Corsica summer school 2014 SuReReEnMaHo 2 year – Sustainable Refurbishment, retrofit and Energy...

Corsica summer school 2014SuReReEnMaHo 2 year – Sustainable Refurbishment,

retrofit and Energy Management in Housing

Sustainable materials – usage for low energyBuildingsVersion 1.0

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Sustainable materials – usage for low energybuildings

Summerschool Corsica 2014

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Nicole [email protected]




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Life Cycle of a Building

Facility ManagementFunctional

Property Management

ProjectmanagementPlanning and Construction

Project Development

Strategical PropertyManagement

UtilizationConstructionDevelopment

Lifecycle of a Building

Reconstruction

Reconstruction

Removal

Facility ManagementFunctional

Property Management

ProjectmanagementPlanning and Construction

Project Development

Strategical PropertyManagement

UtilizationConstructionDevelopment

Lifecycle of a Building

Reconstruction

Reconstruction

Removal

Quelle: K

ochendörfer Projektm

anagement.




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Basic Structure of a Feasibility Study

Current situation•technical•economical •legal•ecological•sociological

Current situation•technical•economical •legal•ecological•sociological Economical concept

•costs•earnings•yields

Economical concept •costs•earnings•yields Technical concept

•urban development•architecture•engineering

Technical concept •urban development•architecture•engineering Legal concept

•public law •urban law•tax law

Legal concept •public law •urban law•tax law

Structure•stakeholder•contracts•communication

Structure•stakeholder•contracts•communication

Scheduling•concept•preparation•realization•maintenance

Scheduling•concept•preparation•realization•maintenance

•Market analysis•Stakeholder analysis

Idea/Utilization concept

•Market analysis•Stakeholder analysis

Idea/Utilization concept

also:•Sociol concept•Ecological concept etc.

also:•Sociol concept•Ecological concept etc.

Que

lle:

Kyr

ein,

RE

M T

U B

erlin




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Target Setting in Project Management in RED

designableFrame?

designableframe

technical restrictive condition

legal restrictive condition

economical restrictive condition

Que

lle:

Kyr

ein,

RE

M T

U B

erlin




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Target Setting in Project Management in RED II

ecologyecology

economyeconomyurban urban developmentdevelopment

architecturearchitecture

engineeringengineering

public lawpublic lawprivate lawprivate law

frame of the projectframe of the project

sociologysociology

Que

lle:

Kyr

ein,

RE

M T

U B

erlin




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Interference of Costs and Risc

Planning Construction Utilization

100%

FSBStudy

Start of

work

Fini-shing

informationcostsinfluence

timeConcept

Que

lle:

Kyr

ein,

RE

M T

U B

erlin




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Cost planning depending on projects progress.

Kostenschätzung

Kostenberechnung

Kostenanschlag

Kostenfeststellung

± 3 %

± 0 %

± 40 %

Kostenschätzung

VorvertraglicheKostenschätzung

± 30 %

± 20 %

± 10 %

= anzustrebender Zielkorridor= anzustrebender Zielkorridor

Quelle: K

ochendörfer Projektm

anagement.

Deviation of Cost Estimation

Target corridor

project’s

progress




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Three Dimensions of SustainabilityQ

uelle

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Walls40%

Roof7%

Basement6%

Heat transmission30%

Airing rooms17%

Thermal Concept in General should include…

• Insulation of the roof• Insulation of walls and windows

– Double/triple glazing• Insulation of basement

– Ceiling– Entrance

• Building services – Heating system– Water supply– renewable energy

Avoid thermal bridges!




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Reasons/Motivation for Refurbishment

• Energy saving• Changes in environment (e.g. urban development)• New Owner (usage change)• Situation in life (e.g. family, different generations in one building)• Changes in real estate market (e.g. quality standard)• Maintenance (combnation of measures)• Ecological reasons (carbon footprint)




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Reasons for Thermal Rehabilitation for Owners

• Energy saving• Changes in environment (e.g.

urban development)• New Owner (usage change)• Situation in life (e.g. family,

different generations in one building)

• Changes in real estate market (e.g. quality standard)

• Maintenance (combnation of measures)

• Ecological reasons (carbon footprint)




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10 Steps to Energy Efficient Buildings

Reducing Energy•Windows size and direction (daylight)•Insolation of envelop(keep temperature)•Sunscreen(no overheating)•Ventilation(natural ventilation)•Effizient home appliances(reduce of energy demand)

Improve Energy Supply•Integration of photovoltaics(individual supply)•solar heating(efficient heat production)•Ventilation/heat recovery(Automatical/natural airing)•Efficient lamps(optimize light)

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Concepts of Refurbishments

Source: Refurbishment of residential buildings in Hofheim, Germany, final report, Darmstadt, 2008;http://www.iwu.de/fileadmin/user_upload/dateien/energie/hofheim/Endbericht_gesamt.pdf, accessed April 2013




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Analysis of the current situation – 1st step

• Analysis of the existing building– Age– Number of buildings– Construction/materials– Former refurbishments– Squaremeters of external walls, ceiling celler,

windows, roof-floors or top floor ceilings– thermal transmittance values (U-value)– Orientation of the building/climate




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Performance of some typical existing dwelling types (example)

Source: Sustainable refurbishment, Enrgy Savinb Trust, edistion 2010, http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Publications2/Housing-professionals/Refurbishment/Sustainable-Refurbishment-2010-edition, 12.05.2014




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Concept of Refurbishments

External refurbishments

•New roof including / new floor for living

•Insulation of external walls, roof and cellar ceiling

•New roof covering

•New windows

•Loggias in the south (climate)

•Openings in the southern wall (climate?)




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Concept of Refurbishments

Internal refurbishments

•New heating system

•New sanitary facilities (bathrooms, pipes etc.)

•New electrical installations

•Basic renovations




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External Wall Insulation

Dry-cladding systems•High flexibility of external appearance •meets local planning requirements, using for example:

– Timber panels.– Stone or clay tiles.– Brick slips (see figure).– Aluminium panels.




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Insulation of external wall - example vacuum insulation modules

• Very good insulation• Very thin• No tailoring on

construction side• Trainings for

workers• Barrier film very

sensible• Thermal bridges

because of structural anchors

metallized high barrier film

Fumed silica

Fleece

Source: Refurbishment of residential buildings in Hofheim, Germany, final report, Darmstadt, 2008;http://www.iwu.de/fileadmin/user_upload/dateien/energie/hofheim/20061110_Vortrag_IWUPDrei_2.pdf, accessed April 2013See also: http://www.iwu.de/forschung/energie/abgeschlossen/hofheim/

Sustainable?




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Roof - insulation on and between rafters

• New dormer, wooden roof construction

• Insulation between and on rafters necessary

• New roof covering




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U-values of upgrading of rafter insulationS

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Insulation of flat roofs

• insulation above the new roof deck to avoid the risk of condensation. (below or above the weatherproofing membrane)

• Warm deck construction/ inverted warm deck construction

• Danger: rainwater to penetrates the insulation layer and reduce its thermal performance

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Windows /Doors

• New Double/triple glazing windows

• Tailoring of old wall insulation

• Insulation close to shutter (thermal bridge)

• Sensors in combination with heating system pssible

• Insulated doors achieve U-values as low as 0.8W/m2K, solid timber doors achieve ca. 3.0W/m2K.




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Excursion: Heatingsystem – New Approach

„supply-oriented heating“ „demand-oriented heating“

central heating pump

decentralised pumps

Source: www.tga-praxis.de · MODERNE GEBÄUDETECHNIK 3/2009




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Insulation of Envelope – Walls

• Walls behind the surface in bad condition-> time schedule!




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Floors

The U-value for a ground floor depends on the floors thermal resistance, geometry, the ratio of floor perimeter (of external walls) to floor area (U-value for an endterrace property will be higher than for the midterrace property next door, even if the same thickness and type of insulation is provided to both…)

Timber ground floors: •little thermal resistance; sub-floor cross-ventilated, cold air readily leaks through the floor into the dwelling

Concrete floors:•Replacenment: insulation can be installed•Possibility to add a layer of insulation on top of the existing floor




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Thermal Bridges




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Examples of Air Leakage Pathways

1. Through air bricks which are required to ventilate sub-floor voids to prevent wet and dry rot.

2. Gaps between floor boards, at the floor edge, and around radiator pipes.

3. Leaking windows and doors.

4. Pathways into floor voids and then through to the cavity at poorly pointed in joist ends.

5. Gaps between window and door frames and external walls.

6. Gaps at the edges of ceilings below a roof void.

7. Open chimneys.

8. Gaps around loft hatches.

9. Service penetrations (light fitting and water pipes etc.) through ceiling into floor or roof void.

10.Vents passing through the roof void.

11.Permanently open bathroom extract vents.

12.Gaps around bathroom waste pipes.

13.Permanently open kitchen extract vents.

14.Gaps around kitchen waste pipes.

15.Gaps between wall-to-floor joints, particularly in timber framed construction.

16.Gaps in and around electrical fittings in hollow walls.




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Reduction of Air Leakage




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Additional Problems to Solve…

• Thermally separated balconies

• Canopy roofs – thermal bridges

• Load bearing capacity of roofs for photovoltaics/solar modules

• Increasing maintenance of roofs

• Insulation of concrete base slab is difficult – insulation of the ceiling




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Source: Refurbishment of residential buildings in Hofheim, Germany, final report, Darmstadt, 2008;http://www.iwu.de/fileadmin/user_upload/dateien/energie/hofheim/Endbericht_gesamt.pdf, accessed April 2013




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• Thank you.




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• Sustainable Materials with both eyes openhttp://www.withbotheyesopen.com/read.php?c=16 (accessed April 2014)

• Sustainable Refurbishment (2010 edition)Category Practical guidance, Published 11/08/2011, Reference CE309,http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Publications2/Housing-professionals/Refurbishment/Sustainable-Refurbishment-2010-edition, accessed May 2014

• Source: Refurbishment of residential buildings in Hofheim, Germany, final report, Darmstadt, 2008; http://www.iwu.de/fileadmin/user_upload/dateien/energie/hofheim/Endbericht_gesamt.pdf, accessed April 2013

• Materials for Energy Efficiency and Thermal Comfort in Buildings, published M Hall

Corsica summer school 2014 SuReReEnMaHo 2 year – Sustainable Refurbishment, retrofit and Energy...

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