Crime Prevention Part II Crime Prevention TRENDS ©TCLEOSE Course #2102 Crime Prevention Curriculum...

Crime Prevention Part IICrime Prevention Part II

Crime Prevention Crime Prevention TRENDSTRENDS

©TCLEOSE Course #2102 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part II is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)

Institute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice Studies

Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

• Learning Objective: The student will be able to explain past trends and identify and explain current trends in crime and prevention

• Learning Objective: The student will be able to identify and explain the five major, emerging trends and challenges over the next 20 years

• Learning Objective: The student will be able to explain ways to meet these challenges

• Learning Objective: The student will be able to explain how he/she can use crime prevention as a strong foundation

• Learning Objective: The student will be able to identify and explain ways to move forward


Why Pay Attention to Trends?Why Pay Attention to Trends?

TrendsTrends change our lives.

A “TREND” is a line of general direction or movement, current style or prevailing tendency or inclination.


How would you have called for emergency road service?

Today?

How could you get cash out of your bank in a strange city at 1:00 am?

Today?

In 1989 How would you:In 1989 How would you:


In 1989 How would you:In 1989 How would you:Continued

How big was a high-quality personal music player?

Today?

How bulky were televisions?

Today?

Crime Prevention ImplicationsCrime Prevention Implications

Some crime prevention implications:Some crime prevention implications:

Cell phones:

ATM:

Lightweight TVS:

I-pods:


Other Recent TrendsOther Recent TrendsOn-line banking

Cyberbullying

Identity theft

Local terrorism


Understanding Crime Understanding Crime Trends Helps Us…Trends Helps Us…

Anticipate prevention needs

Learn from the past

Reap the benefits

Serve as effective advocates


Where Are We Now?Where Are We Now?

Geography no longer governs community. The physical neighborhood around one’s residence is only part of community.

People now operate in many different communities that overlap only slightly if at all.


Work

Home

Extended family

Shopping

Recreation

Here are some of these Here are some of these CommunitiesCommunities


Faith

Professional associations

Special interests (hobbies, civic, fraternal, etc.)

Here are some of these Here are some of these CommunitiesCommunities – continued:continued:


Crime Trends andCrime Trends andHow We Count CrimeHow We Count Crime

Counting crime helps us track our progress. At the national level, there are currently two systems.

National Crime Victimization Survey

FBI Uniform Crime Reportswww.fbi.gov

Crime Trends andCrime Trends andHow We Count Crime (cont.)How We Count Crime (cont.)Two emerging systemssystems will lead to more detailed and localized data:

FBI National Incident-BasedIncident-Based Reporting System

Local Crime VictimizationVictimization Surveys


Current Crime TrendsCurrent Crime TrendsIn 2008, U.S. residents (12 years and older) experienced 23 million violent and property crimes -- an estimated 18 million18 million property crimes (burglary, motor vehicle theft, and theft) and 5.2 million violent crimes (rape, robbery, aggravated and simple assault, and homicide).


Current Crime Trends (cont.)

Personal and household victimizations are at 32-year32-year lows, according to 2008 National Crime Victimization Survey data.

Source - BJS - National Crime Victimization Survey (Criminal Victimization, 2007)

FBI Uniform Crime Report data for 2008 show a 2.4 percent increase in reported violent violent crime compared with 2007. PropertyProperty crimes decreased by 1.8 percent in the same period.Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation 2007

Current Crime Trends (cont.)

In 2008, 49 percent of violent crimes and 43 percent43 percent of property crimes were reported to police, a substantial increasesubstantial increase from the 35 percent to 40 percent reporting levels in the late 1970s.

Source – BJS, National Crime Victimization Survey (Criminal Victimization 2008)


Current Crime and Prevention Current Crime and Prevention IssuesIssues

MethMethamphetamine, identity identity thefttheft, fraudfraud against seniors, gangsgangs, and homeland securityhomeland security are among the hot issues nationwide.

Many residents feel that serious crimecrime occurs only in isolated areas within their communities.

Current Crime Prevention Issues (cont.)

Computers as tools of personal and economiceconomic crime are a well-established fact.

Information brokering is a newnew criminal activitycriminal activity.


Current Crime Prevention Issues (cont.)

Emphasis on fact-basedfact-based, research-based programming is becoming a standard.

PressurePressure to demonstrate program outcomes – not how much was done but what has changed because of it – is increasingly prevalent at national, state, and local levels.

LESSON’s Learned!LESSON’s Learned!


Current Crime Prevention Issues (cont.)Current Crime Prevention Issues (cont.)

Federal and state shifting of financialfinancial burdens to localities have reduce crime prevention resources.

New toolstools to help crime prevention

Current Current ECONOMICSECONOMICS!!


PurportedlyPurportedlyPresidentPresident

ObamaObamaHasHas

PledgedPledged300 Billion300 Billion

ToToLaw EnforcementLaw Enforcement

AndAndCrime PreventionCrime Prevention

2009-20102009-2010

What Is the Outlook for the What Is the Outlook for the Future?Future?

Five major predictionsFive major predictions

1.The United States is significantly more diversemore diverse.

2.Communications technology is evolving dramatically.


3. Data technologytechnology is expanding dramatically.

4.4. PeoplePeople live longer live longer, are more active longer.

5. The need to educateeducate each new wave of children, adolescents, and adults continues.

Five major predictions - continued


U.S. Demographics and DiversityU.S. Demographics and DiversityPredictionsPredictions

The United States is becoming more more diversediverse.

Estimates are that by 2050, people of color (predominantly African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos) will comprise nearly a majority of the U.S. population.


2008% of TOTALTOTAL 100.0White alone 64Black alone 13Asian alone 4All other races 3Hispanic 16

* Includes American Indian and Alaska Native alone, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, and Two or More RacesSource: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004, "U.S. Interim Projections by Age, Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin,“

www.census.gov/ipc/www/usinterimproj/>

THIS DOES NOTINCLUDE

UNDOCUMENTEDALIENS

2030% of TOTALTOTAL 100.0White alone 54Black alone 15Asian alone 6All other races 4Hispanic 2121

THIS DOES NOTINCLUDE

UNDOCUMENTEDALIENS

U.S. Demographics and U.S. Demographics and Diversity ChallengesDiversity Challenges

We will have more diverse languageslanguages, culturescultures, normsnorms, issues of personal and group behaviors, and ideas of lawful behavior and activity.


Laws and enforcement of the laws we have in place may conflict with the customsconflict with the customs and experiences of diverse populations.

One size will not fit all in crime prevention.

U.S. Demographics and U.S. Demographics and Diversity Challenges – cont’dDiversity Challenges – cont’d


U.S. Demographics and Diversity RecommendationsRecommendations

Develop ways to explain legal and enforcement systems so they can be understood by diverse populations.

How could this impact adversely How could this impact adversely on Crime Prevention? on Crime Prevention?


Develop crime preventioncrime prevention strategies to reach widely different populations in languages and frameworks that meet their needs.

Find and build bridgesbridges between law enforcement and various cultural groups.

Diversity Recommendations – Cont’d


CommunicationsCommunications TechnologyTechnology PredictionsPredictions

CommunicationsCommunications

Youth of todayYouth of today

TechnologyTechnology


Communications ChallengesCommunications Challenges

Communication Intentions

Links and NetworksNetworks between criminals

Technology

LE Technical, legal legal administrative barriers


Communications Technology Communications Technology RecommendationsRecommendations

Develop strategiesstrategies that help youth

Identify potential hazardspotential hazards and teach youthyouth, adults, and seniors how to protect themselves.


Data TechnologyData TechnologyPredictionsPredictions

More information will be concentrated in more places.

More links will be established across informationinformation sources.

More economiceconomic resources will be electronically accessible.

Data TechnologyPredictions (cont.)

LessLess direct personal contactpersonal contact in business, and finance

Technological race between criminalscriminals and law enforcementlaw enforcement

Every computercomputer user – home or workplace needs to be kept informed of latest safeguards


Data Technology ChallengesData Technology Challenges

Innovations will expand Innovations will expand exponential memory growth exponential memory growth every 6-montsevery 6-monts

Added opportunities for Added opportunities for criminalscriminals

Generations (Huge GAP)Generations (Huge GAP)


Data Technology Data Technology RecommendationsRecommendations

Think & tailor approaches

Educate people

Encourage industry safeguards


Older PopulationsOlder PopulationsPredictionsPredictions

People will live longerlonger

Larger population of olderolder people

People will be productiveproductive into older ages

Individual retirees©TCLEOSE Course #2102 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part II is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)

Older PopulationsOlder PopulationsChallengesChallenges

Older peoplepeople are less likely to recognize threat

OlderOlder people are more vulnerable

Many in this age group will need training


Older Populations Older Populations RecommendationsRecommendations

Develop crime preventioncrime prevention strategies

Develop behavioralbehavioral, technological, and hardware crime prevention techniques

Because travel and activity are likely to be part of older people’s lifestyles, teach crime preventioncrime prevention accordingly.


Generation Gaps in KnowledgeGeneration Gaps in KnowledgePredictionsPredictions

Crime prevention gaps in training

People frequently don’t teachteach

Each generation different needs


Generation Gaps in KnowledgeGeneration Gaps in KnowledgeChallengesChallenges

It is hard to predictpredict precisely how future trends will affect crime prevention

It is not clear


Generation Gaps in Generation Gaps in KnowledgeKnowledge

RecommendationsRecommendations

We must persist – Never Give-Up

We need to “THINK” outside the box

We should all work together to create a “FORCE MULTIPLIER”


Crime Prevention Toolsand Benefits

The ten Principles of Crime Prevention set forth by the Crime Prevention Coalition of America –Engaging the Power of Prevention (2007) – provide guidance to everyone about how to build and sustain crime prevention programs and strategies.


The 10 Principles of Crime The 10 Principles of Crime PreventionPrevention

1. Preventing crime is everyone's businesseveryone's business

2. Preventing crime is more than securitysecurity

3. Preventing crime is a responsibility of allall levels levels of government and agencies of government

4. Preventing crime is linked with solving solving social problemssocial problems

5. Preventing crime is cost-effectivecost-effective


10 Principles Continued…

Preventing crimePreventing crime6. Requires a centralcentral role in law

enforcement7. Requires an active cooperationcooperation and

collaboration by all elements of the community

8. Requires educationeducation9. Requires tailoring to local needs and

conditions10.Requires continual testingtesting and

improvement

Crime Prevention ImprovesCrime Prevention Improves

The Quality of Life for The Quality of Life for EveryEvery

CommunityCommunity


Building on ExperienceBuilding on Experience A look at our achievements in crime

prevention will help us update crime prevention strategies for the future.

“We can chart our future clearly and wisely only when we know the path which has led to the present.”

- Adlai Stevenson


The 1970sThe 1970s

Crime prevention is seen by the publicpublic as the responsibility of police.

The concept of citizencitizen action to reduce crime emerges from Law Enforcement Assistance Administration-sponsored programs.

Neighborhood Watch is bornNeighborhood Watch is born.

The 1980sThe 1980sMajor DevelopmentsMajor Developments

The rolerole of youthyouth in crime prevention

Comprehensive action-focused communitycommunity planning emerges.


The 1990sThe 1990sCrime Prevention Coalition of America publishespublishes Principles of Crime Prevention.

Violence prevention programs proliferateproliferate in response to a rise in youth crime.

The costs costs of crime are more thoroughly documented.

The 1990sThe 1990s(cont.)

Comprehensive fact-based fact-based prevention approaches gain momentum.

School safetysafety becomes a major issue.


Today, Our Base is StrongToday, Our Base is Strong

Communities are safersafer than in the 1970s, 1980’s & 1990’s.

People see themselves as having an important roleimportant role in makingmaking their communitiescommunities safersafer.

Crime prevention has a wider foundation than just law law enforcementenforcement.

The Coalition, NCPCNCPC, and McGruff McGruff continue to provide focus and resources.

The Bureau of Justice Assistance has many “FREEFREE” materials available on a myriad of topics

Today, Our Base is StrongToday, Our Base is Strong


Opportunities for Crime Prevention Opportunities for Crime Prevention

in the in the 2121stst Century Century

Build worldwideworldwide links to strengthen prevention.

Make new communicationscommunications technology effective in teachingtechnology effective in teaching crime preventioncrime prevention.


Incorporate preventionprevention in new technologies.

Enlist new generationgeneration in crime prevention.

Strengthen and institutionalizeinstitutionalize crime prevention.

Opportunities for Crime Prevention Opportunities for Crime Prevention in the 21in the 21stst Century – Cont’d Century – Cont’d


Hold on – just a minute!


The Future Just ChangedThe Future Just Changed

The futurefuture is not guaranteed.

We can predictpredict but not promise.


PredictionPrediction helps us think about the future, which helps us prepare for change, whatever it looks like.

"All that is necessary for the All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men triumph of evil is that good men do nothingdo nothing“…Edmund Burke


We all have problems. We all face challenges and obstacles. How we address those problems, challenges and obstacles define us (not the problems).


What you will be learning this What you will be learning this week about community-based week about community-based programs can and will make a programs can and will make a difference in our collective difference in our collective future!future!

The best advice is to stay alertalert, stay up-to-dateup-to-date, stay flexibleflexible, stay committedcommitted – and stay safesafe!


QQUUEESSTTIIOONNSS

National Crime Prevention National Crime Prevention CouncilCouncil

1000 Connecticut Avenue, NW

Thirteenth Floor

Washington, DC 20036-5325

202-466-6272

www.ncpc.org

DEFINE & PROCESSDEFINE & PROCESS

• Explain the current trends in crime and prevention?

• Identify and explain the five major, emerging trends and challenges over the next 20 years?

• Explain ways to meet these challenges• Identify and explain how you can use

crime preventioncrime prevention as a strong foundation• Name some ways to move crime

prevention forward into the 21st Century©TCLEOSE Course #2102 Crime Prevention Curriculum Part II is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)

Contact InformationContact Information

INSTITUTE for CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDIES350 N. Guadalupe, Suite 140, PMB 164

San Marcos, Texas 78666.

512-245-6232 www.criminaljusticestudies.com

©TCLEOSE Course #2102 Crime Prevention Part II Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)TCLEOSE Course #2102 Crime Prevention Part II Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)

http://www.criminaljusticestudies.com/

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