types

System types:

--build=BUILD configure for building on BUILD [guessed]

--host=HOST cross-compile to build programs to run on HOST [BUILD]

The environment your build code

Let configure to take care--buildThe system onwhich the tools will run is called the host system--host

The system forwhich the tools generate code is called the target system--target

--host=arm-elf-linux or arm-elf

buildhosttarget




Optional Features

--disable-option-checking ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options

--disable-FEATURE do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-

FEATURE=no)

--enable-FEATURE[=ARG] include FEATURE [ARG=yes]

--disable-largefile omit support for large files--disable-protochain disable \"protochain\" insn

--enable-ipv6 build IPv6-capable version [default=yes, if

getaddrinfo available]

--enable-optimizer-dbg build optimizer debugging code

Turn on/off some package internal features




Optional Packages

--with-PACKAGE[=ARG] use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]

--without-PACKAGE do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)

--without-gcc don't use gcc

--with-sita include SITA support

--with-pcap=TYPE use packet capture TYPE--without-libnl disable libnl support [default=yes, on Linux, if

present]

--with-dag[=DIR] include Endace DAG support ["yes", "no" or DIR;

default="yes" on BSD and Linux if present]

--with-dag-includes=DIR Endace DAG include directory

--with-dag-libraries=DIR

Check package library dependency here


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influential environment variables

CC C compiler command

CFLAGS C compiler flags

LDFLAGS linker flags, e.g. -L if you have libraries in a

nonstandard directory

LIBS libraries to pass to the linker, e.g. -lCPPFLAGS (Objective) C/C++ preprocessor flags, e.g. -I if

you have headers in a nonstandard directory

CPP C preprocessor

PKG_CONFIG path to pkg-config utility

PKG_CONFIG_PATH

directories to add to pkg-config's search pathPKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR

path overriding pkg-config's built-in search path

GLIB_CFLAGS C compiler flags for GLIB, overriding pkg-config

GLIB_LIBS linker flags for GLIB, overriding pkg-config


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CPP - preprocessor

Delete all the #define , and extend all the macro define

process all the condition command , #if , #ifdef , #elif , #else , #endif

process #include command

delete all the comment code , // and /* */

#define __JNR__ is the same as -D__JNR__ CPPFLAGS

-I , to let compiler find the headers

LDFAGS

-L , to let compiler find the library


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LIBS

-l , to pass the reference lib name to the compiler

-lz --> compiler will find libz.xxto link

CFLAGS

pass some optional arguments to compiler

-g

-O

-Wall

CXX - C++ compiler command

Do not confuse with CPP


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PKG_CONFIG

let compiler find the dependency library automatically

pkg-config and xxx.pc (package config)

cat /usr/lib/pkgconfig/openssl.pc

prefix=/usr

exec_prefix=${prefix}

libdir=${exec_prefix}/libincludedir=${prefix}/include

Name: OpenSSL

Description: Secure Sockets Layer and

cryptography libraries and toolsVersion: 0.9.8o

Requires:

Libs: -L${libdir} -lssl -lcrypto

Libs.private: -ldl -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -lz

Cflags: -I${includedir}


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PKG_CONFIG

pkg-config --version ./openssl.pc

pkg-config --libs ./openssl.pc

pkg-config --cflags ./openssl.pc

Before you compile export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/xxx/xxx/lib/pkgconfig

avoid Makefile to eat your x86 xxx.pc


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Just do configure


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Just do configure

libpcap + arp-scan (ARP scanning and fingerprinting tool)

libpcap configure arguments

configure , make , make install

RANLIB="/opt/arago/bin/arm-arago-linux-gnueabi-ranlib" \CXX="/opt/arago/bin/arm-arago-linux-gnueabi-g++" \CC="/opt/arago/bin/arm-arago-linux-gnueabi-gcc" \./configure --host=mips-elf-linux \

--prefix=/home/andy/ti-sdk-am335x-evm-05.04.01.00/fakeroot \

--disable-ipv6 \--disable-universal \--disable-can \

--disable-canusb \--disable-bluetooth \--with-pcap=linux


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Just do configure

libpcap + arp-scan (ARP scanning and fingerprinting tool)

arp-scan configure arguments

RANLIB="/opt/arago/bin/arm-arago-linux-gnueabi-ranlib" \

CXX="/opt/arago/bin/arm-arago-linux-gnueabi-g++" \CC="/opt/arago/bin/arm-arago-linux-gnueabi-gcc" \./configure --host=mips-elf-linux \

--prefix=/home/andy/ti-sdk-am335x-evm-05.04.01.00/fakeroot


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Just do configure

Can not find xxx library ( RUN.1st)

check your library path or dependency

PKG_CONFIG_PATH libpcap did not provide libpcap.pc

CPPFLAGS=" -I/home/andy/ti-sdk-am335x-evm -05.04.01.00/fakero ot /incl ud e -

I/home/andy /t i-sdk-am335x-evm -05.04.01.00/fakeroo t/ inclu de/pcap"

LDFLAGS=" -L/home/andy/t i-sdk-am335x-evm -05.04.01.00/fakeroo t/ l ib"

LIBS="- lpcap"


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Just do configure

Can not run test ( cannot run test program while crosscompiling ) - RUN.2nd

check config.log (line 448) and trace configure file (line 5750)

pre-fill the answer which configure want to check

get the answer from x86

Run RUN.3rd again

--cache-fi le=arm-l inux.cache

pgac_cv_snpr intf_ long_long_int_format=%lld


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Just do configure

Check your final binary file

file arp-scan

arp-scan: ELF 32-bit LSB executable,ARM, version 1 (SYSV),dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.16, not stripped


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Some tricks


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Some tricks

Record your configure parameters

RUN file

Collect the same platform libraries together

prefix

Fix the configure issue when cross-compile

cache-file

Help you to debug

config.log

Understand your package

config.help


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Some tricks

CONFIG_SITE

set default values for configure scripts to share

Put your default environment values like

CC

LD

RANLIB

cache_file

prefix

host

CONFIG_SITE=/your/file/path

libpcap demo


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Some tricks

Prefix side effect

conf and binary file will be fixed to your prefix path

prefix = /home/andy/ti-sdk-am335x-evm-05.04.01.00/fakerootprogram_transform_name = s,x,x,psdir = ${docdir}sbindir = ${exec_prefix}/sbinsharedstatedir = ${prefix}/comsrcdir = .sysconfdir = ${prefix}/etctarget_alias =

top_builddir = .top_srcdir = .


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Some tricks

Prefix side effect solution

Fine tune configure argument

--bindir=DIR user executables [EPREFIX/bin]--sbindir=DIR system admin executables [EPREFIX/sbin]--libexecdir=DIR program executables [EPREFIX/libexec]

--sysconfdir=DIR read-only single-machine data [PREFIX/etc]


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autobuild

t b ild


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autobuild

autoconf

Generate configuration scripts

automake

Generate Makefile.in for configure from Makefile.am

aclocal

Generate `aclocal.m4' by scanning `configure.ac' or `configure.in'

libtool

Provide some scripts to generate static/shared libraries

t b ild t 0


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autobuild step 0

Hello.c

#include

int main(){printf("hello\n");return 0;

}

t b ild t 1


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autobuild step 1

autoscan

cp configure.scan configure.ac

edit configure.acAC_PREREQ([2.67])AC_INIT([FULL-PACKAGE-NAME], [VERSION],[BUG-REPORT-ADDRESS])

AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([hello.c])AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h])

# Checks for programs.AC_PROG_CC

# Checks for libraries.

# Checks for header files.

# Checks for typedefs, structures, and compilercharacteristics.

# Checks for library functions.

AC_OUTPUT

AC_PREREQ([2.67])AC_INIT(hello, 0.1, [email protected])AM_INIT_AUTOMAKEAC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([hello.c])

#AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h])

# Checks for programs.AC_PROG_CCAC_CONFIG_FILES(Makefile)# Checks for libraries.

# Checks for header files.

# Checks for typedefs, structures, and compilercharacteristics.

# Checks for library functions.

AC_OUTPUT

t b ild t 2
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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autobuild step 2

Create Makefile.am

bin_PROGRAMS=hellohello_SOURCES=hello.c

t b ild t 3


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autobuild step 3

aclocal

autoconf

Generate configure file

automake a

Required file : NEWS README AUTHORS ChangeLog

./configure

make

t b ild t 4


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autobuild step 4

make distcheck

Pack your source into hello-0.1.tar.gz

RELEASE !!!!


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Reference data

Reference data


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Reference data

Books

-

GCC

GNU Make

Homework


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Homework

Zlib

Curl


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Cross Compile Hacks Andy Huang 0423

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