CRIME PREVENTION PART I SECURITY ALARMS ©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is...

CRIME PREVENTION PART ICRIME PREVENTION PART I

SECURITYSECURITY

ALARMSALARMS

©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2010)

Institute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice Studies

Institute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesTexas School Safety CenterTexas School Safety Center

Institute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice Studies

Institute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesTexas School Safety CenterTexas School Safety Center

OBJECTIVES• Learning Objective: The student will be able to

identify the three basic components of an alarm system.

• Learning Objective: The student will be able to define and describe the proper use of the following alarm sensors; space or motion detectors, microwave, infrared, ultrasonic, magnetic switches, glass breakage and impact

• Learning Objective: The student will be able to describe the basic circuitry of an alarm system.

• Learning Objective: The student will be able to define local annunciator and remote annunciator.


OBJECTIVES• Learning Objective: The student will be able to

define the following terms: multiplexing, microwave transmission and dialers

• Learning Objective: The student will be able to explain the parts of an alarm control unit.

• Learning Objective: The student will be able to define the requirements of an alarm system.

• Learning Objective: The student will be able to explain the common problems associated with alarm systems, contributing factors to those problems and recommendation to solve problems identified.


Consider what you are protecting life or $$$$$ - value

Crime prevention geese—390 BC Romans

1900's fire alarms—insurance companies had own fire companies respond to their customers only — term fire company

ALARM HISTORY ALARM HISTORY

ALARM AS A DETERRANTALARM AS A DETERRANT

A physicalphysical deterrent by the noise and attention

A psychologicalpsychological deterrent if a perpetrator knows or beliefs a building has an alarm system



WHY PEOPLE NEED WHY PEOPLE NEED AN ALARM SYSTEMAN ALARM SYSTEM

McCULLOUGH LOOPMcCULLOUGH LOOP

McCullough Loop basically a single telephone line that is linked from site to site with a transmitter at each site. When the alarm is tripped at that site, the transmitter signals a series of signals (similar to a telegraph key).



8080 percent percent of existing alarms today are still on existing phone lines

MicrowaveMicrowave and satellite—future of business



1.1. Control UnitControl Unit (Brain) (Brain)

Power supplyPower supply

CircuitryCircuitry

Sensory controlsSensory controls

ALARM SYSTEMALARM SYSTEM

Three main components of an alarm


ALARM SYSTEM POWER SUPPLYALARM SYSTEM POWER SUPPLYALARM CIRCUIT BOARDALARM CIRCUIT BOARDALARM COMPONENTS - SENSORSALARM COMPONENTS - SENSORS©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)

2.2. Annunciation SystemAnnunciation System

Local Local BellBellLightLightSirenSiren

Remote monitoring stationRemote monitoring station




EXTERIOR EXTERIOR SIRENSIREN WITH WITH

FLASHING FLASHING LIGHTLIGHT


3.3. Sensors & DetectorsSensors & Detectors

Touch or feel (Contact type)Touch or feel (Contact type)

Audio – hear (Noise)Audio – hear (Noise)

Sight (PIR)Sight (PIR)




Key to reliable alarm system is proper application and use (informed users) of properproper equipment

ALARM SYSTEM ALARM SYSTEM


1. Control or brain

2.2. AnnunciationAnnunciation or reportingreporting device — siren, bell or light

3. Sensors or detectordetector — see, hear & feel


Three main componentsmain components of an alarm


Receiving, transmittingtransmitting, interpreting messagesLinks all partsparts of the systemPower supplysupplyAccess controlcontrolSensitivitySensitivity adjustments


CONTROL UNITCONTROL UNIT


Time delaydelayAnti-tampertamper devices Sensor controlSensor controlSignal transmissiontransmission to remote stationBatteryBattery backup


CONTROL UNIT – CONTROL UNIT – Cont’d:Cont’d:


Imitating mechanically, electrically, electronically human senses

Touch or feel—magneticmagnetic switch, spring switch, mercurymercury switch, pressure sensitive mat, foil, wire lacing, trip wire, vibrationvibration detection (seismic)


SENSORS & DETECTORSSENSORS & DETECTORS


Imitating Hearing—ultrasonicultrasonic (Doppler) audio senses

Sight—photoelectricphotoelectric beams, light intensity changes, microwave, CCTVCCTV




IntrusionIntrusion Sensing DevicesHardwire switchesMagnetic switchesPlunger switchesMetal foil switch Glass breakage - VibrationMercury switches - tilt windows or overhead doors, screen or grill wires

ALARM SYSTEMALARM SYSTEMSENSORS & DETECTORSSENSORS & DETECTORS


Space or MotionMotion detectors

Photoelectric — invisibleinvisible beam sender receiver or combination of both bounce or refract refract off detected objectsoff detected objectsUltrasonic — Doppler shift —detectdetect motion radar, sonar





MicrowaveMicrowave — detect motionmotion from interruption of waves





Passive Infrared (PIR) —invisible light — detects ambientambient temperature changes

Avoid direct sunlightsunlightUsed a lot in combination with microwavemicrowave and ultrasonicultrasonic best for reducing false alarms

ALARM SYSTEMALARM SYSTEMSENSORS & DETECTORSSENSORS & DETECTORS

AudioAudio

ImpactImpact

FrequencyFrequency




Today many sensorssensors are used in tandem to lower potential for false alarms—example impact and glass breakage.




Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) is a U.S. privately owned and operated, independent, third party product safety testing and certification organization. Based in Northbrook, Illinois, UL develops standards and test procedures for products, materials, components, assemblies, tools and equipment, chiefly dealing with product safety.

UNDERWRITER UNDERWRITER LABRATORIES LABRATORIES


Property is equipped with an electronicelectronic burglar alarm that meets the following requirements

All exterior structurestructure openings are contacted The systemsystem includes an interior and exterior siren


MINIMUM REQUIREMENTSMINIMUM REQUIREMENTS


Continued:

All equipment is U.L.U.L. approved and is monitored by a U.L. approved central stationAppropriate alarm permitalarm permit (if applicable based on applicable statute and/or ordinance)


MINIMUM REQUIREMENTSMINIMUM REQUIREMENTS


Time delaydelayAnti-tampertamper devices Sensor controlSensor controlSignal transmissiontransmission to remote stationBatteryBattery backup


CONTROL UNIT – CONTROL UNIT – Cont’d:Cont’d:


TAKE A 15-Minute BREAKTAKE A 15-Minute BREAK

In a normally open looploop there is not a completecomplete loop from one side of the power source to the other


Basic Alarm CircuitryBasic Alarm Circuitry::


In order for the loop to become a closed closed loop, the switchswitch (or sensor) needs to be activatedactivated and movedmoved to the closed position. When this switch is closed, we have a complete or closedclosed looploop


Basic Circuitry – Cont’dBasic Circuitry – Cont’d::


When the loop is closed, electronicelectronic pulse flows from one side of the control unit through the loop to the other side. With signalsignal now flowing through the loop, the relay is energized and the alarm activatesalarm activates




The biggest problem with this type of loop is any part of the loop loop may be cut without detection. For this reason, a normally openopen loop is referred to as unsupervisedunsupervised and is not commonly used by itself in alarm systems.




This configuration allows pulsespulses to flow in the loop and keeps the relay energized. In this loop, as long as the relay is energized, there is no alarmalarm. However, when the relay is de-energized, by activating the switchswitch, the alarm alerts




If additional switches sensorssensors are added to the normally closed protectedprotected loop, they must be inserted in such a way that opening any one of them causes an open circuitopen circuit. To provide this feature the switches are hooked in series to one another (i.e., one right after another).




A normally closed loop is referred to as a supervisedsupervised circuit since cutting any of the wires in the protective circuit activatesactivates an alarm condition.




A basic weakness in a normally closed system is the switches switches may be "jumped out" or shortedshorted across without initiating an alarm when that particular switch is activated. This characteristic of the closed loop is used when installing a devicedevice known as a shunt lock or shuntshunt switchswitch.

ALARM SYSTEMALARM SYSTEMBasic Circuitry – Cont’dBasic Circuitry – Cont’d::


Shunt switch diagramShunt switch diagram

The shuntshunt switch is used to bypassbypass a selected detector or zone, for instance, on the front door, so the premise is entered by authorized persons without sounding an alarm. By turning the shunt lock to the unlocked position a jumperjumper or shuntshunt is created around the selected selected detector(sdetector(s).



A normally closed loop is referred to as a supervisedsupervised circuit since cutting any of the wires in the protective circuit activatesactivates an alarm condition.




Supervised Loop can be combination of openopen and closedclosed loops monitored by computermonitored by computer that is constantly checkingchecking each individual sensorsensor every few seconds. Cutting or splicing wires will not disarm the supervised loop




Remember that a ShuntShunt Switch Switch is used to is used to bypass selected zone or detector for closed alarm system; to allow entry into a zone without setting off the alarm.




WHO TO CALL WITH WHO TO CALL WITH QUESTIONSQUESTIONS


Most use existing phone lines.Most use existing phone lines.Direct connectDirect connectMultiplexing—party lines many Multiplexing—party lines many users instead of dedicated users instead of dedicated phone line or radio frequency phone line or radio frequency broadcasting of databroadcasting of data

REMOTE ALARM SYSTEMREMOTE ALARM SYSTEM

TRANSMISSION CIRCUITSTRANSMISSION CIRCUITS


Dialers must have override Dialers must have override capability as (the same as) a capability as (the same as) a priority (911) call to Sheriff’s priority (911) call to Sheriff’s Office or Police Department. Office or Police Department.

REMOTE ALARM SYSTEMREMOTE ALARM SYSTEM

TRANSMISSION CIRCUITSTRANSMISSION CIRCUITS


SecuritySecurityAlarmAlarm

RemoteRemoteMonitoringMonitoring


Common problemsUser error or negligence 60% by User error or negligence 60% by far most common cause of false far most common cause of false security alarmssecurity alarms2525 percent poor installation or defective equipmentTenTen percent use for purposes other than for which it was intended


FALSE ALARMSFALSE ALARMSFALSE ALARMSFALSE ALARMS


LooseLoose contacts contacts loose or bad wiring

Building vibration battery replacement

Lack of consistent Ordinances Lack of consistent Ordinances fees and fines


FALSE ALARMSFALSE ALARMSFALSE ALARMSFALSE ALARMS


There is continually new alarm There is continually new alarm technology within the security technology within the security industry. The following is a industry. The following is a brief slide show to allow you to brief slide show to allow you to see some of the new alarm see some of the new alarm technology availabletechnology available


NEW TECHNOLOGYNEW TECHNOLOGYNEW TECHNOLOGYNEW TECHNOLOGY


SecuritySecurityAlarmAlarmLampLamp


NewNewMacintoshMacintosh

with with built – inbuilt – in

alarmalarm


SOURCESSOURCES

Handbook of Loss Prevention and Crime Prevention (Fourth Edition) Lawrence J. Fennelly.


DEFINE & PROCESSDEFINE & PROCESS1. Identify the three basic components

of an alarm system.2. Define and describe the proper use of

the following alarm sensors; space or motion detectors, microwave, infrared, ultrasonic, magnetic switches, glass breakage and impact

3. Describe the basic circuitry of an alarm system.

4. Explain local annunciator and remote annunciator.


DEFINE & PROCESSDEFINE & PROCESS5. Define and explain the following terms:

multiplexing, microwave transmission and dialers

6. Explain the parts of an alarm control unit.

7. Define the requirements of an alarm system.

8. Explain the common problems associated with alarm systems, contributing factors to those problems and recommendation to solve problems identified.


QQUUEESSTTIIOONNSS


Contact InformationContact Information

1.INSTITUTE for CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDIES2.350 N. Guadalupe, Suite 140, PMB 164

3.San Marcos, Texas 78666.

512-245-6232 www.criminaljusticestudies.com

1.1.TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)

http://www.criminaljusticestudies.com/


TEAM VISIT TEAM VISIT

HOME DEPOT – LOWE’S VISITHOME DEPOT – LOWE’S VISIT

TEAM ASSIGNMENTS• TEAM I - LOCKS• TEAM II – DOORS• TEAM III – WINDOWS• TEAM IV – LIGHTING• TEAM V – SECURITY ALARMS• TEAM VI – FENCING


HOME DEPOT – LOWE’S VISITHOME DEPOT – LOWE’S VISIT

INSTRUCTIONS

• Each team will not spend more than 10-minutes per area

• Teams will rotate every 10-minutes• Make brief (bullet) notes of your

observations on your assigned area.

• Prepare one combined Team report©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)

SEE YOU ALL TOMORROWSEE YOU ALL TOMORROW

8:00 AM (SHARP) WEDNESDAY MORNING


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