Craze or way forward for online learning? · Competency-Based Education Craze or way forward for...
Transcript of Craze or way forward for online learning? · Competency-Based Education Craze or way forward for...
Competency-Based EducationCraze or way forward for online learning?
Richard Garrett, Chief Research Officer
Quality Matters
2 November 2015
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Agenda
• Adult & Online Enrollment Trends- what is going on?
• CBE- solution or craze?
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The rise and fall of adult higher education enrollment
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5
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10
4,500,000
4,700,000
4,900,000
5,100,000
5,300,000
5,500,000
5,700,000
5,900,000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Undergrad Enrollment Aged 25+
US Unemployment
Source: IPEDS and BLS
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Online enrollment up very strongly over past decade
11.2
1.51.7
2.1
2.4
2.7
33.2
3.4
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
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3.5
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2005E 2006E 2007E 2008E 2009E 2010E 2011E 2012E 2013E 2014E
Online Headcount-Undergraduate & Graduate
Up over 200% since 2005
Est.
On
line
Enro
llmen
t (h
ead
cou
nt)
-m
illio
ns
Source: Eduventures and IPEDS
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Context: online growth slowing. Is online adding enough value?
27%
22%
16%
20%
16%
12%
9%7%
4%2%
0.6% 1.2%
3.7%5.6%
1.7%
-1.7%
-2.9% -2.6% -2.0%
-1.2%
-5%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Online Higher Education- %growth
Higher Education (minusonline)- % growth
Another Gap Closing- between consumer first preference for wholly online study- c.20% (flat over time)- and online market share (c.15%).
Source: Eduventures and IPEDS
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Maybe flexibility is not the problem?
Source: National Student Clearinghouse- Signature Report “Completing College” (2014). Fall 2008 cohort
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Agenda
• Adult & Online Enrollment Trends- what is going on?
• CBE- solution or craze?
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What is Competency-Based Education (CBE)?
• Outcomes driven (backwards design)
• Values learning prior to, during, and outside a program
• Assessment of the application of knowledge and skills- readiness over time
• Can be self-paced and personalized; mentor rather than cohort/class
• Can be low cost
• More explicit reliance on third-party input and frameworks (details vary)
• Often wholly or primarily online
What problem is CBE trying to solve?
Vague OutcomesInauthentic Assessment
Takes too Long
Expensive
Insufficiently Individualized
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Prospects say they want faster/cheaper; downplay social
72%
53%
45%43%42%40%
31%27%
24%22%22%20%18%18%16%16%14%13%11%
What would increase your interest in going/returning to school?(survey of 7,587 prospects, primarily aged 25-54- 2013)
CBE seems to be responding to demand. But do consumers really have an informed view?
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Mapping the higher education landscape
Explicit, Standardized Outcomes
Implicit, Local Outcomes
Co
ho
rt L
ock
-Ste
pSelf-P
aced
CfACapella
FlexPath
Tempo
UW Flexible Option
NAU
Conventional Online Programs
WGU
Pioneer CBE/CPL Schools
Olin
U Dayton
Ball State
Correspondence Education
MOOCs
Bootcamps
Conventional Programs
Bigger circle= higher price
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Tensions at the heart of many CBE programs
Self-Paced & Low Cost• no cohorts • little student interaction• wholly distance• atypical self-discipline
Pedagogic Good Practice• mixed delivery mode• value of cohorts• cost and “inconvenience”
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Trying to assess claims of new/old breed of CBE providers…
Claim Reality?
Authentic assessments As many references to research papers as anything else
Outcomes and assessments backed by employers or other external standards
Which employers? Which standards? Comparability between institutions?
Shorter, cheaper Offer conventional degrees
Support from faculty and mentors Hard to gauge reality for typical student
Meet student demand Patchy enrollment data
Earn high quality degrees and certificates Hard to find graduation rate data
Mainstream Specialized
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Online v. CBE: what’s missing? Why CBE risks being a craze
Access Student Experience Outcomes
Online
CBE
Stronger
Weaker
Gains for CBE on Access
Gains for CBE on OutcomesBest way to revive adult
demand and improve outcomes
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Explore different territory? Missing axes?
Explicit, Standardized Outcomes
Implicit, Local Outcomes
Co
ho
rt L
ock
-Ste
pSelf-P
aced
CfACapella
FlexPathTempo
UW Flexible OptionNAU
Conventional Online Programs
WGU
Pioneer CBE/CPL Schools
Olin
U Dayton
Ball State
Correspondence Education
MOOCs
Bootcamps
Conventional Programs
Bigger circle= higher price
Galvanize
Udacity
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Thank you
To discuss today’s deck or related matters, please contact:
Richard Garrett
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Questions…
• Does new-generation CBE really have the fundamental problems I mention, or is it a marketing issue?
• Are there CBE instances that sidestep my critique?
• What choices are available to combine CBE-style assessment and elements of personalization with pedagogies that transcend atomization?
• How is your CBE program going? Are you planning a CBE program?
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Galvanize- pedagogically powerful degree alternative; unlikely to scale?
• Name: Galvanize
• Founded: 2012
• Location(s): 6 US “campuses”, plus London
• Focus: workshops, short or long courses (e.g. 24 week “Full Stack”) and 12-month Master’s degree. “Data science” concentration. Plus start-up accommodation. Position the combination of education and start-ups as a virtue. Longer programs culminate in “hiring day”. Commitment to hiring under-represented groups; offer financial aid
• Price: US$21k for “full stack”; c.40k for Master’s
• Scale/Outcomes: claims 98% placement rate and 73k US$ mean starting salary
• Relationship with HE: Master’s degree partnership with University of New Haven- “appointed faculty”. For non-degree offerings, no requirement beyond a high school diploma
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Udacity- addresses time, cost, relevance and scale challenges? But too individualized?
• Name: Udacity- Nanodegrees
• Founded: 2014
• Location(s): CA- wholly online
• Focus: computer science. Curriculum built and taught in partnership with technology firms. Project-based. Independent, self-paced online study with peer/coach support; 6-12 months to complete at 10 hours a week. Companies offering internships. Lifelong learning
• Price: $200 a month. Scholarships available from Udacity and sponsor companies. 50% of tuition returned if complete on time
• Scale/Outcomes: claims 60,000 students “at any one time”; no outcomes disclosures so far
• Relationship with HE: none, but Udacity also working with Georgia Tech on a low-cost online Master’s in computer science for <$US7k