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CONTENTS Page

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Junipero Serra Peak 5

ChewsRidge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

PineRidge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

San Benito Mountain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Sampling Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flora of the Study Peaks 8

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Distribution of Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Plants of the Study Peaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

THE AUTHOR

JAMES R. GRIFFIN was formerly a plant ecologist on the Station's silvicultural research staff headquartered at Redding, California. He earned bachelor's (1952) and master's degrees (1958) in forestry and a doctorate (1962) in botany at the University of California, Berkeley. He joined the Forest Service in 1962. He assumed his present position in 1967 as associate research ecologist, Hastings Natural History Reser- vation, University of California, Carmel Valley.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Help in identifying problem plants was generously provided by Loran C. Anderson (Kansas State University), Lincoln Constance, Lauramay T. Dempster, and Pamela Yorks (University of California, Berkeley), Frank G. Hawksworth (Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station), Marion Ownbey (Washington State University), Peter H. Raven (Missouri Botanical Garden) and James L. Reveal (University of Maryland). John Thomas Howell (California Academy of Sciences) and Lawrence R. Heckard (University of California, Berkeley) helped with several plant groups and provided much encouragement. Voucher specimens of the interesting or difficult plants were deposited in the Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, or with the specialists listed above. Margaret Campbell supplied historical material from the California Academy of Sciences archives.

SUMMARY

Griffin, James R. 1975. Plants of the highest Santa Lucia and Diablo Range peaks,

California. USDA Forest Sew. Res. Paper PSW-110, 50 p., illus. Pacific Soutl~west Forest and Range Exp. Stn., Berkeley, Calif.

Oxford: 188x455. [-(794) (23)] Rehieval Terms: plant communities; montane disjuncts; elevational distributions; Ventana Wilderness Area; Santa Lucia Range (California); Diablo Range (California); California.

As the first phase of a broader vegetational study, a search for vascular plants was made on six of the highest ridges in the south Coast Ranges of California. The survey covered five prominent peaks in the Santa Lucia Range, Monterey County, and the tallest mountain unit in the Diablo Range, San Benito and Fresno Counties. These peaks, which support depauperate scraps of conifer forest are distant from montane regions with well-developed mixed conifer forest. A major purpose of the survey was to document the distribution of montane disjuncts on these lower elevation coastal peaks.

No detailed vegetational studies have been made on these summits, but the history of plant collecting and the relevant floristic literature were reviewed.

This collection emphasized the disjunct conifer i forests, but all types of habitats above t l ~ e 1200-

meter (3937-foot) level were searched. Only vascular plants growing above this elevation on at least one of the six peaks are included in this report. The relative abundance of evely species is tabulated within three elevational zones for each peak. Notes provide information about each species (including important varie- ties and subspecies) on life form, plant community preferences, ecological characteristics, and taxonomic problems.

A total of 449 species were noticed above 1200 m. The relatively low proportion of introduced species

on each peak ranged from 3 to 9 percent, witl~ very few introduced species in the dense forest stands. Most species had broad elevational ranges, and only 5 of 13 montane forest disjuncts seemed to be confined to areas above 1200 m: Chimaphila menziesii, Cycla- denia humilis, Holodiscus microphyllus, Raillardella (muirii ?) and Sanicula graveolens.

Chews Ridge had the most plants. Of the 267 native species above 1200 m noted there, 26 were not seen on any of the other peaks. Forty-three species which were absent from the Santa Lucia Range peaks grew on San Benito Mountain. This more interior mountain has the driest climate of the study peaks and much highly serpentinized soil lacking on the other peaks. Six Santa Lucia Range endemics grew on the Santa Lucia peaks, and four Diablo Range endemics were in the San Benito Mountain region.

Eight species of limited distribution are recognized by the California Native Plant Society as rare and endangered plants: Cnmissonia benitensis, Fritillaria falcata, Galium californicum ssp. luciense, Galium clementis, Layia discoidea, Lupinus cervinus, Monar- della benitensis, and Raillardella (muirii?.) The Fritil- laria has not been reported from its type locality on San Benito Mountain since its original discovery. This plant may be extinct on San Benito Mountain but surviving in one other Diablo Range locality.

i

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119"

Figure l-Distribution of montane areasabove 1200 m (3937 f t ) elevation in central California, and the relative locality of the six study peaks.

P lants on the Santa Lucia and Diablo Ranges of central California have received much taxonomic attention. Professional botanists started col-

lecting along the primitive roads in 1830, and the more accessible spots have remained popular with plant collectors ever since. In recent decades, mono- graphic studies on many genera have included a host of specimens from these mountains. The fund of geographic and ecological information, however, is still limited. Except for the most conspicuous trees, even general distributions for particular plants on specific peaks are poorly known.

This floristic survey is the initial step in a vegetation study that emphasizes the role of "montane disjunctsm-plants that are widely distributed in distant mountain regions, but have only isolated populations on these Coast Range peaks.

The summary of field observations and review of the literature and herbarium records is limited to higher elevations. Six geographically isolated and eco- logically important peaks were selected. I confined the intensive search for plants to levels above the 1200-in (3937-ft) elevation. Separate records were kept on species growing between 1200 m and 1400 m (4593 ft) and tl~ose continuing above 1400 m. When plants present above 1200 m were noticed at lower elevations, they were also recorded. But data on spe-

cies extensions below 1200 m are less complete. The elevational orientation of the survey was

prompted by the vegetation study. For a careful analysis of how the montane disjuncts fit into the local vegetation, it was desirable to have as much data as possible on elevational distributions. Although ar- bitrarily chosen, the 1200-m limit has some ecological merit. In practical terms, this lower limit eliminated much of the grassland, foothill woodland, and red- wood forest floras-reducing the survey to a manage- able size.

This paper reports the presence-or probable absence-of vascular plants on each of the study peaks. Plants listed in the literature, but which I could not find in the field, are also included. Elevational distributions for all species are suggested. To make the report more helpful to a diversity of users, individual species notes provide information on size, life form, plant community preferences, and other ecological features. Obvious taxonomic problems are summa- rized.

The scientific names follow Munz (1959,1968) or later monographs. These are essentially the same names used by Howitt and Howell (1964, 1973). Common names were adapted from central California references: Little (1953) for all trees; Howitt and Howell (1964, 1973), Thomas (1961), and Twissel- mann (1967) for most herbs and shrubs.

STUDY PEAKS

The northwestern Santa Lucia Range and the southeastern Diablo Range contain the most significant ridges above 1200-m elevation in the south Coast Ranges OTig. I ) . These two mountain units, with scraps of coniferous forest on tllem , are far removed from the montane regions that support well-developed mixed conifer forest. The Santa Lucia and Diablo areas lie more than 320 km (200 miles) south of the sizable high ridges in the north Coast Ranges of Lake County. Bot l~ areas are more than 150 km (90 miles) north of the 1200 m high ridges of the

Sierra Madre in Santa Barbara County. Forested slopes of the Sierra Nevada are about 130 km (80 miles) east of tile Diablo Range across the San Joa- quin Valley. The Santa Lucia Range in Monterey County has a number of peaks exceeding 1200m. Five of the most prominent ridges were selected for study fig. 2, table I). All these study peaks are within the Monterey Ranger District, Los PaGres Na- tional Forest. Geographic isolation between the peaks is minor; yet there are distinct climatic, floristic, and vegetational differences between them.

cone Peak Coulter's notes seemed to have disan~eared in Great

An outstanding characteristic of Cone Peak is its dramatic proximity to the Pacific Ocean (fig. I , table I). Few spots in North America can boast of a mountain this tall so close to the coast. The geology in- cludes exposures of ancient Pre-Cambrian rocks (table 1). Another attraction is the old-growth sugar pine forest along with many fine bristlecone fir colonies. The presence of these pines and firs may have prompted the officials at San Antonio Mission to send visiting European botanists there. In any case, Cone Peak did gain an interesting historical heritage with visits by David Douglas in March 1831 (Hooker 1836), Thomas Coulter in 1832 or 1833 (Coville 1895, Don 1837), Karl Theodor Hartweg in Septem- ber 1847 (Hartweg 1848), and William Lobb in 1849 (Ewan 1973, Veitch 1900). Unfortunately, Douglas lost his valuable field notes in the Eraser River, and

A.

Britain. No direct record of their work on Cone Peak is available except for several letters and their herbarium specimens.

Alice Eastwood was probably the first "Califor- nia" botanist to collect on Cone Peak. In June 1893, she hiked from the Kirk Ranch (Sec. 35, T. 21S, R. 5E) to the Dani Ranch (Sec. 9, T. 22S, R. 4E), crossing the Cone Peak study area somewhere near the summit of the present Gamboa trail (Eastwood nld). In her reminiscences of this trip, she mentioned sugar pine on the ridge. Eastwood (1897) later al- luded to this Cone Peak population as "the only grove of Pinus Lambertiana now left in these mountains." Unfortunately, her original notes and specimens were lost in the 1906 San Francisco fire.

Willis L. Jepson crossed the ridge north of Cone Peak in June 1901, and his interesting field notes are

Figure Z-Location of five study peaks in relation to the 1200 m (3937 f t l elevation in the northwestern Santa Lucia Range. Monterey County, California. These peaks are covered on the Chwvs Ridge. Cone Peak. Juniper0 Serra Peak. Lopez Point, and Ventana Cones 75-minute U S . Geological Survey quadrangles.

Table I - P ~ i o g r a p h i c and geologic information about fhe study peaks, Santa Lucin and Dioblo Ranges, California

i Distance Max~mum

ocean elevation

Cone Peak

Contiguous area above

1200 m

Ventnna Double Cone

Junipera Serra Peak

Chews Ridge

Predominant rock typesi

Pine R i d ~ e

San Benito Mtn.

5.3 1571 2000 Pro-Cretaceous schist, some limestone outcrops, Cretaceous sandstone (1,2,4,5,13)

9.8 1479 450 Mesozoic yanitics (1,3,6,7)

17.7 1787 2200 Mesozoic granitics, Pre-Cretaceous schist (1)

18.8 1538 2600 Pie-Cretaceous schist, very small ultrabasic outcrops, Miocene sandstone (1,7)

11.7 1513 1100 Mesozoic granitics, Pre-Cretaceous schist, Mesozoic ultrabasic "Iherzolite" with minor serpentlni- zation (1,3,6,7)

85 1597 10000 Mesozoic ultrabasics with much highly sheared serpentine (8.9.10.11.12)

' Sources are noted as fallows: 1. Hart (1966) 6. Pearson and others (1967) 11. Coleman (1957) 2. Reiche (1937) 7. Fiedler (1944) 12. Coleman (1961) 3. Wiebe (l970a) 8. Forstner (1903) 13. Compton (1966) 4. Wiebe (1970b) 9. Eckel and Myer (1946) 5. Wyatt (1973) 10. Walker and Griggs (1953)

still available (Jepson nld). He went from t l ~ e Avila Ranch (near Kirk's) to Dani's, probably on the same trail that Eastwood used. Jepson thought that this ridge must have been the point at which David Doug- las first found sugar pine and bristlecone fir. Joseph Burtt-Davy also visited Cone Peak in June 1901.

The study area on Cone Peak included "Twin Peak" and "High Square Peak." "Arroyo Hondo" and "Big Creek" were names used in early notes on the area north of Cone Peak. They probably refer to the south fork of Devils Canyon on contemporary maps.

Ventana Double Cone This peak in the Ventana Wilderness Area is char-

acterized by extremely steep and rocky slopes. Ven-

hike is now required to reach the summit, and the main ridge has a single access trail with few spots where the traveler is tempted to leave the beaten path. This region remains one of the least botanically explored spots in the Santa Lucias.

Although somewhat further inland, Ventana Double Cone has floristic similarities with Cone Peak. Both share many. rock outcrops and talus slope species. Ventana Double Cone is too roclo/ to have any well developed forest communities. The peak does support large numbers of scattered bristlecone firs. There is virtually no grassland on this ridge above 1200 m.

Junipero Serra Peak tana Double Cone was far too remote to attract early Good astronomical observing conditions were an collectors. In 1901, Joseph Burtt-Davy collected in early attraction to Junipero Serra Peak (formerly the Little Sur drainage and on "Ventana Cone," but called Santa Lucia Peak). Astronomers scratched a he probably was not on the summit. A 1918 U. S. trail to the summit in January 1880 to 0bsewe a total Forest Service map of the district still did not show a eclipse of the sun (Davidson 1882). Eastwood (nld) trail anywhere near the mountain. A 21-km (13-mile) claimed that observations from the peak were also

made on the transit of Venus in 1882. Interest in building an observatory on the summit continues to this day (Walker 1970).

In June 1893, Eastwood (n/d) climbed the "astronomer's trail" to what she described as the "top." Curiously, she did not mention the sugar pine forest on the summit in her reminiscences. In her note on Santa Lucia Range conifers, Eastwood (1897) stated that "Pinus Lambertiana is said to have been abundant formerly on the slopes of Santa Lucia Pealc, and a few trees are yet left." For someone who claimed to have been on the summit, her statement is rather unsatisfactory. She also suggested that much timber was removed from "Santa Lucia Peak" for construc- tion of Mission San Antonio (Eastwood 1897). I can find no basis for her claim.

William R. Dudley apparently collected plants on the mountain in May 1895. The unlogged sugar pine forest on Junipero Serra Peak was mentioned by Plummer and Goswell.' They did allude to some cutting of incense-cedars near the base of the peak, but gave no details. Jepson (n/d) visited the peak in September 191 1.

Although by far the tallest of the Santa Lucia Range peaks, Junipero Serra Peak appears to have a drier climate than the others. No long-term weather data are available. Walker (1970), an astronomer who spent several seasons on the summit, measured 51 cm (19.9 inches) of rain plus 93 cm (36.6 inches) of snow during the 1965-66 season. In adjacent regions this was an "average" season. In the wet 1966-67 season he measured 100 cm (39.4 inches) of rain plus 304 cm (1 19.7 inches) of snow.

It is a steep hike of 10 km (6 miles) up to the summit. The traveler may wander around easily enough in t l ~ e pine forest on top of the mountain, bitt the steep sides of the peak with dense chaparral discourage much collecting away from the trail. A vast area on the northern face of the mountain has not been botanically explored. The only "unmapped" spot on Hart's (1966) Monterey County geology map was in this region.

The large Pinyon Peak ridge just east of Junipero Serra Peak was not included in my survey. Pinyon Peak appears to be even drier than Junipero Serra Peak and has a rather limited selection of montane species.

Chews Ridge

Wiiam Brewer climbed the lower slopes of Chews Ridge in May 1861 (Brewer 1930). By 1890 Tassajara Hot Springs was accessible by road, and a few botanists stopped on the summit of Chews Ridge on their way down to the resort; e.g., A. D. E. Elmer in June 1901 and William R. Dudley in June 1911. Chews Ridge is now the only high peak in the Santa Lucia Range with a public ioad crossing the summit. Nu- merous collectors have been on the mountain in recent ymrs.

Chews Ridge and the contiguous Miller Ridge have highly developed hardwood forest and mixed oak- Coulter pine communities in protected spots. One unique feature of this peak is the extensive savanna with large valley oaks (Griffin 1975). Chews Ridge is the only study peak with clear evidence of Indian activity on the summit. There are some bedrock mor- tars for grinding acorns in the savanna. Chews Ridge also has far more patches of open grassland or potreros than the other study peaks. A series of tiny ultrabasic outcrops on Chews Ridge provide habitat for several xeric species, but they support no real "serpentine" flora.

The Hastings Natural History Reservation of the University of California lies at the northern base of Chews Ridge. Intensive plant collecting has been conducted in this vicinity since 1937 (Griffin 1974b). The Hastings collections make the record of Chews Ridge plants growing below 1200 m more complete than for the other study peaks.

Pine Ridge Pine Ridge lies within the Ventana Wilderness

Area, some 13 km (8 miles) from Chews Ridge by trail. The trail has been used for along time, but Pine' Ridge still has received little botanical attention. This peak has the only extensive old-growth ponderosa pine forest above 1200 m in the Sania Lucia Range.

The 80-ha (200-acre) ultrabasic plug that outcrops on Pine Ridge provides an interesting "serpentine" habitat (table I). This ultrabasic mass, however, is much less serpentinized than that on San Benito Mountain.

A group of marshy springs near Pine Ridge Camp adds a number of riparian species to the flora of this peak.

San Benito Mountain

'Slome, N. H. 1914. Resources and plan of operatioion of Within the Diablo Range the highest mountain Monterqv Natio,tal F O E S ~ . (Unpublished report on file, LOS unit centers on the Sari Benit0 Mo.untain-Santa Rita Padres National Forest, King City, Calif.) Peak portion of San Benito and Fresno Counties (fig.

Figure 3-Distribution of area above the 1200 m (3937 ftl elevation in the San Benito Mountain study area of San Benito and Fresna Counties. This peak is covered on the ldria. San Benito Mountain, and Santa Rita Peak 7.5-minute U.S. Geological Sutvey quadrangles.

3). Most of this ridge is now administered by the itation of the driest Santa Lucia Range peak. Yet Folsom District, U. S. Bureau of Land Management despite the lower rainfall, permanently flowing creeks (Griffin 1974a). Between 1907 and 1916, however, are more obvious near the 1200-m level on San

i this region was managed by the U. S. Forest Service Benito Mountain than in the Santa Lucias. as part of the Monterey National Forest.' William Brewer visited the mines and collected

Much of the past and present interest in the region plants on San Benito Mountain in July 1861 (Brewer stems from its extreme mineralization (table I). The n/d, 1930). Much of my study area on the mountain study area included the upper portion of a highly was within the upper "San Carlos" region of Brewer's sheared and altered ultrabasic plug which is some 22 notes. Eastwood (nld) collected plants between Her- km (14 miles) long and 6 km (4 miles) wide. The nandez and New Idria in May 1898, and William R. strange-looking landscape has huge patches of com- Dudley was in the area in late May 1899. Laura pletely bare, "slickentite" serpentine. Lathrop, a student of Dudley's, collected extensively

In 1853, Mexican prospectors located the Aurora in the area in 1902-1903 (Elmer 1906). Jepson (nld) and New Idria mines here. Commercial exploitation crossed San Benito Mountain in May 1907, and his of the New Idria mine came quickly, and it became notes vividly portray the barren serpentine patches the second most productive mercury producer in and the effect that logging for mine timbers had on North America. The entire region has been intensely the forest: prospected for mercury, chromite, and-most recent- The trees spoken of above are about 12 to 20 to the ly-asbestos. acre where there is stand. Great areas on the summits

Forest habitats are less productive on San Benito and ridge slopes are as barren as one's hand, not even

Mountain than on any of the Santa Lucia peaks. In herbaceous vegetation. These characteristic spots are

addition to the sterile serpentine soil, San Benito rotting sliding shale rack . . . The trees have been logged clean for the mines, even the Cinch stuff taken

Mountain has a drier climate-perhaps half the precip- for logging.

2~lummer, Fred C., and M. G. Gowsell. 1905. Foresf COIZ- In recent times the main botanical activity in the

dirions in the Monrerey Forest Reserve, Califorzia. Unpub- regi0n has been by those looking for lished report on liie, Los Padres National Forest, Goleta, endemic plant species, or by others interested in the Calif.) hybridization of Jeffrey and Coulter pines.

SAMPLING METHODS

In my floristic survey, the forest communities- particularly t l ~ e conifer stands-received the most attention. But I did collect in all types of vegetation and specialized habitats (table 2). Essentially all roads and trails above 1200-m elevation on each peak were visited. Tile more critical areas were sampled at several seasons during 2 different years. I left the trail system whenever topography and vegetation conditions pennitted. Notes were taken on study peak species down to the 600-m (1968-foot) level. Eleva- tions were determined wit11 barometric altimeter and topographic maps.

Numerous trips were made to the Santa Lucia peaks between 1972 and 1974. Probably I visited the largest proportion of the landscape on Chews Ridge. On Pine Ridge the study area included South Ventana Cone, but the dense chaparral prevented sampling on the main summit. Ventana Double Cone received the fewest visits.

Tally (1974) also collected on the Santa Lucia study peaks, and the material he gave me contributed significantly to this survey. His collections on Ven- tana Double Cone were especially helpful.

In t l ~ e San Benito Mountain region, my trips were scattered from 1971 until 1974. Here the area above 1200 m was too large to cover in detail even though the topography was more favorable than in the Santa Lucias. My greatest efforts were spent in and around the 600-ha (1500-acre) San Benito Mountain Natural Area which the U.S. Bureau of Land Manaeement has

cies to the San Benito flora, but sampling of the aquatic species in this pond was not complete.

Table 2-Conspicuous vegetation types and specialized habitats 011 tlle study,peaks, Santa Lucia and Dinblo Ranges, California

Mixed Evergeen Forest Hardwood phases:

Lithocarpus densiflorus dominant Quercus cl~rysolepis dominant

Mixed phase: Quercus chrysolepis, Arbutus menziesii, Pirtus coulteri

Coniferous Forest (may have understory o f Mixed Evergreen Forest) Nonserpentine phases:

Pinus lnmbertiana dominant Pinus ponderosa dominant

Serpentine phases: Pinus ponderosa, P. coulteri, Libocedrus decutrens Libocedrus decutrens, P. coulteri, P. feffreyi

Savanna Grassland with scattered Quercus lobata and Pinus coulteri

Potre10 Welldefined patches o f open grassland within the Mixed Evergreen Forest

Cllaparral Mixed phase:

Arctostapl~ylos glondulosa, Quercus wislizenii prominent

Chamise phase: Adenostoma fasciculatum dominant

u

established on the main ridge (fig. 3). The limited Serpentine phase: Quercus durata, Arctosrap~~yIosglauca prominent

areas of high-elevation nonserpentine soil in the San nj,,9r;,,m M3,,;,3+e -..= .-v.-.-

Benito Mountain study area were not accessible, and Permanent creeks, permanent spnngs, seasonal seeps, ver- tlle San Benito Mountain collections above 1200 m nal lakes were essentially all on serpentine. Spanish Lake @g. Habifats

3), a large serpentine vernal pool, added several spe- Outcrops, talus slopes, serpentine bald spots

FLORA OF THE STUDY PEAKS

The study peaks cover a large area with diverse geology and topography, but they support only a modest number of plant species. On all six peaks I noticed only 421 native and 28 introduced species above 1200 m. These numbers may be compared wi t l~ 465 native and 127 introduced species collected on the small 781-ha Hastings Reservation below Chews Ridge (Griffrn 1974b).

Of t l ~ e 421 native species above 1200 m, only 297 species apparently extend above 1400 m. Many of these species above 1400 m are rare or unimportant

in the vegetation. Table 3 lists the number of species in several elevational groupings on each peak. The large number on Chews Ridge reflects a wide range of habitats, including the species-rich potreros. The more intensive sampling on this peak also influenced the number. The small number of species on Ventana Double Cone is largely the result of the steep, rocky nature of the entire summit and the lack of grassland. Additional visits would add to the list, but the peak would continue to have the fewest species.

Few species are confined to the ridgetops. In the

Santa Lucias the montane disjuncts Chimaphila menziesii, Cycladenia humilis, Holodiscus microphyllus, Raillardella (muirii ?), and Sanicula graveolens seem

[ to have no significant populations below 1200 m. Most of the other montane forest disjuncts have broad elevational ranges. A few montane disjuncts in the Santa Lucias are found only below 1200 m. For example, the only colony of Cornus nuttallii is well below the study area on the east base of Cone Peak.

Although a large number of endemic plants are scattered about the south Coast Ranges, only a relatively few appear on the study peaks above 1200 m. Six Santa Lucia Range endemics which have substan- tial populations on the study peaks are: Abies brac- teata, Arctostaphylos hooveri, Galium californicum spp. luciense, Galium clementis, Lupinus abramsii, and Lupinus cervinus. Some other Santa Lucia Range endemics such as Chorizanthe vortriedei probably have a few plants above 1200 m, but I did not fmd them.

Four Diablo Range endemics on San Benito Moun- tain are: Camissonia benitensis, Fritillaria falcata, Layia discoidea, and Monardella benitensis.

The flora of San Benito Mountain had a greater overlap with that of the Santa Lucia peaks than anticipated. San Benito Mountain had only 43 species that were not found above 1200 m on the Santa

tional exploring on nonserpentine habitats above 1200 m in the Diablo Range would probably locate a few of these species.

The percentage of introduced species on these peaks seems to be relatively small (table 3). The majority of exotic plants are either trailside weeds or part of the grassland communities. One of the few introduced herbs appearing in the stable forest understory is Galium aparine.

Eight of the species on the study peaks have such a small total range that the California Native Plant Society (Powell 1974) and the Smithsonian Institu- tion recognized them as rare and endangered plants: Galium clementis, Galium califomicum spp. luciense, Lupinus cervinus and Raillardella (muirii ?) on the Santa Lucia peaks and Camissonia benitensis, Fritil- laria falcata, Lay ia discoides, and Monardella benitensis on San Benito Mountain. All these species should receive some type of administrative protection. No species known to occur on the Santa Lucia peaks has become extinct, but one vandal could destroy all known plants of the Raillardella in a short t i e . On San Benito Mountain, one of the rare species may be extinct. I know of no report of Fritillaria falcata since Jepson's original discovery, although this lily sunives in one other Diablo Range locality.

Lucia peaks. At least 1 0 of these species occur in th6 Some of the d~sjunct species-although common

I 1 Santa Lucias at lower elevations. Some 50 of the elsewhere in California-are endangered on the study more "mesic" plants of the Santa Lucia peaks seem peaks and should receive the same protection as the to be absent from the southern Diablo Range, e.g., rare species. The tiny populations of Cycladenia Acer macrophyllum and Alnus rhombifolia But addi- humilis are a good example.

Table 3-Number of species on tlre study peaks (limited to pla,tts occurringabove 1200 m on at least one peak]

San

Present above 1400 m: Native species Introduced species

Present above 1200 m: Native species Introduced species

Total species present above 600 m

Native taxa noted on only one peak

introduced species above 1200 m

Number of species

1 4 6 26 5 43

Percent

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APPENDIX Distribution of Plants

Key t o Symbols

Three e levat ional zones on each peak a r e indicated by t h e numbers heading t h e columns:

1 above 1400 m (4593 f e e t )

2 between 1200 m and 1400 m (3937-4593 f e e t )

3 between 600 m and 1200 m (1968-3937 f e e t )

Relative abundance of p l an t within an e levat ional zone is suggested by symbols:

C COWON i n su i t ab le , r e l a t i v e l y widespread hab i t a t s

U UNCOMMON o r a t l e a s t inconspicuous i n widespread h a b i t a t s

L LOCAL i n specia l ized hab i t a t s , such as wet spots o r rock outcrops

R RARE--only a few individuals seen i n any h a b i t a t

+ recorded from t h e l i t e r a t u r e o r a herbarium specimen; e levat ions usually estimated

. not seen, but in su f f i c i en t da ta a re avai lable t o make a s t rong case f o r t h e p l a n t ' s absence

- probably absent; t he re a re no records of t h e p lan t i n t h e region and the most promising h a b i t a t s a r e missing

" introduced; usually rudera l o r found i n disturbed hab i t a t s

A few species which could not he r ead i ly d is t inguished i n t h e f i e l d a r e combined f o r purposes of t h i s tabula t ion. In most cases v a r i e t i e s o r subspecies a r e not shown i n t h i s l i s t , but they a r e described i n t h e species notes.

Species

Abies b rac tea ta Acer macrophyllum Achil lea borea l i s Adenos toma f as ciculatum Agoseris grandif lora

Agoseris he teraphyl la Agoseris r e t r o r s a Agropyron p a r i s h i i Agropyron trachycaulon Agrostis exara ta

Aira caryophyllea * Allium bur lewi i Allium campanulatum Allium fimbriatum Allophyllum divaricatum

Cone Peak

123

CCC RUU . .U CCC UUU

...

.U.

. .+ --- . .L

... R.. ... --- ...

Ven . Doub. Cone 123

CCC . .+ . .U .CC . .U

...

...

. .U --- ,.. ... --- ... --- ...

Jun. Serra Peak

123

. .U RUU . .C CCC . .C

... . .U

... --- . .L

. .C --- R . . --- ...

Chews Ridge 123

. UC UUU UCC CCC UUC

.UC UUU CCC --- LLL

. .C --- U . . --- .R.

Pine Ridge

123

CCC . UU .R. .CC R.U

UU. ... .UU ... ... . UU --- UUU ... ...

San Beni to Mtn.

123

--- --- CCC CCC WU

...

... ... LLL .L.

... UUU ... UUU ...

Species

Allophyllum g i l i a i d e s Alnus rhombifol ia Amelanchier p a l l i d a Amsinckia in te rmedia Antirrhinum mult if lorum

Apocynum pumilum Aquilegia eximia Aquilegia fomosa Arabis brewer i Arabis g l ab ra

Ara l i a c a l i f o r n i c a Arbutus menzies i i Arceuthobium occ iden t a l e Arctostaphylos glandulosa Arctostaphylos glauca

Arctos taphylos hooveri Arctostaphylos pungens Arenaria doug la s i i Arenaria macrophylla Argemone munita

Arnica d iscoidea Artemisia douglasiana Artemisia dracunculus Asclevias c a l i f o r n i c a Asclepias e r i oca rpa

Asclep ias f a s c i c u l a r i s Aspidotis c a r l a t t a - h a l l i a e Aspidot i s densa Astragalus c l e v e l a n d i i As t r aga lu s gambelianus

Ast raga lus p u r s h i i Athysanus p u s i l l u s Avena ba rba t a * Avena f a t u a * Barbarea o r thoce ra s

Berberis d i c tyo t a Berula e r e c t a Bloomeria crocea Boschniakia s t r o b i l a c e a B r i c k e l l i a c a l i f o r n i c a

Brodiaea l u t e a Bradiaea p u l c h e l l a Bromus a r ena r iu s * Bromus car ina tus lmargina tus Bromus diandrus *

Bromus g rand i s l l a ev ipes Bromus mo l l i s * Bromus o rcu t t i anus Bromus pseudolaevipes Bromus rubens * Bromus tectorum *

Cone Peak

123

. u. . .L

. .L ...

.UU

... ---

. .L LLL . .U

. .L CCC R. . CCC . .C

RUU ...

UU . ... .R.

.R . . .L ... uuu ... ... --- --- --- ... --- ... .U.

UCC ... ... ... . .U ... .LL

... UUC ... UUU UUC

UUC UCC R . . ... UUU UU.

Ven. Doub . Cone

123

. .U ...

...

...

. .U

... ---

... L.. ... ...

CCC u.. CCC ... ---

. . . . . .U .* ... ... ... ... ... ... .., --- --- --- ... --- ... ... . .U ... ... ... ... ... ... . .L

R.U ...

U.U .UU

. .U

... ...

... RUU UUU

Jun. Se r r a Peak

123

.UU

.LL ... . .U

.UU

... --- . .+ ... . .U

. .+

.+U U . . CCC .UC

--- . .U

UUU ... . R+

...

.LL . .U UU. U.C

. .U --- --- --- ... --- . .R . .U . UC ... . .+ ... . .C ... . .L

...

.UC ...

. UC . .C

. uc . UC

... ...

. UC U.U

Chews Rjdge

123

. UU

.LL RR. . RC .UU

.UU ---

. .L

. .+ UUC

. .L CCC CCC CCC .UC

--- ...

UUU U. . ... U . . LLL mu ... CCC

R.R --- --- --- .uc

--- UUC UUC CCC .LL

...

.LL . .C ... . .L

UCC CCC . UC UUC UCC

CCC CCC CU+ .UR

UUC U.U

P ine Ridge

123

.R.

.LL ... ... ...

. UU

...

.L.

...

.LU

.LL CCC CCC CCC ... --- ...

UUU ... ... . .U .LL . .L

UU . .U.

...

... LL. --- ... --- ... ... . .C . .L

...

.L. . .U

...

...

.uu U W ... UUC .UU

UCC . uc .UC ... . w . UU

San Benito Mtn.

123

... --- ... . .U ... ...

LLL ... ... ... --- --- CCC ...

CCC

--- CCC ... ... . .U

...

... . .U UUU ... . .+ .+. ... .+. . .U

uu+ .U. . .C . uc ...

UUU ... UUU UUU ... ... . .C . UC .UU . UC

.U.

.uc ... ...

.UC U..

S p e c i e s

Calamagrost is rubescens C a l a n d r i n i a c i l i a t a Ca lochor tus a l b u s Ca lochor tus invenus tus Ca lochor tus sp lendens

Calochortus venus tus Calvcadenia t r u n c a t a Ca lyp t r id ium monandrum Calyp t r id ium p a r r y i C a l y s t e g i a malacophylla

Camissonia b e n i t e n s i s Camissonia c a n t o r t a Camissonia g r a c i l i f l o r a Camissonia h i r t e l l a Camissonia i g n o t a

Camissonia l u c i a e Camissonia micran tha Capse l la bursa-pas t a r i s * Carex alma Carex b o l a n d e r i

Carex g lobasa Carex m u l t i c a u l i s Carex s e r r a t o d e n s Carex subfusca C a s t i l l e j a f o l i o l a s a

Cas t i l l e j a m i n i a t a C a s t i l l e j a m a r t i n i i C a s t i l l e j a s t e n a n t h a Ceanothus c u n e a t u s / r a m u l o ~ Ceanothus f o l i o s u s

Ceanothus i n t e g e r r i m u s Ceanothus o l i g a n t h u s Ceanothus p a p i l l o s u s Centaurea m e l i t e n s i s * Cerast ium glomeratum * Cercocarpus h e t u l o i d e s C h e i l a n t h e s c o v i l l e i C h e i l a n t h e s g r a c i l l i m a C h e i l a n t h e s i n t e r t e x t a Chenopodium album * Chimaphila m e n z i e s i i Chlorogalum pomeridianum Chorizanthe d o u g l a s i i Chorizanthe membranacea Chorizanthe s t a t i c o i d e s

Chrysops i s v i l l o s a Chrsysothomnus nauseosus Cirs ium c a l i f o r n i c u m Cirsium prateanum C l a r k i a b o t r a e

Cone Peak

123

UUU UUU ... . .+ . .U

--- UU. . .+

;us . .U ---

UUU UUC UUU .R. ... UUC LL . +. . L+. ...

UU. . .U .UU .U. . .U

UUC RU . UUU ... ...

Ven. Doub . Cone

1 2 3

...

... . .L --- ... ... ... ... ... ... --- . .+ ... .U. ... ... ... ... ... ... .U. R.U ... ... ... --- UUU ... UCC ---

...

.UU

. UU ... ...

...

... ... LL . ... R.. ... . .U ... ... . .C R.. .,. ... . .U

Jun . S e r r a Peak

123

... ...

. .+ --- . .C

...

...

.R.

. .+

.UU

--- ... ... .UU ... ... .UU ...

L .+ ... ... +. . . .+ . .+ R .U

--- UUU . .+ . UC ---

CCC .,. ... . .U . .U

. UC RL . ... +. . ... ... . .C . .U . .U .UU

. .C

... . UU ... ...

Chews Ridge

1 2 3

. .L . UC UCC L .+ UUC

... UUU . .U R. . UUU

--- UUC .RU

UUU .UU

. UU

. .U . RU

.LL

. .L

.+U UU+ .LL .++ . .U

--- UC . ... . .C +. . CUU . UU UUU . .U .RC

U UU .LL ... L.. R.U

... UUC UUU .UU ..U

uuc U.+ UUU . .U . UC

P i n e Ridge

123

.L. ...

.CU UU. ... ... ... ... ...

UUU

--- ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .L.

.UC UUU .L. ... .R.

--- .U. .L. . .C ---

. UU UUC . UC ... . . U

...

...

.+. ...

...

... . .U UU . ... ... . .C ... UUU ... ..,

San Beni to Mtn.

1 2 3

... ... ... UU. ... RUC ... ... LU. .UU

.U+ . .+

...

.+U

...

...

...

... ...

...

..,

.,.

.L. ...

... LLL .UU ...

CCC ---

RRU --- --- UUC ... UUC ... --- ... R..

--- ... ... ... ... . .+ CCC . . , . UU -- -

S p e c i e s

C l a r k i a modes t a C l a r k i a purpurea C l a r k i a rhombaidea C l a r k i a u n g u i c u l a t a Clematis l a s i a n t h a

Clematis l i g u s t i c i f o l i a C o l l i n s i a c h i l d i i C o l l i n s i a h e t e r o v h v l l a . . Collomia g r a n d i f l o r a Collomia h e t e r o p h y l l a

C o r a l l o r h i z a maculata Cordylanthus r i g i d u s Corethrogyne f i l a g i n i f o l i a Cornus o c c i d e n t a l i s Cryptantha c l e v e l a n d i i

Cryptantha mariposae CrvDtantha mur ica ta *.

Cuscuta c a l i f o r n i c a Cycladenia h u m i l i s ~ ~ n a g l a s s u m grande

C y s t o p t e r i s f r a g i l i s D a t i s c a glomerata Delphinium nudicau le Delphinium p a r r y i Delphinium p a t e n s

Dendromecon r i g i d a Denta r ia i n t e g r i f o l i a Deschampsia e l o n g a t a D i c e n t r a chrysan tha Disporum h o o k e r i

Dryopte r i s a r g u t a Dudleya cymosa Eburaphyton aus t i n a e E l e o c h a r i s a c i c u l a r i s E l e o c h a r i s p a r i s h i i

Elvmus a laucus Elymus t r i t i c o i d e s Emmenanthe p e n d u l i f l o r a Epilabium minutum Epilabium paniculatum

Epilobium w a t s o n i i E p i p a c t i s g i g a n t e a Equisetum laev iga tum Equisetum t e l m a t e i a Er ias t rum dens i fo l ium

E r i e e r o n f o l i o s u s - Er igeron p e t r o p h i l u s E r i o d i c t y o n ca l i fo rn icum Er iod ic tyon tomentosum Eriogonum cavi l leanum

Cone Peak

1 2 3

... ...

.+.

.UU

.UU

...

. .+ ...

... . UU

... UUU ... ... ... --- UUU UU. U . . . .U

... . .L

.LL . UU ...

. UU ... . .L R.+ ... . .U LLL . .+ ... ...

UUC ... ... .U. ... ... ... . .L ... ... UU . LL . UUU . .+ ...

Ven. Doub. Cone

123

... . .U

...

...

. .U

...

...

. .U

... . .U

... UUU ... ... . .U

--- .U . .UU --- ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . .U

. .L L.. . .R ... ...

U .C ... ... .ULI ... ... ... ... ... ... ... UU. .UU ... ...

Jun . S e r r a Peak

123

...

... ...

. .C

.UU

.L . +. . . .U ,.. ... ... .UU ... ... ... --- .ULI ...

U . . ... ... . .+ ... . .U . .+

+UU ... . .+ . .+ ... . .U .LL ... ... ... .UC ... .R. ... ... .,. .L. .LL ...

UUU

.UU ...

.UU

.UU

...

Chews Ridge

123

U .+ UCC R.. UCC . .U

. .L UUU UUC UUU .U+

UUU UUU UUC .LL

U .U

--- UUU UUU --- .UC

. UU

.LL . .+ U.U .UC

. .+ . .C L .L . .+ RU . .UU . .L ... ... ...

UCC . .L . .U U.U U.C

.L. ... . .U

. .L UUU

UUU ... U UU UUU ...

Pine Ridge

1 2 3

...

... ...

...

...

.LL . U.

... ...

.UU

. .U U . . . .U . . , .U .

--- ... .U. --- . .U

.UU

.LL

...

. .+

.R.

...

.R. . .L ...

.UU

. .U

.LL . RR . . , . . , UCC ... ...

UU. ... .L. ... .LL .L . ... . .U ...

UUU ... ...

San Beni to Men.

123

...

.UU

... . .C

. .U

... ... ,..

... ... --- UUU ... ... ...

U.+ ... .UU --- ---

--- ... ... . .U R.U

... UUU ... . .R ---

--- ... --- L.. L . .

.UU

.L.

.R+

.UU . .+

... --- ... ... ... ... ... .UU . .U .C.

Ven. Sun. San Cone Doub. Serra Chews Pine Benita Peak Cone Peak Ridge Ridge Mtn.

123 123 123 123 123 123 Species

Eriogonum davidsonii Eriogonum elongatum Eriogonum fasciculatum Eriogonum g r a c i l e Eriogonum h i r t i f lo rum

.U.

.UU UUC

.U.

.UU UUU

UU. ... ... .U. ...

CC. ... . .U CC . ...

UUU CCC

... UU.

U.. .,. UUU +. .

Eriogonum nudum . .U Eriogonum s a x a t i l e L.. Eriogonum spergulinum ... Eriogonum umbellatum --- Eriophyllum confert if lorum CCC

. .U L.. ... --- UUC

. .U L.. +. . --- UCC

UUU . .+ ... --- UUC

UUU ... ... UU.

... CC.

UUC

Erodium cicutarium * .UU Eryngium ar is tu la tum ... Erysimum capitatum .U. Eschscholzia ca l i fo rn ica .UU Fes tuca rubra ...

UCC ... .UC L.. CCC .UU ---

UUU UUC

Filago californicum ... Filaga g a l l i c a * ... Fremontodendron californicum ... F r i t i l l a r i a f a l c a t a --- F r i t i l l a r i a lanceola ta ...

; .U ... UUU .+. ...

...

.U.

... --- UU.

F r i t i l l a r i a v i r i d e a --- Galium andrewsii ... Galium angus t i fo l ium UUU Galium apar ine * ... Galium californicum s. flaccidum UCC

--- ... U.. . .U UUC

--- . .U UUU . RU . .U

--- ... UUU UCC CCU

UUU UUU . .U

Galium californicum s . luc iense UUU Galium clementis UUR Galium n u t t a l l i i UUC Garrya flavescens/congdoni UUU Gayophytum heterozygum ...

RR. uu . . U. .u. ...

--- --- .UC UUU ...

--- --- UUC RR. UU.

U.. . UC

G i l i a a c h i l l e a e f o l i a G i l i a clivorum G i l i a splendens G i l i a t enu i f lo ra Gnaphalium beneolens

uu.

Gutier rez ia b rac tea ta Habenaria elegans Haplopappus squarrosus Helenium puberulum Hemitomes canges t u m

... RUU LLL ... ...

Hemizania panicula ta ... ... 3 Heracleum maximum Hesperolinon disjunctum --- Hesperolinon micranthum --- Heteromeles a r b u t i f o l i a .UC

Hieracium albiflorum CU . . .U ... U.. ...

U.. .UU ... R.. ...

CCC .UU ... ... ...

...

.UU R.. ... . .u

Hieracium argutum Holodiscus d iscolor Holodiscus microphyllus Hordeum californicum

Lathyrus v e s t i t u s Layia d i s c a i d e a Lepechin ia c a l y c i n a Lewisia r e d i v i v a Libocedrus decur rens

L i l ium pardalinum Linanthus ambiguus Linanthus androsaceus Linan thus androsaceus s. 11 Linanthus c i l i a t u s

Linanthus l i n i f l a r u s Linum l e w i s i i L i thocarpus d e n s i f l o r u s Lithophragma a f f i n e . - Lithaphragma h e t e r o p h y l l a

Lomatium dasycarpum . -

Lomatium macrocarpum Lonincera h i s p i d u l a Lonicera i n t e r r u p t a Lonicera s u b s p i c a t a

Latus a rgophyl lus Latus c r a s s i f o l i u s Lotus g r a n d i f l o r u s Lotus h u m i s t r a t u s Lotus micranthus

Lotus o b l a n g i f o l i u s Latus pursbianus Lotus s c o p a r i u s La tus s t r i g o s u s La tus suhpinna tus

Lupinus a b r a m s i i Lupinus a l b i f r o n s Lupinus b i c o l o r Lupinus c e r v i n u s Lupinus farmosus

Lupinus h i r s u t i s s i m u s Lupinus nanus Madia e legans Madia ex igua Madia g r a c i l i s

Spec ies

Hordeum glaucum * Hulsea heterochroma Hypericum formosum . . Juncus bufonius Juncus e f f u s u s

Juncus pa tens Juncus rugulosus Jun iperus c a l i f o r n i c a K a e l e r i a macrantha Lactuca s e r r i o l a *

Cone Peak

123

...

.+.

... . .L ...

... ... --- R.. ... uuu --- ... ... RUL

. .L --- UUU

. .U --- CCC ... . .U

... ... ... CCC ... UUU .UU .+.

U. . .UU

CCC ... . UU m ...

Ven. Doub. Cane

123

... ...

...

...

...

...

... ---

...

...

. UC ---

... ... ---

... ---

...

...

...

... --- CCC ... . .U

...

... R.. UUU ...

U. . UUU UUU ... . .U

... ... . .U ... ... UUU ... ... UU. .,. . .L . .C . .C ... ...

Jun. S e r r a Peak

123

... R.+ .LL . .U ... . .+ .L+ --- ... ..U

.UU --- . U+ ...

UUL

L.. --- . .U ... ... . .U --- . .+ ... . .U

. .U

...

... UUC ...

U .U UUU U r n . .U . .U

.LL . .U UUU .w ... ...

RRU . .C

U.+ . .U

.LL . .C +.C . .+ . .C

Chews Ridge

123

. .U

.R. ... L.U .LL

L .L .LL ---

UUC . .U

uuu --- W U ... ---

... --- CCC UU. .UU

U.. --- CCC U.C UUU

. .C U. . ... uuc. . .R

UUU UU. U . U UUU . UC

. .+ UUC UUC UUC .UC

CCU . .+ .CC . .+ UUU

. .L

.CC UCC . .u UUC

P i n e Ridge

123

... ...

.L.

...

...

...

... --- UUU ... . uu --- .,. ... CCU

.L.

... CC . ... ... .U. ... CCC . .U . UU

.u. UU. ... .UU ...

UU .U. ...

UU . .U.

.L.

.U.

.U.

.U. . . UUU ... ... .R.

U .U

...

... U .U .U. .u.

San Beni to Mtn.

123

. UU ...

... ...

...

...

...

. RU

.u.

.R.

... UUU ... R.. ccu

...

.UU

.CC ... ...

... UUU --- . .C . .U

.UU U.U --- ... .UC

...

... ... mu ... ... ... ... ... . .C

--- UUU ... --- ... ... ... ... ... ...

Species

Madia madiaides Malacothrix f l o c c i f e r a Malacathrix s a x a t i l i s Marah fabaceus Medicago polymorpha * Melica c a l i f o r n i c a Melica geyer i Melica h a r f o r d i i l a r i s t a t a Melica imperfects Melica s t r i c t a

Melica tor reyana Mentzel ia n r a c i l e n t a - Mentzel ia l a e v i c a u l i s Mentzel ia micrantha Mentzel ia pinetorum

Mentzel ia vea tch iana Micropus c a l i f o r n i c u s Microser i s l i n e a r i f a l i a Micros t e r i s g r a c i l i s Mimulus b i f i d u s

Mimulus c a r d i n a l i s Mimulus f lor ibundus Mimulus f remont i i Mimulus g u t t a t u s Mimulus p i l o sus

Mimulus subsecundus Mollugo v e r t i c i l l a t a * Monardella b e n i t e n s i s Monardella doug la s i i Monardella v i l l o s a

Montia p e r f o l i a t a Montia s p a t h u l a t a Muhlenbergia a s p e r i f a l i a Navarre t ia m e l l i t a Navarre t ia pubescens

Nemacladus s ecund i f l o rus Nemophila menzies i i Nemophila p a r v i f l o r a Nemophila p u l c h e l l a Nicotiana a t t e n u a t a

Oenothera hoaker i Orobanche bulbosa Orobanche f a s c i c u l a t a Orthocarpus purpurescens Osmaronia ce r a s i f a rmi s

Osmorhiza brachypoda Osmorhiza c h i l e n s i s Pa rnas s i a p a l u s t r i s P e d i c u l a r i s d e n s i f l o r a P e l l a e a andrornedaefolia

Cane Peak

123

... ...

.L.

.UU ...

...

... UUU UUU ---

... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... CCC

...

...

... ... ... UU. ... --- --- UUU

. UU ... --- ... ---

... . .U

.ft ... ---

... . .R . .R UUU ... ... . .U ... CU. . RU

Ven. Daub. Cone

123

... ...

...

. .U ...

... ... . .U UUU ---

...

... ... ... ...

...

... . .U ... UCC

...

. .L

... ... ... UUU ... --- --- . .C . UU ... --- ... ---

... ... ...

... ---

... ... ...

...

...

...

. .U

...

...

..U

Jun. S e r r a Peak

123.

. .+

. .+

.L. . UC

. .C

. .U ... ...

.UU ---

... ... ...

.UU

.++

... ...

.UC

... UCC

. .+ LLL ... .LL . .+ +. . ... --- --- CCC

.UC

... --- ... ---

.+. . .C

... ... ---

.L.

.R. ... . .C ...

...

.UU . .+ ...

.uc

Chews Ridge

123

.UU . .U

... UUC . UU U.U R.. UU . UUU ---

... ...

... . .U +. . R.. . .U . UC UUC CCC

.L. LLL . UU LLL ... ... ... --- --- CCC

UCC U.U --- U.U ---

... UUC . .C . UC ---

... . .R RRU UUC . RU UUU UUU ... . .C . UU

Pine Ridge

123

.U.

... ...

.U.

. .

...

...

.U. . UU ---

... ...

... ... ...

...

.U. ...

...

.CU

...

.LL

...

. .L

... UU . . . --- ... UUU

UUU .R. --- ... ---

...

. .U

... ... ---

... ...

... UU . ... . UU UUU ... . .C . .U

San Benito Mtn.

123

... CCC ... . .U . .U . UU --- --- . .U .R.

L.. . UU U .U ... ... ... ... .UU . UU ---

...

... UUU LLL L..

... L.. CCC UUU ---

. UU

.UU

.LL ...

. UU

...

.U. ...

... +. . ... ... . U+ . .C ---

...

...

.LL . .U ...

Species

Pe l l aea mucronata Penstemon b r e v i f l o r u s Penstemon c e n t r a n t h i f o l i u s Pensteman corymbosus Penstemon g r i n n e l l i i

Pens temon he terophyl lus Phace l ia brachyloba Phace l ia curvipes Phace l ia d i s t i s Phace l ia d i v a r i c a t a

Phace l ia doug la s i i Phace l ia egena/imbricata Phace l ia g r i s e a Phace l ia malvaefol ia Phace l ia ramosissima

Phoradendron j uniperinum Phoradendron vi l losum Pinus a t t e n u a t a Pinus c o u l t e r i Pinus j e f f r e y i

Pinus lamhert iana Pinus ponderosa Pinus s ab in i ana Pityragramma t r i a n g u l a r i s P lag iaba thrys nothofulvus

Poa annua * Poa h o w e l l i i Poa s c a b r e l l a Pa lygala c a l i f o r n i c a Polypodium ca l i forn icum

Polypogon monspeliensis * Polystichum munitum P o t e n t i l l a glandulosa Prunus emarginata Prunus v i r g i n i a n a

Psora lea c a l i f o r n i c a Psora lea macros tachya Pso ra l ea o r b i c u l a r i s Psora lea physodes Pteridium aquilinum

P t e r o s t e g i a drymarioides Pyrola p i c t a Quercus a g r i f o l i a Quercus chrysolepis Quercus doug la s i i

Quercus du ra t a Quercus k e l l o g g i i Quercus l oba t a Quercus turbinel la/dumosa Quercus w i s l i z e n i i

Cone Peak

123

UUU CCC CCC LL. ...

UUU ... ... ... ---

UUU UUU .R.

UUU ... ...

UUU .UC

CCC ---

CCC . UC --- UUU . .U

... ... UUU ... LLL

... UUC . .U

UU . ... --. . .L ... ...

UUU

... ... . .C CCC . . U

--- . .C . .U . .U .CC

Ven . Doub . Cone

123

UU. UCC . .C LL. ... ... ... ... ... ---

...

.UU

.RR UU . ... --- ... ...

CCC ---

--- .U. --- . .U ... ...

R.. .UU ... .L.

... UCC . .U ... ... --- ... ... . .L .UU

. .U ...

. .C CCC --

-- .U. --- --- .CC

Jun. S e r r a , Peak

123

CCC CCC CCC ... ... . .U .U. ... ... ---

. .U

. UU . .+

... ...

...

.UU . .U CCC ---

CU. --- . .C . .C ... . .L ... . .C ... . .L ... m U.U ... . .L --- .L . . .+ . .+

UUU

.UU +. . . .C CCC . .C

--- . . R . .C .UC

CCC

Chews Ridge

123

UUC CCC CCC . .f UU.

UUU R.U +. . . RU ---

.UU UUU ... .UU

UUU

--- . UU ---

CCC R--

--- RUU --- RUC .UC

L .U ... UUC ... .LL

LLL mu UUU . .+ UUU

--- .LL .LL

UUU CCC

. UU ...

.UC CCC . .C

--- UCC CCC . .U CCC

P ine Ridge

123

UU . .CU ... .R. ... . .U ... ... ... ---

.U. UUU ... ... ... ... . .R --- CCC ---

--- CCC --- UUU ... ... ...

UUU .UU .L.

... UUU . UU .R. . .L --- .LL .L. .R.

UUC

...

...

. .U CCC . .U

--- .CC --- --- CCC

San Benito Mtn.

123

...

. .U

. .C ... RR . .U. ... ... . .+ .U.

... mu ... ... ...

UUU UUU --- CCC mu --- --- UCC ... ... ... ... .UU --- ---

... --- ... ... + . UUU ... .,. ... ---

... --- ...

RUU .UC

CCC --- . .C .UC . .U

Species

R a i l l a r d e l l a (mu i r i i ? ) Rafinesquia c a l i f o r n i c a Ranunculus c a l i f a r n i c u s Ranunculus hebecarpus Rhamnus c a l i f o r n i c a

Rhamnus crocea Rhus d i v e r s i l o b a Ribes r o e z l i i Rigiopappus lep toc ladus Rosa c a l i f a r n i c a

Rubus pa rv i f l o rus Rubus urs inus Rumex a c e t o s e l l a * Rumex conglameratus * Rumex s a l i c i f o l i u s

S a l i x brewer i S a l i x sp . S a l v i a c o l m b a r i a e Sambucus mexicana Sanicula c r a s s i c a u l i s

San i cu l a graveolens S a t u r e j a mimuloides S c i r ~ u s m i c r o c a r ~ u s Sedu; spa thu l i fo i i um S e l a g i n e l l a b i g e l a v i i

S i l e n e g a l l i c a * S i l e n e lemmonii S i l e n e verecunda Sisyrinchium bellum S i t an ion h y s t r i x

S i t a n i o n jubatum Solanum u@el l i fe rum Solidago c a l i f o r n i c a Solidago gui radonis Stachys b u l l a t a

Stachys pycnantha S t e l l a r i a media * S t e l l a r i a n i t e n s S tephanomeria e l a t a Stephanomeria v i r g a t a

S t i p a cernua S t i p a coronata S t rep tan thus b r ewer i i S t rep tan thus glandulosus S t rep tan thus i n s i g n i s

S t rep tan thus t o r tuosus S t y l o c l i n e gnaphalioides Symphoricarpos mo l l i s Tauschia ha r tweg i i Thelypodium 1as iophyLlm

Cone Peak

123

--- ... ... ... CCC

UUU UCC ... ... ..L

. .L . .L ...

... ... --- . .L UUU UUU . .U ... . .+ ... . .+ LLL

...

...

...

... ... UU. . UU U W --- . .U . .L ... ... . .U .U.

... LLL --- . .+ ---

LL. ... RR. . .U ...

Ven. DO&. Cone

123

R.. ... ... ... UUU

RU. . UC ... ... ... . .L . .L ... ... ... --- ... . .U .UU . .C ... ,.. ... LL . LLL

. . , ...

... ...

...

. .U

.U. UUU --- . .U ... ... ... ... ... ... ... --- ... ---

U.. ... . .U ... .R.

Sun. Se r r a Peak

123

--- .R. . .C . .U CCC

UCC . UC U.. ... . .L ... .LL . .U ... ... --- . RL .UU UUU .UC

...

.L+ ...

... . .L

. .U U.+ . .+ . .U +. . . .U

UU. .UU --- . UC .L+ . .U ... ... . .U . .+ . LL --- ... ---

... ... . .U UUU .U.

Chews Ridge

123

--- . .U UUC .UU CCC

UUC UCC UR. . UU . LL ... .LL U.U U.U R.L

--- .RL UUU UUU UUC

... . .L

. .L

... LLL

.UC UU. R.R . .C ... CCC UUC UUU --- UCC

.LL

.UU

. .U

.U.

.UU

. .U

.LL --- UUU ---

... . .U W U UUU . .U

Pine Ridge

123

--- ... . .U ... CCC

. UC UCC .RL .U. .LL

.R.

.LL . .U

... ... --- . .L ... UUU .UU

RR . ... .L. ... LL . .U. UUU .R. ... .R.

UUU ... .W --- .U.

. .L . .U

... ... ...

... ... --- UU . ---

...

.U. . UU

.U.

...

S an Benito Mtn.

123

--- ... . .U ... UUC

UUU RUC --- ... ... --- ... ... ... ... LLL . .L . .U ... ... --- ... ... ... ... ... ... R.U LLL UUU

UUU . .U ... LLL ... .L. ... .UU ... . .U .UU ... .+. ... .+U

-- ... ... ... ...

Species

Thermopsis macrophylla Thysanocarpus curvipes Thysanocarpus l a c i n i a t u s Tr ichos tema lanatum Trichostema rubisepalum

Tr i fo l ium albopurpureum Tr i fo l ium c i l i a l a t u m Tr i fo l ium graci lentum Tr i fo l ium microcephalum Tr i fo l ium t r i den t a tum

Tr i fo l ium variegatum Tr iodanis b i f l o r a Umbellular ia c a l i f o r n i c a Ur t i c a h o l a s e r i c e a Ur t i c a urens * Verbena l a s i o s tachys V ic i a americana Vio la purpurea s s p . mohavensis Vio la purpurea s sp . purpurea Vio la quercetorum

Vulpia bromoides * Vulpia microstachys

woohwardia f i m b r i a t a Wyethia he l en io ide s

Yucca w h i ~ ~ l e i . . Zauschneria c a l i f a r n i c a Zigadenus f remont i i Zigadenus venenosus

Cane Peak

123

. .L . .U ...

.UU ---

.U.

...

...

. U.

...

.U. ... CCC ... ... ... ... --- ... mu

u.+ UU+ UU . . .L ...

UUC UUU .,. ...

Ven. Doub . Cane

123

. .U

... ...

... ---

...

... ... ... ...

... ...

.CC

...

...

...

... --- ... ... ... UUU UUU ... ... UUU .UU ... ...

Jun. Ser ra Peak

123

... . .U

.R.

.UU ---

. .U

... . .C . .C . .U

. .U

... UUU ... ... . .U ... --- U R . . .C ... . .U . .C LLL ... UCC U .U ... . .+

Chews Ridge

123

R.U UCC . .U . .U ---

UUC . UU . UC . UC UUC

UUC . .U CCC .LL +.U

UUU UUU L.. ... UUU

UUU UUU UUC .LL UUU

CCC UCC . .U ...

Pine Ridge

12 3

CCC ... ... ... ---

.U.

.U.

...

.U.

.U.

... ... CCC .LL ... ... ... UU. ... UUU

... UU . .U. . LL ... UUC . .U UUU ...

S an Benito Mtn.

123

...

. .C

...

...

.LL

...

...

...

...

...

... L.. --- ... ... . .U ... UU. --- UUU

. .C mu .UC --- ... .UC . .C ... .LL

Plants of the Study Peaks

~ b i e s b r a c t e a t a D. Don, b r i s t l e c o n e f i r o r i Santa Lucia f i r (P imceae ) .

Evergreen t r e e , conspicuous on f i r e re- s i s t a n t h a b i t a t s . The G r i f f i n and Cri tch- f i e l d (1972) d i s t r i b u t i o n map omit ted a smal l s t a n d on t h e no r th s l o p e of Juniper0 Se r r a Peak. Ta l l ey (1974) ha s conducted a d e t a i l e d study of t h e ecology of t h i s f i r . SANTA LUCIA RANGE ENDEMIC.

Acer macrophyllum Pursh, b ig l ea f maple (Aceraceae) .

Deciduous t r e e , mostly r i p a r i a n , bu t a t a l l e l eva t i ons s c a t t e r e d maples grow i n shady rav ines without any s u r f a c e water .

Achi l lea b o r e a l i s Bong. ssp . c a l i f o r n i c a (Pol la rd) Keck, yarrow (Compositae) .

Perenn ia l herb , s c a t t e r e d i n p a r t s of t h e open f o r e s t and savanna. On San Benito Mountain yarrow grows abundantly i n t h e c reeks , l e s s commonly on t h e dry s e rpen t ine uplands.

Adenostoma fasc icu la tum H. & A., chamise (Rosaceae) .

Evergreen, burl-forming shrub, dominates the d r i e s t chapa r r a l s l opes , usua l ly on south a spec t s .

Agoseris g r and i f l o r a (Nutt.) Greene, la rge- ( flowered agose r i s (Compositae) .

Perenn ia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n open f o r e s t and savanna.

Agoseris he t e rophy l l a (Nutt.) Greene, mountain dandelion (Compositae).

Annual herb, i n savanna and grass land .

Ayoseris r e t r o r s a (Benth.) Greene, spear- leaved agose r i s (Compositae) .

Perenn ia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n open f o r e s t and savanna, l e s s common than A . g r a n d i f l o r a .

Agropyron p a r i s h i i Scr ibn . & Sm., Pa r i sh wheatgrass (Grmineae) .

Pe renn ia l bunchgrass, widely s c a t t e r e d i n open f o r e s t , l o c a l l y abundant on edges of the Chews Ridge savanna. As Hoover (1970) suggested, var . l a eve Scr ibn . & Sm. i s not a u se fu l taxon l o c a l l y ; many p l a n t s with long awns and glabrous nodes f i t va r .

l a eve , bu t o t h e r p l a n t s i n t h e same popula- t i o n may have l ong awns and pubescent nodes; few l o c a l p l a n t s have c o n s i s t e n t l y s h o r t awns. The ,study peaks a r e near t h e no r the rn l i m i t f a r t h i s spec i e s i n t h e Coast Ranges.

Aqropyron trachycaulon (Link) Malte, s l ende r wheatgrass (Grmineae) .

Pe renn ia l g r a s s , commn a long t h e s e rpen t ine c reeks of San Benita Mountain. This g r a s s has n o t been repor ted from Monterey County, a t l e a s t n o t under t h i s name; i t might be p r e sen t on s e rpen t ine , f a r i t appears t o grow on s e rpen t ine i n San Luis Obispo County (Hoover 1970) and San Mateo County (Thomas 1961).

Agros t i s exa ra t a T r i n . , s p i k e bent (Gramineae) .

Perenn ia l bunchgrass, l o c a l i n wet s p o t s ; t h e two l o c a l v a r i e t i e s may be p a r t i a l l y s epa ra t ed geographical ly: (1) var . exa ra t a without awns, no t iced only on Chews Ridge; (2) v a r . p c i f i c a Vasey wi th conspicuous awns, more widely d i s t r i b u t e d , p a r t i c u l a r l y a t lower e l eva t i ons .

A i r a caryophyl lea L . , s i l v e r h a i r g r a s s (Gramineae) .

Small annual g r a s s , minor weed i n grass land . INTRODUCED.

Allium bu r l ewi i A. Davids., Burlew onion (Amaryllidaeeae) .

Bulb, no t repor ted i n the Santa Lucia Range u n t i l 1972, when Steven Ta l l ey found i t on a t a l u s s l o p e w i th in t h e sugar p ine f o r e s t on Cane Peak. Raven (1957) found t h e northern-most ou tpos t of t h i s southern S i e r r a Nevada and southern Ca l i fo rn i a spec i e s on San Benito Mountain. DISJUNCT, next popula t ion t o south is i n the S i e r r a Madre, Santa Barbara County. 31

Allium campanulaturn Wats., S i e r r a onion (Amazyllidaceae) .

Bulb, l o c a l l y common on s e rpen t ine out- c rops on Chews Ridge and Pine Ridge bu t no t confined t o s e rpen t ine . DISJUNCT, next popula t ion t o south i n the S i e r r a Madre, Santa Barbara County. 21

31 Smith, C l i f t o n . 1974. A f l o r a of the Santa Barbara Region. (Unpublished r e p o r t on f i l e , Santa Barbara Museum of Natura l His tory , C a l i f .) .

Allium fimbriatum Wats. va r . d iabolense Ownbey & Aase, f r i nged onion (AmarylZidaceae) .

Bulb, l o c a l l y common a n s e rpen t ine on San Benito Mountain, p r e sen t on lower e l e - v a t i o n s e rpen t ine i n t h e Santa Lucias , bu t not no t iced a n P ine Ridge s e rpen t ine .

Allophyllum divar ica tum (Nut t . ) A. & V . Grant, (Pozemoniaceae) .

Annual herb, r a r e above 1200 m i n d i s - turbed spo t s .

Allophyllum g i l i o i d e s Benth.) A. & V . Grant, s t r agg l ing -g i l i a (Potemoniaceae) .

Annual herb, uncommon i n d i s tu rbed s p o t s .

Alnus rhombifol ia Nutt . , white a l d e r (BetuZaceae) .

~ e c i d u o u s t r e e , important r i p a r i a n t r e e a t lower e l eva t i ons bu t uncommon along creeks above 1200 m .

Amelanchier p a l l i d a Greene, s e r v i c e ber ry (Rosaceae) .

T a l l deciduous shrub, uncommon i n shady rav ines o r c reek bottoms.

Amsinckia intermedia F. & M., common f i dd l e - neck (Boraginaceae) .

Annual herb, very minor p l a n t i n t h e grass land .

Antirrhinum mult if lorum Penn., s t i c k y snap- dragon (Scrophuzariaceae) .

T a l l sho r t - l i ved perennia l , widely s c a t t e r e d i n d i s tu rbed s p o t s i n t h e chapa r r a l bu t never common.

Apocynum pumilum (Gray) Greene, dogbane (Apocynaceae) .

Perennia l herb , not repor ted i n Monterey County u n t i l 1972, when I found i t i n open p ine f o r e s t s a n Chews Ridge, P ine Ridge, and L i t t l e P ines , probably s c a t t e r e d elsewhere i n t h e Santa Lucias i n p ine f o r e s t s . Rare elsewhere i n t h e south Coast Ranges (Hoover 1970, Thomas 1961).

Aguilegia eximia Van Hautte , Van Houtte columbine (Ranunculaceae) .

Perennia l herb, common on a l l t h e San Benito Mountain c reeks , s c a t t e r e d on

s e rpen t ine wet s p o t s i n the south Coast Ranges (Hoover 1970, Sharsmith 1945, Thomas 1961), b u t no t y e t repor ted f o r t h e nor thern Santa Lucias.

Aguilegia f o r m s a Fisch. , crimson columbine (RamncuZaceae) .

Perennia l herb , l o c a l i n non-serpentine wet s p o t s . Two v a r i e t i e s a r e repor ted i n Monterey County, t h e P ine Ridge p l a n t s a r e v i s c i d pubescent and f i t va r . hypolasia (Greene) Munz. (Howitt and Howell 1973).

Arabis breweri Wats. v a r . breweri , Brewer rockcress (Cruciferae) .

Low pe renn ia l herb, l o c a l on rock out- c rops .

Arabis g labra (L.) Bernh., tower mustard (Cruciferae) .

T a l l b i e n n i a l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n lower e l e v a t i o n grass land , bu t above 1200 m is uncommon i n seasonal ly wet, open spo t s .

A r a l i a c a l i f o r n i c a Watson, e l k c lover (AmZiaceae) .

T a l l pe r enn i a l herb, l o c a l i n spr ings and creeks .

Arbutus menzies i i Pursh, madrone o r P a c i f i c madrone (Ericaceae) .

Large evergreen t r e e , vigorous sp rou t e r , important dominant i n t h e mixed evergreen f o r e s t . The f i r e - s c a r r e d remains of one huge i nd iv idua l on Chews Ridge appeared t o have a dbh of about 3 m and an i n t a c t t r e e nearby was 152 cm i n dbh.

Arceuthobium occ iden t a l e Engelm., Digger p ine dwarf m i s t l e t o e (Viscaceae).

Shoot p a r a s i t e on p ines , l o c a l l y commn on Coul te r and Digger p ines throughout the south Coast Ranges; A . o cc iden t a l e , which is c lo se ly r e l a t e d t o A . campylopodum Engelm., does not usua l ly i n f e c t ponderosa p ines (Hawksworth and Wiens 1972). But some ponderosa p ines on Pine Ridge a r e i n f e c t e d with A . occ iden t a l e , which is common on ad jacent Coulter p ines (personal correspond- ence with F. G. Hawksworth, Feb. 22, 1974). The same s i t u a t i o n may e x i s t on San Benito Mountain where a few J e f f r e y p ines a r e i n f ec t ed wi th a dwarf m i s t l e t o e s i m i l a r t o t h a t an t h e ad jacent Coul te r and Digger pines. A . campylopodum (a s recognized by

Hawksworth and Wiens 1972) has n o t been repor ted i n t h e south Coast Ranges; they cons ider t h e A . campylopodum of Howitt and Howell (1964) t o be A . o cc lden t a l e .

i i

~ r c t o s t a p h y l o s glandulosa Eastw., Eastwood manzanita (Er icaceae) .

Burl-forming evergreen shrub, important i n the chapar ra l , dominant over Adenostoma an t h e h ighes t r i dges . This shrub is extremely d i f f i c u l t t o c l a s s i f y taxonomically (McMinn 1939). At low e l eva t i ons , a s near t h e Hast ings Reservat ion, t h e A . glandulosa complex may not be c l e a r l y i s o l a t e d from t h e more c o a s t a l A . tomentosa(Pursh) Lindl . complex, and a few shrubs on Chews Ridge may show t h i s A . tomentosa inf luence . Within A . glandulosa many t axa have been descr ibed which seem t o have l i t t l e geographic o r eco log i ca l s i g n i f i c a n c e an t h e s tudy peaks. P l an t s with g landular twigs and i n f lo r e s - cences approach va r . glandulosa, p l a n t s wi th only g landular i n f l o r e scences approach va r . howe l l i l (Eastw.) Adams, and t h e mostly non- g landular Dlants aDDraach var . cushingiana - . . (Eastw.) Adams. The nonglandular , somewhat canescent , p l a n t s were mapped a s A . canescens Eastw. by t h e Vegeta t ion Type Map Survey (Cr i tchf i e l d 1971) . No recognizable A . glandulosa shrubs were s e e n on San Benito Mountain, bu t i t might b e p a r t of d i f f i c u l t manzanita problems the re .

Arctostaphylos g lauca Lindl . , b igber ry manzanita (Er icaceae) .

i i T a l l nonsprouting evergreen shrub,

s c a t t e r e d i n t h e low e l e v a t i o n chapa r r a l of t h e Santa Lucias , very conspicuous i n chapa r r a l on s e r p e n t i n e i n t h e Diablo Range a t a l l e l eva t i ons ; most p l a n t s on t h e s tudy peaks appeared t o be var . puberula J . T. Howell.

Arctostaphylos hooveri Wells (Er icaceae) .

T a l l nonsprauting evergreen shrub, s c a t t e r e d i n f o r e s t and chapa r r a l south of Cone Peak, bu t a few h igh ly v a r i a b l e indi- v idua l s grow near t h e Gamboa t r a i l summit nor th of Cone Peak. They may be near t h e nor thern l i m i t f o r t h i s SANTA LUCIA RANGE ENDEMIC.

Arctostaphylos pungens HBK., Mexican manzanita (Er icaceae) .

Evergreen shrub, nonhurl-forming, hu t t h e branches r e a d i l y layer ,forming l a r g e

co lonies , conspicuous on San Benito Mountain serpent ine . This v a r i a b l e manzanita is uncommon i n t h e south Coast Ranges and appears i n mare t y p i c a l form south of San Diego. There a r e sugges t ions of hyb r id i za t i on between A . pungens and A . glauca on San Benito Mountain.

Arenaria doug la s i i F r enz l . , Douglas sandwort (CaryophyZZaceae).

Annual herb , s c a t t e r e d i n f o r e s t open- i ngs , l o c a l l y common on serpent ine .

Arenaria macrophylla Hook., large-leaved sandwort (CaryophyZZaceae) .

Low pe renn ia l herb, r a r e on the s tudy peaks. Uncommon elsewhere i n t h e south Coast Ranges (Bowerman 1944, Sharsmith 1945, Thomas 1961).

Argemone munita Dur. & Hilg . , p r i c k l y poppy (Papaveraceae).

Annual herb, uncommon i n d i s tu rbed s p o t s .

Arnica d iscoidea Benth., r a y l e s s a r n i c a (Compositae) .

Perenn ia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n f o r e s t and chapa r r a l on t h e summit of Chews Ridge; t h e study peak p l a n t s do not seem t o d i f f e r much from t h e c o a s t a l p l a n t s c a l l e d var . a l a t a (Rydb .) Cronquist .

Artemisia douglasiana Bess. , C a l i f o r n i a mugwart (Compositae) .

Large pe renn ia l herb, o f t e n r i p a r i a n o r near dry s t ream beds, bu t may be s ca t - t e r e d f a r from any seasonal ly wet s p o t s a s i n t h e Chews Ridge savanna.

Artemisia dracunculus L. , dragon sagewort (Compositae) .

Large pe renn ia l herb, d i s t r i b u t i o n s i m i - l a r t o A . douglasiana.

Asc lep ias c a l i f o r n i c a Greene va r . g reenei Woadsan, round-hooded milkweed (AscZepiadaceae) .

P r o s t r a t e pe renn ia l herb, uncommon on open rocky spo t s o r t a l u s s l opes . This southern S i e r r a Nevada and southern Cali- f o r n i a spec i e s is uncommon i n the south Coast Ranges (Bowerman 1944, Hoover 1970, Sharsmith 1945).

Asclepias e r iocarpa Benth., Ind ian milkweed (AscZepiadaceae) .

Perennia l herb , s c a t t e r e d i n grass land a t lower e l eva t i ons , uncommon above 1200 m, one colony under t h e sugar p ine f o r e s t on t h e summit of Junipero Se r r a Peak.

Asc lep ias f a s c i c u l a r i s Dcne., narrow-leaved milkweed (Asclepiadaceae) .

Perennia l herb , uncommon along dry creekbeds a t lower e l eva t i on , r a r e on a s e rpen t ine outcrop on Chews Ridge.

A s p ~ d o t l s c a r l o t t a - h a l l l a e (W. 6 G.) L e l l i n g e r (P ter idaceae) .

Small f e rn , one 1938 c o l l e c t i o n from San Benito Mountain; e i t h e r extremely r a r e t h e r e now o r perhaps e x t i n c t i n t h i s l o c a l i t y . (Smith 1975).

Aspidot i s densa (Brackenridge) L e l l i n g e r , Ind ian dream (Pter idaceae) .

Small f e rn , l o c a l on u l t r a b a s i c outcrops on Pine Ridge, uncommon'in the south Coast Ranges and usua l ly confined t o s e rpen t ine (Hoover 1970, Sharsmith 1945, Smith 1975) . This spec i e s has been placed i n t h r e e o t h e r genera: Cheilanthes, Onychium, and Pe l l aea .

As t raqa l us c l e v e l a n d i i Greene (Legwninosae) . Perennia l herb; Munz (1959) l i s t e d a

r i p a r i a n l o c a l i t y on s e rpen t ine a t 1400 m near San Benito Mountain. DISJUNCT, mainly a s e rpen t ine endemic i n Napa and Lake Counties.

As t raga lus qambelianus Sheld . , dwarf loco- weed (Legminosue).

Small annual herb , minor p l a n t i n grass land .

As t raqa lus p u r s h i i Dougl. va r . t i n c t u s Jones, woolly pod (Legwninosae) .

P r o s t r a t e pe renn i a l herb , uncommon on San Benito Mountain s e rpen t ine . Various forms of t h i s spec i e s a r e widespread i n dry

Athysanus p u s i l l u s (Hook.) Greene, sandweed (Cruciferae) .

Small annual herb , minor p l an t i n grass land .

Avena barba ta Brot . , s l ende r wi ld o a t (Grmineae) .

Annual g r a s s , l e s s common i n grass land than A . f a tua . INTRODUCED.

~ v e n a f a tua L. wi ld o a t (Gramineae).

Annual g r a s s , important dominant i n grass land . INTRODUCED.

Barbarea o r thoce ra s Ledeb., American winter- c r e s s (Cruciferae) .

Biennia l herb , l o c a l i n wet spo t s .

Berber i s d i c tyo t a J eps . , Jepson barber ry (Berberidaceae) .

Evergreen sub-shrub, widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n chapar ra l on San Benito Mountain b u t never common.

Berula e r e c t a (Huds .) Cov., water-parsnip (Umbelliferae) .

Perenn ia l herb , l o c a l i n wet s p o t s .

Bloomeria crocea (Torr.) Cav. v a r . aurea (Kell . ) Ingram, golden s t a r s (AmaryZZidaceae)

Bulb, unimportant o r absent above 1200 m except f o r s c a t t e r e d p l a n t s on San Benita Mountain.

Boschniakia s t r o b i l a c e a e Gray, Ca l i fo rn i a ground-cone (Orobanchaceae) .

Root p a r a s i t e , probably on Arctostaphylos, widely d i s t r i b u t e d bu t never common i n San Benito Mountain f o r e s t s w i th a manzanita understory.

B r i c k e l l i a c a l i f o r n i c a (T. & G:) Gray, Ca l i fo rn i a hr icke lbush (Compos%tae).

Law evergreen shrub, l o c a l on rock outcrops o r boulder p i l e s .

i n t e r i o r f o r e s t s of the West, bu t i t is r a r e i n t h e south Coast Ranges. DISJUNCT, Brodiaea l u t e a (Lindl .) Mort., golden

c l o s e s t popula t ion mav be i n upper Cuyama brodiaea (AmaryZZidaceae) . . . Valley, ~ a n t a ~ a r b a r a - County. 4/ ~ ~ l b , unimportant i n grass land .

Brodiaea pu l che l l a (Sa l i sb . ) Greene, b lue 41 Smith, C l i f t o n . 1974. A f l o r a of d i cks (AmarylZidaceae) .

t h e ~ a n t a Barbara Region. (Unpublished Bulb, s c a t t e r e d i n grass land and f o r e s t r e p o r t on f i l e , Santa Barbara Museum of openings. Natura l His tory , Ca l i f .) .

Bromus a r e n a r i u s L a b i l l , Aus t r a l i an chess (Grmineae) .

Annual g r a s s , minor i n grass land o r d i s t u rbed s p o t s . INTRODUCED.

Bromus c a r i n a t u s H . & A., Ca l i fo rn i a brome (Gmmineae) .

Shor t - l ived pe renn ia l g r a s s , widely s c a t t e r e d i n open f o r e s t s a t lower eleva- t i o n s , probably l e s s common on t h e s tudy peaks than B. marginatus from which i t may not be very c l e a r l y separa ted .

Bromus diandrus Roth, r i p g u t brome (Grmnineae).

Annual g r a s s , s c a t t e r e d i n grass land . INTRODUCED.

Bromus g rand i s (Shear) Hitch. , t a l l brome (Gromineae) .

T a l l pe r enn i a l g r a s s , widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n f o r e s t openings a t a l l e l eva t i ons , d i f f i - c u l t t o d i s t i n g u i s h from B. l a ev ipes . Hoover (1970) commented on the unsa t i s f ac to ry s epa ra t i on between the pe renn ia l bromes, p a r t i c u l a r l y B. g r and i s , B. l a e v i p e s , and B. pseudolaevipes . Bromus l a e v i p e s Shear, woodland brome (Gramineae) .

T a l l pe r enn i a l g r a s s , probably more common a t h igher e l e v a t i o n s than B. g r and i s .

Bromus marginatus Nees, mountain brome (Grmineae) .

Perenn ia l g r a s s , d i f f i c u l t t o d i s t i n - gu ish from B. c a r ina tu s . Hoover (1970) ass igned a l l t h e B. marginatus-l ike p l a n t s i n San Luis Obispo County t o e i t h e r B. c a r i n a t u s o r B. b r e v i a r i s t a t u s . The only brames on t h e study peaks ha i ry enough t o suggest B. b r e v i a r i s t a t u s were on San Benito Mountain.

Bromus mo l l i s L., s o f t chess (Grmineae) .

Annual g r a s s , probably the most important annual i n the grass land . INTRODUCED.

Bromus o r c u t t i a n u s Vasey v a r . h a l l i i Hitch. (Grmineae) .

Perenn ia l g r a s s , s c a t t e r e d i n open po r t i ons of the more product ive f o r e s t s .

Bromus pseudolaevipes Wagnan (Grmineae) .

Pe renn ia l g r a s s ; a few p l a n t s key ou t t o t h i s spec i e s , bu t they seem t o be an i n t e g r a l p a r t of t h e B. g randis complex.

Bromus rubens L . , red brome ( G m i n e a e ) . Annual g r a s s , s c a t t e r e d i n t h e grass-

land . This is t h e only in t roduced annual t h a t has any s i g n i f i c a n t popula t ion an the San Benito Mountain s e rpen t ine . INTRODUCED.

Bromus tectorum L . , cheat g r a s s (Gmmineae).

Annual g r a s s , widely d i s t r i b u t e d a s a t r a i l - s i d e weed a t h igher e l eva t i ons , no t important i n t h e grass land . The pubescent va r . tectorum is more common than t h e smooth var . g l ab ra tu s Spenner; t h e two v a r i e t i e s sometimes grow together . INTRODUCED.

Calamagrost is rubescens Buckl., p inegrass (Gmmineae) .

Perenn ia l g r a s s , l o c a l i n w e t s p a t s .

Calandr in ia c i l i a t a (R. & P.) DC. v a r . menzies i i (Hook.) Macbr., redmaids (PortuZacaceae).

Annual herb, unimportant i n grass land above 1200 m.

Calochortus a lbus Dougl., white g lobe- l i ly (LiZiaceae) .

Bulb, s c a t t e r e d i n open f o r e s t s and savanna; pink c o l o r s may be more conspicuous i n the c o r o l l a s of p l a n t s c l o s e r t o t h e coas t , bu t var . r u b e l l u s Greene seems t o be a vague e n t i t y .

Calochortus invenus tus Greene, p l a i n mariposa (L i l i a ceae ) .

Bulb, uncommon i n chapa r r a l and f o r e s t on s e rpen t ine on San Benito Mountain and Pine Ridge; t h e few p l a n t s on the summit of Chews Ridge seem t o be on smal l s e rpen t ine outcrops . Uncommon elsewhere i n the south Coast Ranges on s e rpen t ine (Sharsmith 1945); more common i n the southern S i e r r a Nevada and southern C a l i f o r n i a .

Calochortus splendens Dougl., l i l a c mariposa (LiZiaceae) .

Bulb, s c a t t e r e d i n open f o r e s t and savanna.

Calochortus venustus Dougl., b u t t e r f l y mariposa (LiZiaceae) .

Bulb, uncommon i n chapa r r a l and grassland on San Benito Mountain s e rpen t ine .

Calycadenia t r unca t a D C . , rosinweed (Compositae) .

Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d i n grass land and savanna.

Calyptr idium monandrum Nutt. , common ca lypt r id ium (Portuzacaceae) .

Annual herb, r a r e i n chapar ra l .

Calyptr idium p a r r y i Gray (PortuZacaceae) . Annual herb. r a r e i n d i s tu rbed soo t s :

Camissonia l u c i a e Raven (Onagraceae).

Annual herb , uncommon i n rocky s p o t s . (Raven 1969).

Camissonia micrantha Raven (Onagraoeae).

Annual herb, uncommon i n d i s tu rbed s p o t s . The spec i e s r e l a t e d t o C. micrantha a r e d i f - f i c u l t t o d i s t i n g u i s h i n t h e f i e l d ; C. intermedia Raven may have been overlooked o r mistaken f a r C . micrantha o r C. h i r t e l l a . (Raven 1969).

Capse l la bursa-pas tor i s (L .) Medicus., shepherd's purse (Cruciferae) .

Annual herb, r a r e i n grass land . INTRODUCED.

. , t h e few p l a n t s c o l l e c t e d on Chews Ridge d id Carex alma Bai ley (Cyperaceae). not seem t o f i t the south Coast Range v a r . hessae Thomas verv wel l . and the ~ l a n t s Perennia l sedge, l o c a l i n wet s p o t s .

around Spanish Lake ( f i g . 3) suggested the montane C. roseum Wats. Carex holander i Olney (Cyperaceae) . Calys teg ia malocophylla (Greene) Munz s s p . p e d i c e l l a t a (Jeps .) Munz (ConvoZvuZaceae) .

P r o s t r a t e , pe r enn i a l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n rocky por t ions of t h e grass land and savanna.

Camissonia b e n i t e n s i s Raven (Onagmceae)

Small annual herb, s c a t t e r e d on s e v e r a l s e rpen t ine a l l u v i a l t e r r a c e s on San Benito Mountain, l i s t e d a s a r a r e and endangered spec i e s by the C a l i f o r n i a Native P l an t Socie ty (Powell 1974). It should r ece ive high p r i o r i t y f o r admin i s t r a t i ve p ro t ec t i on . SAN BENITO MOUNTAIN ENDEMIC. (Raven 1969).

Camissonia con to r t a (Dougl.) Kearney (Onagmceae) .

Small annual herb, unimportant i n grassland above 1200 m. (Raven 1969).

Camissonia g r a c i l i f l o r a (H. & A,) Raven (Onagraceae) .

Annual herb, r a r e i n grass land above 1200 m. (Raven 1969).

Camissonia h i r t e l l a (Greene) Raven (Onoagraceae) .

Annual herb , s c a t t e r e d i n d i s tu rbed s p o t s i n chapar ra l . (Raven 1969).

camissonia i gno t a (Jeps.) Raven (Onagraceae).

Annual herb , uncommon i n rocky s p o t s i n chapa r r a l and grass land . (Raven 1969).

Pe renn ia l sedge, l o c a l i n w e t s po t s .

Carew globosa Boott . , round-fruited sedge (Cyperaceae) .

Perenn ia l sedge, s c a t t e r e d i n shady, rocky spo t s i n f o r e s t .

Carex mu l t i oau l i s Bailey (Cyperaceae) . Perenn ia l sedge, widely s c a t t e r e d i n

t h e f o r e s t , not a t a l l r i p a r i a n . DISJUNCT, next popula t ion t o t h e no r th may be Howell Mountain, Napa County--to t h e south i n t h e San Rafae l Mountains, Santa Barbara County. 21

Carew se r r a todens W. Boot t . , b i f i d sedge (Cyperaceae) .

Local i n w e t p l ace s .

Carex subfusca W . Boott . , r u s t y sedge (Cyperaceae) .

Perenn ia l sedge, l o c a l i n wet s p o t s .

C a s t i l l e j a f o l i o l o s a H . & A., woolly pa in ted cup (ScropuZariaceae).

Evergreen sub-shrub, s c a t t e r e d i n chapar ra l .

51 Smith, C l i f t o n . 1974. A f l o r a of t h e Santa Barbara Region. (Unpublished r epo r t on f i l e , Santa Barbara Museum of Natura l His tory , Ca l i f . ) .

C a s t i l l e j a miniata Dougl., grea t red paintbrush (ScrophuZariaceae) .

Perennial herb, conspicuous along a l l

i San Benito Mountain serpent ine creeks. Rare elsewhere i n the south Coast Ranges, next repor t t o t h e north is an ex t inc t stand a t Russ Gardens marsh, San Francisco (Thomas 1961)--to the south on the Ocean0 sand dunes, San Luis Obisqo County (Hoover 1970).

C a s t i l l e j a mar t in i i Abrams, Indian paintbrush (ScrophuZariaceae) .

Perennial herb, widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n the more open f o r e s t and savanna. (Howitt and Howell 1973).

C a s t i l l e j a stenantha Gray, large-flowered Indian paintbrush (ScrophuZariaceae).

Annual herb, l o c a l i n wet spots .

Ceanothus cuneatus (Hook.) Nutt . , buckbrush ( R h m c e a e ) .

Nonsprouting evergreen shrub, common i n the more i n t e r i o r chaparral . This small- leaved, white-flowered shrub is not very c l e a r l y separated from C. ramulosus.

Ceanothus fo l iosus Parry var. medius McMinn, wavyleaf ceanothus (Rhamnaceae).

Nonsprouting evergreen shrub, uncommon i n chaparral of south Coast Ranges (Hoover 1970, Thomas 1961); t h e only r epor t from the study peaks was by McMinn (1939) on the summit of Chews Ridge. I have not been able t o f ind t h e Chews Ridge shrubs.

ceanothus integerrimus H. & A. , deerbrush (Rhanmnceae) .

Sprouting deciduous shrub, widely dis- t r ibu ted i n the f o r e s t and the more mesic por t ions of the chaparral .

Ceanothus o l iganthus Nutt . , ha i ry ceanothus (Rhanmnceae) .

Evergreen shrub, d i f f i c u l t t o d i s t i n - guish t h e southern Cal i fornia C. ol iganthus from the northern Cal i fornia C. soredia tus . There seems to b e no r e a l d i f ference between Monterey County p lan t s tha t have been i d e n t i f i e d a s e i t h e r species . Hoover (1970) t r ea t ed C. so red ia tus a s a var. of C. 01 iganthus.

Ceanothus papi l losus T. & G . var . papi l losus wartleaf ceanothus. (Rhamnaceae).

Evergreen shrub, widely sca t t e red i n the chaparral .

Ceanothus ramulosus (Greene) McMinn, coast ceanothus (Rhormzaceae) .

Nonsprouting evergreen shrub; t h i s vigorous, large-leaved, pale-blue-flowered shrub seems to he a coas ta l form of t h e more i n t e r i o r white-flowered C. cuneatus. Hoover (1970) t r ea t ed C. ramulosus a s a color form of C. cuneatus, but t h e Monterey County c. ramulosus seems to have same geographic separa t ion from C. cuneatus.

Ceanothus so red ia tus (see C. ol iganthus)

Centaurea me l i t ens i s L . , Tocalote (Compositae) . Annual herb, minor weed i n grassland.

INTRODUCED.

Cerastium glomeratum Thui l l . , mouse-ear chickweed (CaryophyZZaceae) .

Annual herb, unimportant i n grassland. INTRODUCED.

Cercocarpus betuloides Nutt., Ca l i fo rn ia mountain-mahogany (Rosaeeae) .

Sprouting evergreen shrub o r small t r e e , widely sca t t e red i n t h e chaparral bu t seldom dominant. Hoover (1970) t r ea ted a l l t h e southern Santa Lucia Range shrubs as pa r t of th ree var . of C. mntanus Raf. o r a s c. minutif lorus Abrams. A l l t h e shrubs examined on the study peaks seemed t o f i t i n t o a s i n g l e species .

Cheilanthes c o v i l l e i Maxon, Covi l le l ip- fern (Pteridaceae) .

Small f e rn , l o c a l on rock outcrops, uncommon i n south Coast Ranges (Hoover 1970).

Cheilanthes graci l l ima D. C . Eaton, lace- f e r n (Pteridaceae) .

Small f e rn , l o c a l on rock outcrops. Un- common i n south Coast Ranges (Sharsmith 1945); t h e Santa Lucias a r e the southern l i m i t i n the Coast Ranges.

Chei lan thes i n t e r t e x t a (Maxon) Maxon, c o a s t a l l i p - f e rn (P ter idaceae) .

Small f e r n , l o c a l on rock outcrops . Uncommon i n t h e south Coast Ranges (Bowerman 1944, Sharsmith 1945, Thomas 1961); i t is d i f f i c u l t t o s e p a r a t e some specimens of t h i s spec i e s from C. c o v i l l e i .

C h e n o p d i m album L. , whi te pigweed (Chenopodiaceae).

Annual herh, r a r e weed i n d i s tu rbed spo t s . INTRODUCED.

Ch imph i l a menzies i i (R. Br.) Spreng., western p ips iss iwa (PyroZaceae).

Uncommon i n rocky s p o t s i n f o r e s t . DISJUNCT, next popula t ion t o t h e nor th may be i n Napa County--to t h e south i n t h e San Gabr ie l s , Los Angeles County.

Chlorogal um pomeridianum (DC .) Kunth, soap- root (LiZiaceae) .

Bulb, s c a t t e r e d i n grass land .

Chorizanthe doug la s i i Benth., Douglas spine- f lower (PoZygonaceae) .

Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d i n grass land , p a r t i c u l a r l y i n ba re s p o t s o r d i s t u rbed a r ea s a s along t r a i l s .

Chorizanthe munbranacea Benth., p ink spine- f lower (PoZygonaeeae) .

Annual herh, s c a t t e r e d i n grass land .

Chorizanthe s t a t i c o i d e s Benth., Turkish rugging (PoZygonaceae).

Annual herb, uncommon i n d i s tu rbed o r open spo t s .

Chrysopsis v i l l o s a (Pursh) Nut t . , h a i r y golden-aster (Compositae) .

Perenn ia l herh, s c a t t e r e d i n rocky po r t i ons of grass land and savanna.

Chrysothamr~us nriuseosus ( P a l l . ) R r i r r a n , rabbicbrush (Composiure) .

Shrub, p a r t l y l e a f l e s s by l a t e summer, two d i s t i n c t forms on t h e study peaks:

1. Ssp. mhavens i s Ha l l & Clem. This form wi th g landular twigs is common i n open s p a t s on t h e San Benito Mountain serpent ine , on Chews Ridge i t is l o c a l l y common i n savanna along t h e summit on, o r near , t h e

smal l s e rpen t ine outcrops . Uncommon e l s e - where i n t h e south Coast Ranges (Sharsmith - . 1945).

2 . Ssp. a l b i c a u l i s (Nutt.) Ha l l & Clem. This form wi th tomentose twigs is r a r e i n widely separa ted rocky s p o t s , sometimes on s e rpen t ine a s on P ine Ridge. Not previously repor ted f o r t h e south Coast Ranges.

C i r s i m cal ifornicum Gray, Bigelow t h i s t l e (Compositue) .

T a l l annual o r b i e n n i a l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n open f o r e s t and savanna.

Cirsium proteanum J. T. Howell, red t h i s t l e (Compositue) .

T a l l annual o r b i e n n i a l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n lower e l e v a t i o n o r more i n t e r i o r h a b i t a t s than C. ca l i forn icum.

C la rk i a b o t t a e (Spach) Lewis & Lewis, h i l l c l a r k i a (Onagmceae).


Clark ia modesta Jeps. , modest c l a r k i a (Onagraceae) .

Annual herb, uncommon i n savanna.

Clark ia purpurea (Curt .) Nels. & Macbr. s sp . quadrivulnera (Dougl .) Lewis & Lewis (Onagmceae) .

Annual herb, widely s c a t t e r e d i n grass- l and and savanna.

C la rk i a rhomboidea Dougl. (Onagmceae).

Annual herb , r a r e i n savanna.

Clark ia unguiculata L ind l . , canyon c l a r k i a (Onagraceae) .

Annual herb, widely s c a t t e r e d i n open f o r e s t and savanna.

Clematis l a s i a n t h a Nutt. , pipestem (RanuncuZaceae).

Deciduous woody v ine , s c a t t e r e d i n chapar ra l .

Clematis l i g u s t i c i f o l i a Nut t . , Yerba de Chivata. (RanucuZaceae) .

Deciduous woody v ine , l o c a l i n canyon bottoms and r i p a r i a n h a b i t a t s .

C o l l i n s i a c h i l d i i Par ry , Child blue-eyed- nary (ScrophuZariaceae) .

Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d i n f o r e s t .

C o l l i n s i a he terophyl la Buis t . , Chinese- houses (Scrophulariaceae) .

Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d i n savanna.

Collomia g r and i f l o r a Dougl., large-f lowered collomia (Polemoniaceae) .

Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d i n savanna.

Collomia he terophyl la Dougl., varied-leaved collamia (Polemoniaceae) .

Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d i n f o r e s t

Cora l lorh iza maculata Raf., s p o t t e d c o r a l r oo t (Orchidaceae).

Saprophytic herb , s c a t t e r e d from Chews Ridge t o P ine Ridge under t h e denses t f o r e s t , seems t o be missing from many "promising" mesic f o r e s t h a b i t a t s i n t h e Santa Lucias , next popula t ion t o t h e south o r sou theas t probably i n Kern County (Twisselmann 1967).

Cordylanthus r i g i d u s (Benth.) Jeps . , b i r d s beak (Scrophular iaceae) .

Annual herb, widely s c a t t e r e d i n open rocky spo t s , sometimes a s a t r a i l - s i d e weed.

corethrogyne f i l a g i n i f o l i a (H. & A.) Nut t . , common carethrogyne (Compositae) .

i Perennia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n grass land and savanna.

Cornus o c c i d e n t a l i s (T. & G.) Cov., wes tern c reek dogwood (Cornaceae) .

Large deciduous shrub, r a r e i n wet spo t s above 1200 m.

Cryptantha c l e v e l a n d i i Greene var . f l o ro sa J t n . (Boraginaceae) .

Annual herb .

Cryptantha mariposae J t n . (Boraginaceae).

Annual herb, uncommon on San Benita Mountain s e rpen t ine .

Cryptantha muricata (H. & A.) Nels . h Macbr. var . j o n e s i i (Gray) J t n . , (Boraginaceae) .

Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d i n open and d i s tu rbed spo t s .

cuscuta c a l i f o r n i c a H . & A., C a l i f o r n i a dodder (Cuscutuceae) .

P a r a s i t i c herbaceous v ine , widely s c a t t e r e d on a v a r i e t y of hos ts : o t h e r spec i e s of dodder may have been confused wi th t h i s spec i e s o r overlooked. ,.

Cycladenia humi l i s Benth. v a r . venusta (Eastw.) Woodson (Apocynaceae) .

Low pe renn ia l herb; one colony on t h e summit of Junipero Se r r a Peak ( t h e type l o c a l i t y f o r t h i s va r . ) and t h r e e t i n y co lonies around t h e head of South Devi l s Canyon on Cone Peak a r e known i n t h e Santa Lucias . DISJUNCT, c l o s e s t popula t ion of va r . humi l i s t o t h e nor th is i n Napa County-- t o t h e south t h e c l o s e s t record of t h i s southern Ca l i fo rn i a v a r . venusta is i n t h e upper Cuyama Valley, Ventura County. 61

Cynoglossum grande Dougl., western hounds- tongue (Boraginaceae).

Perennia l herb , unimportant i n f o r e s t above 1200 m.

Cys top t e r i s f r a g i l i s (L.) Bernh., b r i t t l e f e r n (Aspidiaceae) .

Small f e r n , l o c a l on shady rock outcrops.

Datisca glomerata (P re s l ) B a i l l . , Durango roo t (Datiscaceae) .

T a l l pe r enn i a l herb, l o c a l i n wet spo t s .

Delphinium nudicaule T . & G . , r e d l a rk spu r (RanuncuZaceae) .

Perennia l herb , l o c a l i n shady, rocky s p o t s with some wet spo t s .

Delphinium p a r r y i Gray, Parry l a rk spu r (RanuncuZaceae) .

Perennia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n f o r e s t and savanna.

Delphinium pa t ens Benth., coas t l a rk spu r (RanuncuZaceae) .

Perennia l herb, unimportant i n f o r e s t and savanna above 1200 m.

61 Smith, C l i f t o n . 1974. A f l o r a of t h e Santa Barbara Region. (Unpublished r epo r t an f i l e , Santa Barbara Museum of Natura l His tory , C a l i f . ) .

Dendromecon r ~ g i d a Benth., bush POPPY (Papavemceae) .

Evergreen shrub, s c a t t e r e d i n chapa r r a l .

Dentarza ~ n t e g r i f o l l a Nutt. , milkmaids (Cmcciferae) .

Perennra l herb . Var . cuneata (Greene) 3 . T. Howell is s c a t t e r e d i n t h e p ine f o r e s t on San Benito Mountain. Var. s l n u a t a (Greene) is r a r e i n c reek on Pine Ridge. Var. c a l l f o r n i c a (Nut t , ) Jepson is common i n t h e mixed evergreen f o r e s t a t lower e l e v a t i o n s i n the Santa Lucias but may not reach 1200 m elevatxon.

Deschampsla e longata (Hook.) Munra, s l ende r h a i r g r a s s (Gmmineae) .

Perenn ia l g r a s s , l o c a l i n wet s p o t s .

Dicentra chrysantha (H. & A.) Walp., golden ear-drops ( F w r i a c e a e ) .

Perenn ia l herb , uncommon i n widely s epa ra t ed rocky s p o t s .

Disporum hookeri (Torr.) Nichols . , f a i r y b e l l s (Li t iaceae) .

Perennia l herb , unimportant i n f o r e s t abave 1200 m.

Dryopter i s a rgu t a (Kaulf.) Maxon, c o a s t a l wood f e r n (Aspidiaceae) .

Perennia l f e r n , unimportant i n f o r e s t abave 1200 m.

Dudleya cymosa (Lem.) B r i t t . & Rose s s p . minor (Rose) Moran, (CrassuZaceae).

Succulent pe renn i a l herb, l o c a l on rock outcrops; va r i ab l e , more than one subspecies may b e involved.

Eburophyton a u s t i n a e (Gray) He l l e r , phantom orchid (Orchidaceae).

Saprophytic herb, r a r e an t h e study peaks, r a r e elsewhere i n t h e south Coast Ranges (Thomas 1961), next popula t ion to t h e south may be i n t h e San Bernardino Mountains.

E leochar i s a c i c u l a r i s (L.) R. & S. v a r . b e l l a P iper , needle spikerush (Cyperaceae) .

Tiny annual herb, abundant i n Spanish Lake ( f i g . 3 ) , popula t ion seems t o be t h e annual montane form of t h i s widely d i s t r i - buted marsh spec i e s .

E leochar i s p a r i s h i i B r i t t . (Cyperaceae).

Pe renn ia l herb , abundant i n Spanish Lake ( f i g . 3) . (Twisselmann 1967) . Elymus glaucus Buckl., western ryegrass (Gramineae) .

T a l l pe r enn i a l g r a s s , widespread i n t h e more open po r t i ons of the f o r e s t . A v a r i a b l e spec i e s , t h e pubescent form s sp . j epson i i (Davy) Gould is not common. Howitt and Howell (1973) r epo r t one c o l l e c t i o n from Chews Ridge. Steven N . Ta l l ey made one c o l l e c t i o n on P ine Ridge. Sca t t e r ed p l a n t s wi th s h o r t awns approach s s p . v i rescens (Piper) Gould, some smal l p l a n t s wi th mostly one s p i k e l e t pe r node may be confused wi th Agropyron . Elymus t r i t i c o i d e s Buckl., bea rd l e s s wi ld rye (Gramineae) .

T a l l pe r enn i a l g r a s s , unimportant above 1200 m .

Emmenanthe pendu l i f l o r a Bench., whispering b e l l s (HydrophyZZaceae) .

Annual herb, r a r e on s tudy peaks, bu t a f t e r a f i r e o r c l e a r i n g t h i s spec ies might be conspicuous f o r 1 o r 2 years , t h e San Benito Mountain p l a n t s appear t o be va r . rosea Brand, which i s usua l l y confined t o s e rpen t ine (Wicklow 1966).

Epilobium minutum L ind l . , minute willow-herb (Onagraceae) .

Annual herb, uncommon i n f o r e s t openings.

Epilobium paniculatum Nutt . ex T. & G . , summer cottonweed (Onagraceae).

Annual herb, unimportant above 1200 m.

Epilobium watsonii Barb. var . franciscanurn (Barb .) Jeps . , coas t cottanweed (Onagmceae) .

Perennia l herb, l o c a l i n wet s p o t s

Ep ipac t i s g igantea Dougl., s t ream orchid (Orchidaceae) .

Perenn ia l herb , only not iced i n a sp r ing near Roosevelt Creek on Junipero Se r r a Peak.

Equisetum laevigatum A. Br., Ca l i fo rn i a horse- t a i l (Equise taeeae) .

Pe renn ia l herb , l o c a l i n wet spots .

Eguisetum t e lma te i a Ehrhar t , g i a n t horse- t a i l (Equisetaceae) .

Perennia l herb, l o c a l i n wet s p o t s .

I i Erlas t rum dens l fo l ium (Benth.) Mason, many-

leaved e r i a s t rum (PoZemoniaceae).

Perennia l herb , s c a t t e r e d i n chapar ra l , the p l a n t s approach s sp . austromntanum (Craig) Mason, which is t h e most montane form. The study peaks a r e near t h e nor thern l i m i t f a r t h i s southern Ca l i fo rn i a spec i e s .

Er igeron f o l i o s u s Nutt . , l e a f y da i sy (Compositae) .

Perennia l herb, widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n open h a b i t a t s .

Er igeron p e t r o p h i l u s Greene, rock da i sy (Compositae) .

Low pe renn ia l herb , l o c a l on rock outcrops.

Er iodic tyon ca l i forn icum (H. & A.) Torr . , Yerba Santa (HydrophyZZaceae) .

Evergreen shrub , widely s c a t t e r e d i n d i s tu rbed spo t s i n o r near t h e chapa r r a l .

Er iodic tyon tomentosum Benth., woolly Yerba Santa (HydmphyZZaceae) .

Evergreen shrub, s c a t t e r e d i n d i s tu rbed s p a t s , t h e s tudy peaks are near t h e nor thern l i m i t f o r t h i s south Coast Range endemic.

i Eriogonum covilleanum Eastw. (PoZygonaceae) . Annual herb , widely s c a t t e r e d i n d i s -

turbed o r open s p o t s on San Benito Mountain s e rpen t ine . (Munz 1968).

Eriogonum davidsoni i Greene (PoZygonaceae).

Annual herb , v a r i a b l e populat ions widely s c a t t e r e d i n open s p o t s .

Eriogonum elongatum Benth. var . elongatum long-stemmed buckwheat (Pozygonaceae) .

Perenn ia l herb , uncommon i n rocky a r ea s .

Eriogonum fasc icu la tum Benth. va r . fol iolosum (Nutt.) S. S tokes , C a l i f o r n i a buckwheat (PoZygonaceae) .

Evergreen sub-shrub o r shrub, widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n open rocky h a b i t a t s , one of t h e few woody p l a n t s prominent i n t h e .coas ta l sage scrub t h a t cont inues upwards i n d i s t r i - bu t i on t o t h e tops of t h e h ighes t r i dges .

Eriogonum g r a c i l e Benth., s l ende r woolly buckwheat (PoZygonaceae) .

Annual herb , extremely v a r i a b l e popula- t i o n s widely s c a t t e r e d i n open spo t s . The annual buckwheats a s soc i a t ed wi th t h i s and r e l a t e d spec i e s i n t h e subgenus Oregonium a r e very d i f f i c u l t t o s epa ra t e , qnd many specimens do not f i t descr ibed taxa . James L. Reveal (personal communication, Nov. 14, 1972, Oct . 16, 1973) c a l l e d t h i s group t h e most d i f f i c u l t i n the genus and suggested t h a t a t l e a s t one new spec i e s might be descr ibed from s tudy peak ma te r i a l , t h e San Benito Mountain populat ions a r e pa r t i cu - l a r l y confusing.

Eriogonum h i r t i f l o r u m Gray, hairy-flowered buckwheat (PoZygonaceae) .

Annual herb, no t important above 1200 m. (Reveal 1970) . Eriogonumnudum Dougl. va r . indictum (Jeps . ) Reveal (Pozygonaceae) .

Perennia l herb, uncommon i n rocky s p o t s .

Eriogonum s a x a t i l e Wats., rock buckwheat (Polygonaceae) .

Perennia l herb, l o c a l on very rocky s p o t s . Rare elsewhere i n t h e south Coast Ranges (Hoover 1970, Sharsmith 1945, Thomas 1961).

Eriogonum spergulinum Gray v a r . reddingianum (Jones) J. T. Howell (Pozygonaceae).

Annual herb, no t important above 1200 m.

Eriogonum umbellaturn To r r . var . bahiiforme (T. & G.) Jeps . , su lphur f lower (PoZygonaceae) .

Perenn ia l herb, widely d i s t r i b u t e d on s e r p e n t i n e a n San Benito Mountain ( t h e type l o c a l i t y ) , not r epo r t ed i n t h e Santa Lucias u n t i l 1972, when Steven N. Ta l l ey not iced it on t h e P i n e Ridge s e rpen t ine . The study peaks a r e near t h e southern l i m i t f o r t h i s s e rpen t ine endemic v a r i e t y , which is uncommon elsewhere i n t h e sau th Coast Ranges (Reveal 1970, Sharsmith 1945).

Eriophyllum confert i f lorum (DC.) Gray, golden-yarrow (Compositae) .

Evergreen sub-shrub, widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n a v a r i e t y of h a b i t a t s .

Erodium c icu tar ium (L .) L ' H e r . , red-s temmed f i l a r e e (Geraniuceae) .

Annual herb, minor i n grass land . INTRODUCED.

Eryngium a r i s t u l a t u m J e p s . , coyo te - th i s t l e (OmbeZZiferae) .

Annual herb, verna l pool spec i e s common i n Spanish Lake ( f i g . 3) . Erysimum capitatum (Dougl.) Greene, western wa l l f lower (Cmrciferae) .

Perenn ia l herb , widely s c a t t e r e d i n rocky spo t s but never common.

Eschscholzia c a l i f o r n i c a Cham. Ca l i fo rn i a poppy (Papaveraceae) .

Annual o r pe renn i a l herb , minor i n grassland .

Festuca rubra L. , r e d fescue (Gramineae)

Perennia l g r a s s , r a r e i n wet s p o t s .

Festuca (see Vulpia f o r annual spec ies )

F i l ago c a l i f o r n i c a Nutt . , Cal i fo rn i a cot ton- r o s e (Compositae) .

Annual herb, unimportant i n grassland above 1200 m.

F i l ago g a l l i c a L., narrow-leaved f i l a g a (Compositae) .

Annual herb, unimportant i n grass land above 1200 a. INTRODUCED.

Fremntodendron ca l i forn icum Cov., f l a n n e l bush (S tercul iaceae) .

Evergreen shrub, uncommon i n t h e south Coast Range chapa r r a l (Hoover 1970, Thomas 1961). A colony i n upper Eas t San Carlos Creek canyon on San Benito Mountain approaches s s p . c r a s s i fo l i um (Eastw.) Munz i n form; t h e Santa Lucia Range shrubs, inc luding those a t t h e western ba se of Junipero Sn r r a Peak, were r e f e r r e d t o ssp . obispoense (Eastw.) Munz by Howitt and Howell (1973) . F r i t i l l a r i a f a l c a t a (Jeps.) D. E. Bee t l e (LiZiaceae) .

Bulb, r e s t r i c t e d t o s e r p e n t i n e near San Benito Mountain ( t h e type l o c a l i t y ) and t h e Red Mountain reg ion of t h e Mount Hamilton Range (Beet le 1944, Sharsmith 1945). 1 have

not been a b l e t o f i n d any San Benito Mountain p l a n t s o r even any r e p o r t s s i n c e Jepson's discovery. L i s t e d a s a r a r e and endangered spec i e s by t h e Ca l i fo rn i a Native P l an t Socie ty (Powell 1974). DIABLO RANGE ENDEMIC.

F r i t i l l a r i a l anceo l a t a Pursh. , cbecker-l i ly (LiZiaceae) .

Bulb, uncommon i n s e v e r a l f o r e s t h a b i t a t s .

F r i t i l l a r i a v i r i dea K e l l . (LiZiaceae) . Bulb, widely s c a t t e r e d on San Benito

Mountain s e rpen t ine ( t h e type l o c a l i t y ) . The p l an t a l s o occurs on some Santa Lucia Range s e rpen t ine h a b i t a t s and should be looked f o r a n P ine Ridge. Munz (1959) included t h i s spec i e s wi th F. l a n c e o l a t a .

Galium andrewsii Gray, phlox-leaved bedstraw (Rubiaceae) .

Low pe renn ia l herb ; t h e glabrous d ip lo id (n= l l ) form, s s p . andrewsii is s c a t t e r e d i n widely separa ted p a r t s of both Diablo and Santa Lucia Ranges. A l l t h e specimens I col- l e c t e d from t h e San Benito Mountain s e rpen t ine were t h e v a r i a b l e pubescent oc toplo id (n=44) form, s s p . ga tense (Demp.) Demp. & Steb. (Dempster and Stebbins 1968) .

Galium angust ifol ium Nutt . s sp . angust ifol ium (Rubiaceae) .

Suf f ru t e scen t pe renn i a l , s c a t t e r e d on rocky south exposures. The study peaks a r e near t h e nor thern l i m i t f o r t h i s southern Ca l i fo rn i a spec i e s (Dempster and Stebbins 1971) . Galium apa r ine L., goose-grass (Rubiaceae).

Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d under dense hardwood f o r e s t s . INTRODUCED.

Galium ca l i forn icum H . & A., Ca l i fo rn i a bedstraw (Rubiaceae) .

Perennia l herb, an extremely va r i ab l e spec i e s complex i n t h e Santa Lucias (Dempster and Stebbins 1968); a t l e a s t two subspecies occur a n t h e study peaks:

1. SSD. flaccidurn (Greene) Demo. & Steb. Widely s c a t t e r e d i n a v a r i e t y of f o r e s t h a b i t a t s , an extremely v a r i a b l e oc toplo id (n=44) form of t h e spec i e s .

2 . Ssp. l u c i e n s e Demp. & Steb. I n appearance t h i s t e t r a p l a i d (n=22) form is s o r t of in te rmedia te between G. cal ifornicum ssp . flaccidurn and G. c lement i s . The bulk of

t h i s subspec ies ' d i s t r i b u t i o n is on Cone Peak above 1200 m. It is probably t h e r a r e s t of t h e Santa Lucia Range endemic t axa on t h e study peaks. A few p l a n t s near G. c lement i s co lon i e s on Ventana Double Cane have been t e n t a t i v e l y assigned t o s s p . l u c i e n s e by Lauramay Dempster. L i s t e d as a r a r e and endangered p l a n t by t h e Ca l i fo rn i a Native P l an t Socie ty (Powell 1974). SANTA LUCIA RANGE ENDEMIC.

Galium c lement i s Eastw., Santa Lucia bedstraw (Rubiaceae) .

Low matted, pe r enn i a l herb, d i s t r i b u t i o n is l a r g e l y confined t o t h r e e s tudy peaks w i th t h e most p l a n t s a n Cone Peak, l i s t e d a s a r a r e and endangered spec i e s by t h e Ca l i fo rn i a Native P l an t Socie ty (Powell 1974). (Dempster and Stebbins 1968). SANTA LUCIA RANGE ENDEMIC.

Galium n u t t a l l i i Gray s s p . ova l i fo l ium (Demp.) Demp. & Steb . , c l imbing bedstraw (Rubiaceae) .

Perenn ia l herbaceous vine, s c a t t e r e d i n chapar ra l and dry f o r e s t openings.

Garrya congdonl Eastw. i n t e r i o r s i l k - t a s s l e (Garryaceae) .

Evergreen shrub, t h i s s e rpen t ine endemic has been r epo r t ed i n San Benito County (Sharsmith 1945) and t h e ad j acen t Diablo Range of Manterey County (Howitt and Howell 1964) and Fresno County. Some of t h e San Benito Mountain shrubs approach t h i s spec i e s , bu t they could a l s o b e placed i n t h e v a r i a b l e G. f l avescens .

Garrya f lavescens Wats. va r . p a l l i d a (Eastw.) Bacig. ex Ewan, ashy s i l k - t a s s l e (Garryaceae)

Evergreen shrub, widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n t h e chapa r r a l bu t seldom common i n any one spo t . Di f fe rences between t h e Santa Lucia Range shrubs and t h e Diablo Range shrubs on s e rpen t ine t h a t have been c a l l e d G. congdoni appear t o b e s l i g h t .

Gayophytum he t e rozyqm Lewis & Szweykowski (Onagraceae) .

Annual herb, uncommon i n f o r e s t openings . DISJUNCT, c l o s e s t popula t ion is ~ r o b a b l v i n t h e San Rafae l Mountains, Santa Barbara-county (Smith 1974). ( ~ o w i t t and Howell 1973) .

G i l i a a c h i l l e a e f o l i a Bentb., Ca l i fo rn i a g i l i a (PoZemoniaoeae) .

Annual herb, uncommon i n savanna and grass land .

G i l i a c l i v o r m (Jeps.) V . Grant (PoZemoniaceae) .

Annual herb, minor i n grass land .

G i l i a splendens Dougl. (Potemoniaceae).

Annual herb, uncommon i n savanna and f o r e s t openings, t h e s tudy peaks a r e near t h e nor thern l i m i t f o r t h e spec i e s .

G i l i a t enu i f l o r a Benth . (Pozemoniaceae) . Annual herb, no t important above 1200 m,

d i f f i c u l t t o d i s t i n g u i s h from G. splendens, Hoover (1970) d i d not recognize G . splendens i n the southern Santa Lucias . Gnaphalium b e n w l e n s A. Davids., f r a g r a n t e v e r l a s t i n g (Compositae).

Perennia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n rocky spo t s , d i f f i c u l t t o s epa ra t e from G . microcephalum Nutt .

Gu t i e r r ez i a b r ac t ea t a Abrams, San Joaquin matchweed (Compositae) .

Small evergreen shrub, not important above 1200 m (Solbr ig 1965).

Habenaria e leqans (Lindl .) Boland . , s lender habenaria (Orchidaceae) .

Perennia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n shady f o r e s t h a b i t a t s .

Haplopappus sguar rosus H . & A., sawtooth goldenbush (Compositae) .

Small evergreen shrub, l o c a l on rocky s p o t s .

Helenium puherulum DC. , r o s i l l a (Compositae).

Perennia l herb, l o c a l i n wet spo t s .

Hemitomes conqestum Gray, gnome p l an t (Pyrolaceae) .

Saprophyte, one p l an t seen under scrubby mixed evergreen f o r e s t on Ventana Double Cone a t 1200 m e l eva t i on , a l l Ca l i fo rn i a r e p o r t s of t h i s spec ies concern low e l e v a t i o n red- wood f o r e s t h a b i t a t s .

Hemizonia pan i cu l a t a Gray, San Diego t a w e e d (Compositae) .

Annual herb , uncommon on San Benito Mountain s e rpen t ine . Hoover (1970) assigned some San Luis Obispo p l a n t s an s e rpen t ine t o ssp . pan i cu l a t a . The San Benito c o l l e c t i o n seems t o b e a r a t h e r i n t e r i o r and northward ex tens ion of t h i s t y p i c a l subspecies (Munz 1959).

Heracleum maximum Bartram, caw-parsnip (UmbeZZiferae) .

T a l l pe r enn i a l herb , l o c a l i n wet spo t s . (Howitt and Howell 1973) . Hesperolinon disjuncturn H. K . Sharsm. (Linaceae) .

Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d on San Benito Mountain s e rpen t ine , a s e rpen t ine endemic of t h e i nne r Coast Ranges (Sharsmith 1961).

Hesperolinon micranthum (Gray) Small, small- flowered dwarf-flax (Linaceae) .

Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d on P ine Ridge s e rpen t ine , o f t e n on s e rpen t ine i n the Santa Lucia Range (Sharsmith 1961).

Heteromeles a r b u t i f o l i a M. Roem., toyon (Rosaceae) .

Evergreen shrub o r smal l t r e e , s c a t t e r e d i n chapar ra l .

Hieracium a lb i f lorum Hook., white-flowered hawkweed (Cornpositae).

Perennia l herb , s c a t t e r e d i n coni ferous f o r e s t s .

Hieracium argutum Nutt . v a r . p a r i s h i i (Gray) Jeps . (Compositae) .

Perennia l herb, l o c a l i n rocky spo t s . Some of t h e most common and v a r i a b l e p l a n t s a r e on P ine Ridge--just above t h e Big Sur Canyon where hybr ids between t h i s spec ies and H. a lbif lorum have been repor ted (Anderson and Stebbins 1954). The s tudy peaks a r e near t h e nor thern l i m i t s f o r t h i s spec i e s .

Holodiscus d i s c o l o r (Pursh) Maxim., cream bush (Rosaeeoe) .

T a l l deciduous shrub, an important understory shrub i n p a r t s of t h e mixed evergreen f o r e s t a t lower e l e v a t i o n bu t unimportant above 1200 m.

Holodiscus microphyllus Rydb. (Rosaceae) . Low deciduous shrub, s c a t t e r e d on rocky

r idge tops . There is some ques t ion a s t o how c l e a r l y t h i s is i s o l a t e d from H. d i co lo r . DISJUNCT, t h e next populat ion t o t h e nor th may be i n Mendocino County--to t h e southeas t i n Tulare County. Some Santa Barbara County p l a n t s resemble t h i s spec i e s . 7 /

Hordeum cal ifornicum Covas & Steb . , Cal i fo rn i a ba r l ey (Grmnineae) .

Perennia l bunchgrass, uncommon i n seasonal ly wet s p o t s .

Hordeum glaucum Steud., wal l bar ley (Gramineae) .

Annual g r a s s , minor weed i n d is turbed s p o t s . INTRODUCED.

Hulsea heterochroma Gray, red-eyed hulsea (Compositue) .

Perennia l herb, r a r e i n d i s tu rbed s p o t s .

Hypericum formsum HBK. va r . s c o u l e r i (Hook.) Coul t . , Scouler S t . Johns wort (Hypericaceae) .

Perennia l herb , l o c a l i n wet spo t s .

Juncus bufonius L. toad rush (Juncaceae).

Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d i n seasonal ly wet spo t s .

Juncus effusus L . var . p a c i f i c u s Fern. & Wieg. (Juncaceas) .

Perennia l herb , l o c a l i n wet s p o t s .

Juncus pa tens E . Mey., common rush (Juncaceae) .


Juncus rugulosus Engelm. (Juncaceae).

T a l l perennia l herb, l o c a l i n wet spo t s .

71 Smith, C l i f t o n . 1974. A f l o r a of t h e Santa Barbara Region. (Unpublished r epo r t on f i l e , Santa Barbara Museum of Natura l His tory , C a l i f . ) .

Juniperus c a l i f o r n i c a Carr . , C a l i f o r n i a j un ipe r (Cupressaceae).

Large evergreen shrub, s c a t t e r e d i n

i t h e non-serpentine savanna a t lower eleva- < t i o n on San Benito Mountain bu t unimportant

above 1200 m.

Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb .) Sreng., June- g r a s s (Grmnineae) .

Perennia l bunchgrass, minor i n grass - land .

Lactuca s e r r i o l a L. p r i ck ly l e t t u c e (Compositae) .

Annual herb , minor weed i n d i s tu rbed spo t s . INTRODUCED.

Lathyrus v e s t i t u s Nut t . s sp . puberulus (White) C. L . Hi tch . (Legumimsae) .

Perenn ia l herbaceous v ine , widely s c a t t e r e d i n f o r e s t h a b i t a t s .

Layia d iscoidea Keck, r a y l e s s l a y i a (Compositae) .

Small annual herb , r e s t r i c t e d t o a few se rpen t ine s i t e s on San Benito Mountain, recognized a s a r a r e and endangered spec i e s by t h e C a l i f o r n i a Native P l an t Socie ty (Powell 1974). This spec ies was an impor- t a n t example i n t h e development of bio- svs temat ics (Keck 1957). It should have h igh p r i o r i t y f o r admin i s t r a t i ve p ro t ec t i on . SAN BENITO MOUNTAIN ENDEMIC.

i i Lepechznia ca lyc ina (Benth.) Epl . , p i t c h e r sage (Labiatae) .

Aromatic, s u f f r u t e s c e n t pe renn i a l , uncamon i n chapa r r a l .

Lewisia r ed iv iva Pursh., b i t t e r r o o t (PortuZacaceae) .

Acaulescent pe renn i a l herb , r a r e on San Benito Mountain s e rpen t ine , r a r e e l s e - where i n t h e south Coast Ranges where i t is o f t e n , b u t not always, a s soc i a t ed with s e r p e n t i n e (Bowerman 1944, Hoover 1970, Sharsmith 1945, Thomas 1961).

Libocedrus decurrens T a r r . , incense-cedar (Cupressaceae).

Evergreen t r e e , i n the Santa Lucias incense-cedar is concent ra ted i n canyon bottoms o r shady r av ines except f o r t h e t r e e s on t h e exposed s e rpen t ine of P ine

Ridge. On San Benito Mountain t h i s t r e e is widely d i s t r i b u t e d on exposed upland s lopes . Al ice Eastwood's (1897) sugges t ion t h a t ex tens ive logging of incense-cedar occurred on "Santa Lucia Peak" seems improbable. If t h e San Antonio Mission b u i l d e r s used incense- cedar ( i t is not c l e a r t h a t they d i d ) , they may have c u t t h e r e l a t i v e l y a c c e s s i b l e t r e e s along t h e Arroyo Seca Creek near Memorial Park. I doubt t h a t t h e Mission bu i lde r s used t r e e s from e i t h e r t h e Cone Peak o r Junipero Se r r a Peak f o r e s t s . There remains, however, a problem of who produced t h e few mysterious stumps near t h e head of Santa Lucia Creek (H. B. C a h i l l [personal communication, J an . 29, 19741). The San Benito Mountain f o r e s t was heav i ly logged f o r mine t imbers 8/ (Brewer n/d, Jepson n ld , G r i f f i n 1974a). DISJUNCT, c l o s e s t s t and t o t h e nor th is i n no r the rn Napa County--to t h e sou th i n t h e S i e r r a Madre, Santa Barbara County ( G r i f f i n and C r i t c h f i e l d 1972).

Lil ium pardalinum K e l l . , t i g e r l i l y (LiZiaceae) .

Bulb, l o c a l i n wet spo t s .

Linanthus arnbiguus (Rattan) Greene, serpen- t i n e l i nan thus (PoZemoniaceae) .

Annual herb , s c a t t e r e d on s e rpen t ine on San Benito Mountain, l a r g e l y a s e rpen t ine endemic i n t h e i n n e r Coast Ranges.

Linanthus androsaceus (Benth.) Greene, shower g i l i a (PoZemoniaceae) .

Annual herb , widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n open spo t s , most of t h e descr ibed subspec ies do not seem very h e l p f u l l o c a l l y , bu t t h e b r i g h t yellow form, s sp . l u t e u s (Benth.) Mason was q u i t e d i s t i n c t on Chews Ridge al though uncommon.

Linanthus c i l i a t u s (Benth.) Greene, wisker brush (PoZemoniaceae) .

Annual herb , unimportant above 1200 m .

Linanthus l i n i f l o r u s (Benth.) Greene, f l ax - flowered l i n a n t h u s (PoZemoniaceae) .

Annual herb , unimportant above 1200 m.

81 Sloane, N. H. 1914. Resources and p l an a f ope ra t i on of Monterey National Fo re s t . (Unpublished r e p o r t on f i l e . Los Padres National Fo re s t , King C i ty , C a l i f . ) .

L i n m l e w i s i i Pursh., b lue f l a x (Linaceae)

Pe renn ia l herb , widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n s e rpen t ine an San Benito Mountain, r a r e e l s e - where i n t h e south Coast Ranges (Hoover 1970).

Lithocarpus dezlsif lorus (H. & A.) Rehd., tan- oak (Fagaceae) .

Evergreen t r e e , vigorous sp rou t e r , important dominant i n t h e mixed evergreen f o r e s t .

Lithophragma a i f i n i s Gray., woodland s t a r (Smifragaceae) .

Perenn ia l herb , unimportant above 1200 m.

Lithophragma he terophyl la (H. & A,) T. & G . , h i l l s t a r (Smif ragaceae) .

Pe renn ia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n savanna h a b i t a t s .

Lomatium dasycarpum (T. & 6.) Coult . & Rose, lace-parsnip (UmbeZZiferae) .

Perennia l herb, uncommon i n savanna and f o r e s t openings.

Lomatium macrocarpum (H. & A.) Coult . & Rose, sheep-parsnip (IhnbeZZiferae) .

Perenn ia l herb , uncommon on s e rpen t ine outcrops .

Lonicera h i sp idu l a Dougl., h a i r y honeysuckle (Caprifo l iaceae) .

Evergreen woody v ine , appears t o reach 1200 m only on Ventana Double Cane where i t is r a r e i n t h e chapa r r a l .

Lonicera i n t e r r u p t a Benth. suck l e (CaprifoZiaceae) .

Evergreen woody v ine ,

, chapa r r a l honey-

widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n chapar ra l .

Lonicera subsp i ca t a H. & A. v a r . j ohns ton i i Keck, southern honeysuckle (Caprifoziaceae) .

Evergreen woody v ine , s c a t t e r e d i n more i n t e r i o r a r e a s than L. i n t e r r u p t a , no t very c l e a r l y s epa ra t ed from L. i n t e r r u p t a .

~ o t u s a rgophyl lus (Gray) Greene var . fremonti i (Gray) O t t l ey , s i lver - leaved l o t u s (Legwninosae) .

Law pe renn ia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n rocky s p o t s . Some of the l o c a l p l a n t s do not f i t va r . f r emon t i i too we l l . The study peaks a r e near the nor thern l i m i t i n the Coast

Ranges, the next populat ion t o t h e south may be i n Kern County (Twisselmann 1967), v a r . decorus ( J tn . ) O t t l ey occurs i n Santa Barbara County. 9 DISJUNCT.

~ o t u s c r a s s i f o l i u s (Benth.) Greene, hroad- leaved l o t u s (Legwnimsae) .

T a l l pe r enn i a l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n d is turbed spo t s i n t h e chapar ra l .

Lotus grandi f lorus (Benth.) Greene var . mu tab i l i s O t t l ey , chapar ra l l o t u s (Legwnimsae) .

Perenn ia l he rb , s c a t t e r e d i n rocky s p a t s , sometime appearing a s a t r a i l - s i d e weed.

Lotus humis t ra tus Greene, short-podded l o t u s (Legminosae) .


Lotus micranthus Benth., h i l l l o t u s (Legwninosae) .


~ o t u s oblongi fo l ius (Benth.) Greene, narrow- leaved l o t u s (Legwninosae) .

T a l l pe r enn i a l herb, l o c a l i n wet spo t s .

Lotus purshianus (Benth.) Clem. b C l e m . , Spanish-clover ( L e g m i m s a e ) .


Lotus s copa r iu s (Nutt.) O t t l ey , deer-weed (Legminosae) .

Suf f ru t e scen t pe renn i a l , s c a t t e r e d along t r a i l s and d i s tu rbed spo t s o r i n openings i n the chapar ra l .

~ o t u s s t r i g o s u s (Nutt.) Greene, bishop l o t u s (Legwninosae) .

Annual herb , minor i n grass land .

Lotus subpinnatus Lag, C a l i f o r n i a l o t u s (Legwninosae) .

Annual herb , unimportant i n grass land above 1200 m.

9/ Smith, C l i f t o n . 1974. A f l o r a of the ~ a n t a Barbara Region. (Unpublished r e p o r t on f i l e , Santa Barbara Museum of Natura l His tory , C a l i f . ) .

Lupinus abramsii C. P. Smith (Leguminosae) . Evergreen mat o r low shrub, widely d is -

t r i b u t e d , may n o t be c l e a r l y i s o l a t e d from L. a l b i f r o n s i n some p laces . Hoover (1970)

1 t r e a t e d i t a s a va r . of L. a l b i f rons . SANTA LUCIA RANGE ENDEMIC.

Lupinus a l b i f m n s Benth., s i l v e r l up ine (Legminosue) .

Evergreen shrub, appears i n lower, more i n t e r i o r h a b i t a t s than t h e near ly p r o s t r a t e L. abramsi i , not important above 1200 m.

Lupinus b i c o l o r Lindl . (Leguminosae).

Annual herb , s c a t t e r e d i n grass land .

Lupinus cerv inus Kel l . , dee r l up ine (Leguminosae) .

Perenn ia l herb, widely s c a t t e r e d b u t never common i n f o r e s t h a b i t a t s . F i r s t c o l l e c t e d by William Lobb i n 1850 probably near Cane Peak. L i s t e d a s a r a r e and endangered spec i e s by t h e Ca l i fo rn i a Native P l an t Socie ty (Powell 19 74) . SANTA LUCIA RANGE ENDEMIC.

Lupinus fornosus Greene va r . b r i d g e s i i (Wats.) Greene, l u n a r i a l u p i n e (Leguminosae) .

Perennia l herb , uncommon i n rocky s p o t s .

Lupinus h i r su t i s s i rnus Benth., s t i n g i n g l u p i n e (Legwninosae) .

Annual herb, widely s c a t t e r e d on rocky

i, s p a t s a t lower e l e v a t i o n s b u t r a r e above 1200 m.

Lupinus nanus Dougl., sky l up ine (Leguminosae) .

Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d i n grass land .

Madia e l e g a m D. Don., common madia (Compositae) .

Annual herb, widely s c a t t e r e d . The p l a n t s t h a t W i l l i s L . Jepson c o l l e c t e d on Junipero S e r r a Peak have been r e f e r r e d t o a montane farm, s sp . wheeleri (Gray) Keck. (Howitt and Howell 1973) . Madia exigua (SM.) Gray, l i t t l e tarweed (Compositae) .

Small annual herb , unimportant above 1200 m .

4Jadia g r a c i l i s (Sm.) Keck, guopweed (Compositue) .

Annual.herb, widely s c a t t e r e d i n grass - l and and savanna on Chews Ridge.

~ a d i a madioides (Nutt.) Greene, woodland madia (Compositue) .

Perennia l herb, uncommon above 1200 m.

Malacothrix f l o c c i f e r a (DC.) Blake, woolly malacothrix (Compositae) .

Annual herb , widespread on San Benito Mountain s e rpen t ine , bu t unimportant on t h e Santa Lucia peaks.

Malacothrix s a x a t i l i s (Nutt .) T. & G . va r . commutata (T. & 6. ) F e r r i s c l i f f malacothrix (Compositue) .

Perennia l herb , r a r e on rock outcrops .

Marah fabaceus (Nand.) Greene, common manroot o r wi ld cucumber (Cucurbituceae) .

Perennia l v ine wi th annual s h o a t s , wide- l y d i s t r i b u t e d near chapa r r a l margins.

Medicago pol ymorpha L . , bur-clover (Leguminosae) .

Annual herb, minor i n grass land . INTRODUCED.

Melica a r i s t a t a Thurb. (Grmnineae).

Pe renn ia l g r a s s , s e v e r a l c o l l e c t i o n s i n the Univers i ty of Ca l i fo rn i a Herbarium from Chews Ridge (G. L. S tebbins & L . A. Snyder #3767, and C . Hardham #6191B) have been l abe l ed a s t h i s spec i e s . But the s epa ra t i on between t h e long-awned M. a r i s t a t a and t h e shorter-awned M. h a r f o r d i i is not very s a t i s f a c t o r y i n the Santa Lucias. A Cone Peak specimen i n t h e Jepson Herbarium was annotated a s i n t e rmed ia t e between the se spec i e s . Hoover (1970) t r e a t e d M. a r i s t a t a a s a var . of M. h a r f o r d i i i n the southern Santa Lucias. Twisselmann (1967) repor ted only one colony of M. a r i s t a t a i n Kern County.

Melica c a l i f o r n i c a Scr ibn . , western mel ic (Grmnineae) .

Perennia l bunchgrass, minor i n grass land .

Melica geye r i Munro, geyer onion-grass (Grmineae) .

Perenn ia l g r a s s , r a r e i n shady f o r e s t h a b i t a t s on Chews Ridge. The s tudy peaks a r e near t h e southern l i m i t , only one colony repor ted i n San Lu i s Obispo County (Hoover 1970) . Melica ha r fo rd i i Bol . , Harford melic (Gramineae) .

Perennia l g r a s s , s c a t t e r e d i n f o r e s t h a b i t a t s ( see note on M. a r i s t a t a ) . Nelica imperfects T r in . , small-flowered melic (Gramineae) .

Perennia l g r a s s , widely d i s t r i b u t e d , p a r t i c u l a r l y i n rocky s p o t s .

Melica s t r i c t a Bol., rock mel ic (Gmmineae)

Perennia l g r a s s , r a r e along upper Sawmill Creek ( f i g . 3 ) , probably r a r e e l s e - where i n t h e south Coast Ranges. The next c l o s e s t l o c a l i t y i s i n the s i n Rafael Moun- t a i n s . 101 DISJUNCT.

Mellca tor reyana Scr ihn . , Tarrey mel ic (Grmineae) .

Perennia l g r a s s , s c a t t e r e d on s e rpen t ine outcrops on summit of San Benito Mountain. Often a s soc i a t ed wi th s e rpen t ine i n t h e south Coast Ranges (Hoover 1970).

Mentzelia g r a c i l e n t a T. & G., s l e n d e r s t i c k - l e a f (Loasaceae) .

Annual herb, minor i n grass land on San Benito Mountain.

Mentzelia l a e v i c a u l i s (Dougl.) Torr . , b l az ing s t a r (Loasaceae) .

Biennia l herb, uncommon i n d i s tu rbed spo t s .

Mentzelia micrantha (H. & A.) T . & G . , San Luis s t i c k l e a f (Loasacea& .

Annual herb, uncommon i n d i s tu rbed spo t s .

10 / Smith, C l i f t on . 1974. A f l o r a of t h e ~ z t a Barbara Region. (Unpublished r epo r t on f i l e , Santa Barbara Museum of Natura l His tory , C a l i f . ) .

Mentzelia pinetorum H e l l e r (Loasaceae).

Annual herb , unimportant above 1200 m. (Howitt and Howell 1973).

Mentzelia veatchiana K e l l . , (Loasaceae).

Annual herb, r a r e i n d i s tu rbed s p o t s on Chews Ridge. (Howitt and Howell 1973).

Micropus c a l i f o r n i c u s F. & M., s lender cottonweed (Compositae) .

Small annual herb, minor i n grass land .

Microseris l i n e a r i f o l i a (Nutt . ) Sch-Bip. (Compositne) .


Mic ros t e r i s g r a c i l i s (Dougl.) Greene, annual phlox (PoZemoniaceae).

Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d i n grass land .

Mimulus h i f i d u s Penn., s sp . f a s o i c u l a t u s Penn., Santa Lucia s t i c k y monkey-flower (ScrophuZariaeeae).

Small evergreen shrub, widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n chapa r r a l and along f o r e s t margins. This spec i e s is mainly endemic t o t h e Santa Lucias , bu t some p l an t s . do occur i n San Benito County (Howitt a n d Howell 1973).

Mimulus c a r d i n a l i s Dougl., s c a r l e t monkey- f lower (ScrophuZariaceae) .

Annual herb, l o c a l i n wet s p o t s .

Mimulus f lor ibundus Dougl . , f l o r i f e r o u s monkey-flower (ScrophuZariaceae) .

Small annual herb, l o c a l i n seasonal ly wet spo t s .

Minulus fremonti i (Benth.) Gray, Fremont monkey-flower (ScrophuZariaceae) .

Annual herb , s c a t t e r e d i n open a r e a s (see note on M. subsecundus) . Mimulus g u t t a t u s Fisch. , common monkey-flower (ScrophuZariaeeae) .

Annual o r pe renn i a l herb, l o c a l i n wet s p o t s , a smal l form is very abundant along a l l t h e San Benita Mountain c reeks .

Mimulus p i l o s u s (Benth.) Wats., downy mimethanthe (Scrophutariaceae) .

Small annual herb, l o c a l i n wet spo t s .

Mimulus subsecundus Gray (SerophuZariaceae) . Annual herb; i t is d i f f i c u l t t o s e p a r a t e

t h i s spec i e s from M. f r e m n t i i . Hoover

i (1970) considered t h i s t o be a smal l flowered form of M. f r e m n t i i ; an undescribed, smal l , pink flowered monkey-flower may be complicat- ing t h i s s i t u a t i o n i n t h e Santa Lucias .

Mollugo v e r t i c i l l a t a L., Ind ian chickweed (Aizcaceae) .

Small annual herb, common around Spanish Lake ( f i g . 3 ) . INTRODUCED.

Monardella b e n i t e n s i s Hardham ( L a b i a h e )

Aromatic ee r enn i a l herb. an i n t e r i o r s e rpen t ine form of t h e M. v i l l o s a complex (Hardham 1966). Widely s c a t t e r e d on San Benito Mountain, according t o C la r e Hardham (personal communication, Ju ly 30, 1970) dip- l o i d p l a n t s a r e s c a t t e r e d along Clear Creek on " j a d e i t e and a sbes to s serpent ine" w i th t e t r a p l o i d s on t h e h ighe r r i dges on "ordinary" s e rpen t ine . L i s t e d a s a r a r e and endangered spec i e s by t h e Ca l i fo rn i a Native P l an t Socie ty (Powell 1974). DIABLO RANGE ENDEMIC.

Monardella doug la s i i Benth., Fenestra monardella ( L a b i a h e ) .

Extremely a romat ic annual herb, s c a t t e r e d on San Benito Mountain s e rpen t ine , t h i s spec i e s is usua l l y r e s t r i c t e d t o s e rpen t ine i n t h e Coast Ranges.

Monardella v i l l o s a Benth., coyote mint (Labiawe) .

Aromatic pe renn ia l herb, widely d i s t r i - buted, a v a r i a b l e spec i e s w i th most of t h e p l a n t s on t h e Santa Lucia peaks approaching s sp . subse r r a t a (Greene) Epl.

Montia p e r f o l i a t a (Dann) Howell, miner 's- l e t t u c e (Portuzacaceae) .

Succulent , annual herb, widely d i s t r i - buted i n shady h a b i t a t s , p a r t i c u l a r l y under oaks. A v a r i a b l e spec i e s , some popula t ions on San Benita Mountain s e r p e n t i n e f i t va r . nubigena (Greene) Jeps .

Montia s p a t h u l a t a (Dougl.) Howell va r . exigua (T. & G.) Rob. (PortuZacaceae) .

Small succulent annual herb, uncommon i n widely s epa ra t ed l o c a l i t i e s . The d i s t i n c t i v e v a r . t e n u i f o l i a (T. & G.) Munz a l s o occurs on San Benita Mountain below 1200 m, perhaps above. This spec i e s may hyb r id i ze w i th M. p e r f o l i a t a on Chews Ridge.

Muhlenbergia a s p e r i f o l i a (Nees & Mey .) Parodi . , s c r a t c h g r a s s (Gramineae).

Pe renn ia l g r a s s , common along creeks on San Benito Mountain, uncommon elsewhere i n t h e south Coast Ranges (Raven 1957).

Navarre t ia m e l l i t a Greene, honey-scented n a v a r r e t i a (PoZemoniaeeae).

Annual herb, uncommon i n grass land .

Navarre t ia pubescens (Benth.) H . & A. (PoZemoniaceae) .

Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d on San Benito Mountain s e rpen t ine , a south Coast Range s e rpen t ine endemic.

Nemocladus s ecund i f l o rus Rohbins (CampanuZaceae).


Nemphila menzies i i H . & A., baby blue-eyes (HydrophyZZaceae) .


N a p h i l a pa rv i f l o r a Dougl., small-flowered nemophila (HydrophyZZaceae) .


Nemphi la pu l che l l a Eastw. (HydrophyZZaceae) . Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d i n f o r e s t and

savanna.

Nicotiana a t t e n u a t a Torr . , mountain Indian tobacco (SoZanaceae) .

Annual herb, Raven (1957) found t h i s "bas i ca l l y Great Basin" p l a n t on Santa R i t a Peak ( f i g . 3 ) , uncommon elsewhere i n t h e sou th Coast Ranges (Sharsmith 1945).

Oenothera hookeri T. & G . s sp . hookeri evening primrose (Onagmceae) .

Perennia l herb, l o c a l i n wet s p a t s .

Oenothera ( f o r annual spec i e s see Camissonia)

Orobanche bulbosa (Gray) G . Beck., chapa r r a l broomrape (Ombanchaceae) .

Root p a r a s i t e , only a few p l a n t s seen along chapar ra l margins, h u t t h e p l a n t is probably more common.

Orobanche f a s c i c u l a t a Nutt . var . franciscana Achey, c lu s t e r ed broomrape (Orobanchaceae).

Only a few p l a n t s seen along chaparra l margins, bu t t h e p l a n t is probably more common.

Orthocarpus purpurascens Benth., e scob i t a (ScrophuZariaceae).

Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d i n t h e grass land.

Osmaronia ceras i formis (T. & G.) Greene, oso berry (Rosaceae) .

Deciduous shrub, s c a t t e r e d i n shady canyons a t lower e l eva t ions , r a r e above 1200 m.

Osmorhiza brachypoda Tor r . , Ca l i fo rn i a c i ce ly (UrnbeZZiferae) .

Perennia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n a v a r i e t y of f o r e s t h a b i t a t s .

Osmorhiza c h i l e n s i s H . & A . , wood c i ce ly (UrnbeZZiferae) .

Perennia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n a v a r i e t y of f o r e s t h a b i t a t s , perhaps more common than. 0. brachypoda . Parnrlssin pu lusc r i s I.. var . c a l i f o r n i c a Gray , Ca l i fo rn i a grass-of-p,lrnnssus (?gxi;'ragaccae) .

Perennia l herb, uncommon r i p a r i a n p l a n t , sometimes on se rpen t ine a s on San Benito Mountain.

Ped icu l a r i s dens i f lora Benth. Indian warr ior (ScrophuZariaceae).

Penstemon cen t r an th i fo l iu s Benth., s c a r l e t bugler (Scrophutariaceae).

Perennia l herb, widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n f o r e s t o r chaparra l openings and rocky po r t i ons of grassland.

Penstemon corymbosus Benth., red penstemon (Scrophuzariaceae).

Low evergreen mat-forming shrub, l o c a l on rock outcrops. Cone Peak i s near t h e southern l i m i t f o r t h i s spec ies , i t was f i r s t co l l ec t ed by Thomas Coul ter , probably i n the Cone Peak region (McMinn 1939).

Penstemon g r i n n e l l i i Eastw. ssp . scrophular io ides (Jones) Munz, Gr innel l penstemon (Scrophulariaceae) .

Suff ru tescent perennia l , s c a t t e r e d on Chews Ridge, one p l an t seen a n San Benito Mountain, uncommon elsewhere i n t he south Coast Ranges (McMinn 1939).

Penstemon heterophyl lus Lindl . ssp. a u s t r a l i s (M. & J . ) Keck, chaparra l penstemon (Scrophulariaceae) .

Perennia l herb, widely s c a t t e r e d hu t never common.

Phacel ia brachyloba (Benth.) Gray, sha r t - lobed phacelia (HydrophyZZaceae) .

Annual herb , a few p l a n t s not iced i n d is turbed spots . Hoover (1970) described t h i s spec ies a s abundant a f t e r f i r e s i n t h e southern Santa Lucias. The s tudy peaks a r e near t h e nor thern l i m i t f o r t he spec ies .

Perennia l herb, l o c a l l y cornman on the Phacelia curvipes Torr . va r . macrantha sandstone r i dge nor th of Cone Peak, not (Parish) Munz (HydrophyZZaceae) . not iced above 1200 m on o the r parent mate- -4 s~ " Annual herb. Howitt and Howell (1964)

repor ted t h i s p l a n t (as P. davidsoni i Gray) Pe l l aea andrornedaefolia (Kaulf .) Fge, coffee on t h e top of Chews Ridge. Hoover (1970) f e r n (Pter idaceae) . t r e a t e d P. curv ipes a s p a r t of P. doug la s i i ,

and it is poss ib l e t h a t t h e P. davidsoni i Perennia l herb , s c a t t e r e d on p a r t l y repor t is based on the same p l an t s a s P.

shaded rocky spo t s . doug la s i i i n t h i s list.

Pe l l aea rnucronata (D. C. Eat.) D. C. Ea t . , Phacelia d i s t a n s Benth., wi ld he l io t rope b i rd s foo t f e r n (Pter idaceae) . (Hydrophy ZZaceae) .

Perennia l herb , s c a t t e r e d on exposed Annual herb, unimportant above 1200 m. rocky spo t s , more common above 1200 m than P. andromedaefolia . Phacel ia d i v a r i c a t a (Benth.) Gray

(Hydrophyttaceae). Penstemon b rev i f lo rus Lindl . , bush beard- tongue (Scmphuzariaceae) . Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d on se rpen t ine on

San Benito Mountain. Evergreen shrub, widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n

open spo t s

Pinus lambert iana Dougl., sugar p ine (Pinaceae) .

Large evergreen t r e e , magnif icent old- growth t r e e s a r e common i n the Cone Peak reg ion and on Junipera Se r r a Peak. David Douglas discovered t h i s p ine i n Oregon, bu t he f i r s t saw t h e t r e e i n Ca l i fo rn i a near Cone Peak (Hooker 1836). The c l o s e s t s t and t o t h e nor th is near M t . S t . Helena, Lake County--to t h e south i n t h e San Rafael Mountains, Santa Barbara County ( G r i f f i n and C r i t c h f i e l d 1972) . DISJUNCT.

Pinus ponderosa Laws., ponderosa p ine (Pinaceae) .

Large evergreen t r e e , widely s c a t t e r e d i n t h e Santa Lucias , bu t more o f t e n dominant j u s t below the 1200 m l e v e l than on the h ighe r r i dges . Although no recognizable ponderosa pines have been found on San Benito Mountain, some of t h e J e f f r e y p ines t he re have canes t h a t sugges t ponderosa p ine cha rac t e r s . A few of t h e San Benito J e f f r e y p ines may a l s o have some biochemical r e l a - t i onsh ips wi th ponderosa p ine (Brown 1972).

Pinus sab in iana Dougl., Digger p ine (Pinaceae) .

Evergreen t r e e . widely s c a t t e r e d on - San Benito Mountain, both on and o f f s e rpen t ine ; although common i n p a r t s of the Santa Lucias, no t r e e s were not iced above 1200 m ( G r i f f i n 1964, 1965, 1974a).

Pityrogramma t r i a n g u l a r i s (Kaulf .) Maxon, gold-back f e r n (P ter idaeeae) .

Small f e r n wi th annual f ronds , widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n dry rocky, b u t p a r t l y shaded spo t s .

P lag iobothrys nothofulvus (Gray) Gray, pop- corn f lower (Boraginaceae) .


Po, a m u a L . , annual b luegrass (Grmineae)

Small annual g r a s s . minor i n s ea sona l lv - --

wet spots i n grass land and savanna. INTRODUCED.

Pod howe l l i i Vasey & Scr ibn . , Howell blue- g r a s s (Grmineae) .

Annual g r a s s , r a r e on Ventana Double Cone.

Po, s c a b r e l l a (Thurb .) Benth., p ine b luegrass (Grmineae) .

Perennia l bunchgrass, s c a t t e r e d i n grass land and savanna.

Polygala ca l i fo rn i ca Nutt . , Ca l i fo rn i a milkwort (PcZygonaceae) .

Perennia l herb, unimportant above 1200 m .

Polypodium cal ifornicum Kaulf . , Ca l i fo rn i a polypody (PoZypodiaceae) .

Small f e r n wi th annual f ronds , l o c a l on shady rock outcrops .

Po lypgon m n s p e l i e n s i s (L.) Desf., r abb i t - f o o t g r a s s (Grmineae) .

Annual g r a s s , l o c a l i n wet p laces . INTRODUCED.

Polystichum muniturn (Kaulf .) P r e s l . , sword f e r n (Aspidiaceae) .

Fern with pe renn ia l fronds, widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n f o r e s t h a b i t a t s b u t seldom common above 1200 m . Most p l a n t s on the s tudy peaks have r ach i se s wi th reduced s c a l e s and probably f i t s sp . curtum Ewan.

P o t e n t i l l a glandulosa Lindl . , s t i c k y c inque fo i l (Rosaceae) .

Perennia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n open f o r e s t and savanna.

Prunus emarginata (Dougl.) Walp., b i t t e r cherry (Rosaceae) :

T a l l deciduous shrub, uncommon i n rocky rav ines o r c reek bottoms.

Prunus v i rg in iana L. va r . demissa (Nutt .) Sarg., western choke cher ry (Rosaceae).

Uncommon i n rocky rav ines o r c reek bottoms, more widely d i s t r i b u t e d than P. emarginata; al though t h e i r h a b i t a t requi re- ments seem to over lap , t he se two c h e r r i e s were not no t i ced growing toge ther .

Psora lea ca l i fo rn i ca Wats., Ca l i fo rn i a psora lea (Legminosue).

P r o s t r a t e perennia l , s c a t t e r e d i n f o r e s t and chapa r r a l openings on s e rpen t ine on San Benito Mountain. Uncommon elsewhere i n t h e south Coast Ranges (Hoover 1970, Sharsmith 1945).

Psoralea macrostachya DC. , l e a the r root (Leguminosae) .

T a l l perennial herb, l o c a l i n wet spots .

i Psoralea o r b i c u l a r i s Lindl. , round-leaved psoralea (Leguminosae) .

Perennial herb, l o c a l i n wet spo t s , not a s widespread a s P. macrostachya, these two psoraleas may grow together .

Psoralea physodes Dougl., California-tea (Leguminosae) .

Perennial herb, uncommon i n f o r e s t and chaparral h a b i t a t s .

Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn var . pubescem Undem., bracken (Pteridaeeae) .

Tal l f e r n with annual fronds, widely d i s t r ibu ted i n f o r e s t h a b i t a t s , dominates the ground-cover i n p a r t s of the Chews Ridge savanna (Gr i f f in 1975) . Pteros tegia drymarioides F. & M . (PoZygonaceae) .


Pyrola p i c t a Sm. f . aphylla (Sm.) Camp., l e a f l e s s shinleaf (Pyrolaceae).

Perennial herb, root pa ras i t e , reported anly on Junipero Serra Peak, r a r e elsewhere i n the south Coast Ranges (Thomas 1961).

Quercus a g r i f o l i a NQe, coas t l i v e oak (Fagaceae) .

Large evergreen t r e e , important i n p a r t s of the lower e l eva t ion mixed evergreen f o r e s t bu t only s c a t t e r e d t r e e s grow above 1200 m.

Quercus chrysolepis Liebm., canyon l i v e oak (Fagaceae) .

Large evergreen t r e e , vigorous sprouter , important dominant i n the mixed evergreen f a r e s t , widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n a v a r i e t y of f o r e s t and mesic chaparral s i t u a t i o n s , r a r e on the San Benito Mountain serpent ine .

Quercus douglas i i H . & A. , blue oak (Pagaceae) .

Small t o medium s i zed deciduous t r ee , imnortant i n lower e l eva t ion savanna. but only sca t t e red t r e e s grow above 1200 m (White 1966).

Quercus dumsa Nutt. (see Q. t u rb ine l l a note)

Quercus durata Jeps. , l ea the r oak (Fagaceae).

Large evergreen shrub, widespread i n serpent ine chaparral on San Benito Mountain. Occurs on lower e l eva t ion serpent ine i n the Santa Lucias, but seems t o be absent from the Pine Ridge serpent ine .

Quercus ke l logg i i Newb., Ca l i fo rn ia black oak (Fagaceae) .

Large deciduous t r e e , widely sca t t e red i n the more open f o r e s t s , probably more important below the 1200 m e levat ion, conspicuous i n the ponderosa p ine f o r e s t s .

Quercus lobata NQe, val ley oak, Ca l i fo rn ia white oak (Fagaceae) .

Large deciduous t r ee , important i n the savanna along the summit of Chews Ridge where t r e e s up t o 206 cm i n dhh occur, t h i s t r e e i s absent above 1200 m on a l l o ther study peaks (Gri f f in 1973, 1975).

Quercus tu rb ine l l a Greene ssp . ca l i fo rn ica Tucker, shrub l i v e oak (Fagaceae) .

Evergreen shrub or small t r e e , vigorous sprouter . Important i n north-slope chaparral a t lower e levat ions on i n t e r i o r s lopes , but anly s c a t t e r e d shrubs occur above 1200 m. Q . t u rb ine l l a i s sometimes d i f f i c u l t t o sepa ra te from Q. dumosa, and some shrubs on Junipero Serra Peak are intermediate. I n the lower Arroyo Seco drainage, Q. tu rb ine l l a is common and c l e a r l y recognizable; on the coas ta l r idge south of Cone Peak Q. dumosa is common (Tucker 1953).

Quercus wis l i zen i i A . DC. i n t e r i o r l i v e oak (Fagaceae) .

Evergreen shrub o r t r e e , vigorous sp rou te r . Widely d i s t r i b u t e d a s a dominant i n the higher e l eva t ion mesic chaparra l , l e s s common a s an understory t r e e i n the f o r e s t .

Ra i l l a rde l l a (muir i i Gray ?) (Compositue) . Perennia l herb, t h i s p l an t was unknown i n

the south Coast Ranges u n t i l 1962, when Clare Hardham noticed i t i n t h e Ventana Douhle Cone region. I n 1972, Steven N . Tal ley col lec ted i t on the rocky summit of Ventana Douhle Cone. It is c losely r e l a t e d t o R . m u i r i i which is considered a r a r e and endangered species by the Cal i fornia Native Plant Society i n the southern S ie r ra Nevada (Powell 1974). It appears l e s s c lose ly r e l a t e d t o R . scabr ida Eastw., an uncommon species of the north

Coast Ranges (Rydberg 1927). Severa l s t uden t s a r e working on the r e l a t i o n s h i p of t he se t h r ee R a i l l a r d e l l a s I f t h e Ventana popula- t i o n is R . m u i r i i , t h i s p l a n t i s one of t h e most r e s t r i c t e d and most i n t e r e s t i n g montane d i s j u n c t s i n t h e Santa Lucias; i f i t is a new spec ies , i t is probably the most res- t r i c t e d endemic above 1200 m. These p l a n t s should r ece ive t h e h ighes t p r i o r i t y f o r ad- m i n i s t r a t i v e p ro t ec t i on .

Rafinesguia c a l i f o r n i c a Nutt . , C a l i f o r n i a chicory (Compositae).

Annual herb, r a r e i n d is turbed s p o t s .

Ranunculus c a l i f o r n i c u s Benth., Ca l i fo rn i a bu t t e r cup (RanuncuZaceae) .

Perennia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n the savanna.

Ranunculus hebecarpus X. & A . , downy bu t t e r - cup (RanuncuZaceae) .

Small annual herb , unimportant above 1200 m.

Rhamnus c a l i f o r n i c a Esch. s s p . tomente l la (Benth.) C . B . Wolf, cof feeber ry (Rhamnaceae) .

Large evergreen shrub, widely d is - t r i b u t e d i n t h e chapa r r a l and s c a t t e r e d i n t h e f o r e s t understory a t a l l e l e v a t i o n s .

Rhamnus crocea Nut t . , s sp . i l i c i f o l i a (Kel l . ) C . B. Wolf, ho l l y l ea f redberry (Rhmnnaceae) .

Large evergreen shrub, widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n t h e chapar ra l .

Rhus d ive r s i l oba T. & G . , poison-oak (Anacnriaceae) .

Deciduous woody v i n e o r shrub, widely d i s t r i b u t e d a t lower e l e v a t i o n s but only l o c a l l y common above 1200 m and r a r e above 1400 m an any of t h e s tudy peaks.

Ribes r o e z l i i Regel, S i e r r a gooseberry (Smifragaceae) .

Deciduous shrub, uncommon i n the f o r e s t understory, shrubs on the summit of Junipera Se r r a Peak and Chews Ridge a r e c l e a r l y r e f e r a b l e t o R. r o e z l i i , shrubs i n P ine Valley below Pine Ridge approach R. r o e z l i i i n form h u t sugges t hyb r id i za t i on

w i th some o the r spec i e s such as R . amarum McClat. The spa r se number of p l a n t s of t h i s one Ribes spec ies above 1200 m on the Santa Lucia peaks is i n marked c o n t r a s t t o t h e r i c h assemblage of spec i e s a t lower eleva- t i o n s ; f o r example, e i g h t spec ies of Ribes a r e present on t h e Hast ings Reservat ions a t the foo t of Chews Ridge. The next R . r o e z l i i popula t ion t o t h e nor th may be i n Napa County (McMinn 1939)--to t h e south i n the San Rafael Mountains, Santa Barbara County. 12/ DISJUNCT.

Rosa c a l i f o r n i c a Cham. & Schlecht . , Ca l i fo rn i a wi ld ro se (Rosaceae) .

Deciduous shrub, l o c a l i n c reek bottoms.

Rubus pa rv i f l o rus Nut t . , thimbleberry (Rosaceae) .

Deciduous shrub, l o c a l i n wet spots .

Rubus u r s inus Cham. & Schlecht ., P a c i f i c b lackber ry (Rosaceae) .

Evergreen woody v ine , l o c a l i n creek bottoms.

Rumex a c e t o s e l l a L . , sheep s o r r e l (PoZygonaceae) .

Perennia l herb , minor weed i n d is turbed s p o t s . INTRODUCED.

Rumex conglomeratus Murr., green dock (Polygonaceae) .

Perenn ia l herb , minor weed i n d is turbed s p o t s . INTRODUCED.

Rumex s a l i c i f o l i u s Weinm., willow dock (Polygonaceae) .

Perenn ia l herb , l o c a l i n wet s p o t s .

S a l i x breweri Bebb., Brewer willow (Sat icaceae) .

Deciduous shrub, common along a l l serpen- t i n e creeks on San Benito Mountain ( t h e type l o c a l i t y ) . Uncommon elsewhere i n t h e south Coast Ranges (Sharsmith 1945).

121 Smith, C l i f t o n . 1974. A f l o r a of t h e S G t a Barbara Region. (Unpublished r epo r t on f i l e , Santa Barbara Museum of Natural His tory , C a l i f . ) .

s a l i x (misc. u n i d e n t i f i e d spec i e s probably s. l a e v i g a t a Bebb o r S. l a s i o l e p i s Benth. i n most cases , uncommon above 1200 m) .

i s a l v i a columbariae Benth., ch i a (Labiatae) . Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d i n rocky exposed

s p o t s i n the grass land and chapa r r a l margins.

Sambucus mexicana P r e s l . , b lue e lde rbe r ry (Caprifot iaceae) .

Deciduous shrub o r smal l t r e e , widely s c a t t e r e d bu t never common.

s a n i c u l a c r a s s i c a u l i s Poepp., gambleweed (UmbeZZiferae) .

Perennia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n t h e more weedy po r t i ons of s e v e r a l h a b i t a t s .

Sanicula graveolens Poepp. (UmbeZZifeme) . Perenn ia l herb , no t repor ted i n t h e

south Coast Ranges u n t i l 1972, when Steven N. Ta l ley found i t an t h e P i n e Ridge serpen- t i n e . Next popula t ion t o the nor th may be on B a r t l e t t Mountain, Lake County--to t h e south i n t h e San Rafael Mountains, Santa Barbara County. 131 DISJUNCT.

s a t u r e j a mimuloides (Benth.) Briq. (Labiatae) .

Perenn ia l herb, l o c a l i n w e t s po t s .

Sc i rpus microcarpus P r e s l . , panic led bul rush (Cyperaceae) .

! T a l l perennia l herb , l o c a l i n wet s p o t s .

Sedum spa thul i fo l ium Hook, s sp . anomalum (Br i t t on ) Clausen & Uhl, P a c i f i c s tonecrop (CrassuZaceae).

Succulent pe renn i a l herb, l o c a l on rock outcrops .

S e l a g i n e l l a b i g e l o v i i Underw., Bigelow moss- f e r n (SeZagineZZaceae) .

Perennia l herb, widely s c a t t e r e d on rock outcrops .

S i l e n e g a l l i c a L . , common ca t ch f ly (CaryophyZZaeeae) .

Annual herb, minor weed i n grass land . INTRODUCED.

131 Smith, C l i f t o n . 1974. A f l o r a of t h z a n t a Barbara Region. (Unpublished r e p o r t on f i l e , Santa Barbara Museum of Natural His tory , C a l i f .) .

S i l e n e l e m n i i Wats., Lemon campion (CaryophyZZaceae).

Pe renn ia l herb .

S i l e n e verecunda Wats. s sp . p l a t y o t a (Wats.) Hitch. & Maquire (CaryophyZZaceae) .

Perennia l herb .

Sisyrinchium bellum Wats., blue-eyed-grass ( I r idaceae) .

Perenn ia l herb , apparent ly absent above 1200 m i n t h e Santa Lucias b u t l o c a l l y common along a l l t h e c reeks on s e rpen t ine on San Benito Mountain.

S i t a n i o n h y s t r i x (Nutt.) 3. G . Sm. (Gramineae) .

Perenn ia l bunchgrass, unimportant on t h e Santa Lucia peaks bu t s c a t t e r e d on s e rpen t ine on San Benito Mountain. This spec i e s is much l e s s common on t h e s tudy peaks than the c lo se ly r e l a t e d S. jubatum. S. h y s t r i x appears t o be t h e more montane i n d i s t r i b u - t i o n a s suggested by Anderson and Stebbins (1954).

s i t a n i o n jubatum 3. C. Sm., s q u i r r e l - t a i l (Gromineae) .

Perennia l bunchgrass, more widely d i s - t r i b u t e d a t lower e l eva t i ons than S. h y s t r i x . (Anderson and Stebbins 1954) .

S i t a n i o n (occas ional s t e r i l e hybr ids , probably wi th both Agropyron and Elymus were not iced on Chews Ridge and San Benito Mountain)

Solanum umbelliferum Eschs. , b lue wi tch (SoZamceae) .

Evergreen shrub, widely s c a t t e r e d i n d i s tu rbed a r e a s .

so l i dago c a l i f o r n i c a Nutt . , common goldenrod (Compositae) .

Perennia l herb , widely s c a t t e r e d i n many h a b i t a t s .

so l i dago gu i r adon i s Gray (Compositae)

Common along a l l t h e creeks on serpen- t i n e on San Benito Mountain. Raven (1957) appeared t o r e f e r t o t h i s p l a n t a s S . con f in i s Gray, bu t Hoover (1970) t r e a t e d a l l t h e S. con f in i s i n San Luis Obispo County a s S . gu i radonis v a r . l uxu r i ans (Hall) Hoover.

Stachys b u l l a t a Benth., hedge-nett le (Labiatae) .

Perennia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n open f o r e s t h a b i t a t s .

Stachys pycnantha Benth., short-spiked hedge- n e t t l e (Labiatae) .

Perennia l herb , l o c a l i n wet s p o t s .

s t e l l a r i a media (L.) C y r i l l . , common chickweed (CaryophyZZaceae) .

Annual herb, unimportant i n grass land above 1200 m. INTRODUCED.

S t e l l a r i a n i t e n s Nutt. , sh in ing chickweed (CaryophyZZaceae) .


Stephanomeria e l a t a Nutt . (Compositae) . Annual herb, unimportant above 1200 m .

Stephanomeria v i rga t a Benth. s sp . pleurocarpa (Greene) Go t t l i eh . (Compositae) .

Annual herb , widely s c a t t e r e d i n d i s - turbed o r open spo t s .

s t i p a cernua Steb . & Love, nodding needlegrass ( G m i n e a e ) .

Perennia l bunchgrass, unimportant, o r perhaps absent , from t h e Santa Lucia Range grass land above 1200 m . One popula t ion was not iced on San Benito Mountain on a p a r t i a l l y serpent in ized s l o p e a t 1300 m.

s t i p a coronata Thurb., l a r g e needlegrass (Gramineae) .

T a l l pe r enn i a l g r a s s , l o c a l on rock au t - crops, no t a component of t h e s t a b l e grass land .

s t r e p t a n t h u s breweri Gray (Cruciferae) . Annual herb, repor ted i n t h e San Benito

Mountain a r e a (Morrison 1941), bu t not no t i ced t h e r e during t h i s survey. Arthur Kruckeberg (personal communication, May 6 , 1971) r e f e r s t h e e a r l y San Carlos Peak co l - l e c t i o n s t o v a r . t e n u i s . San Benito Mountain is near t h e southern l i m i t f o r t h i s Coast Range s e r p e n t i n e endemic.

S t r ep t an thus glandulosus Hook. s sp . glandulosus Jewel Flower (Cruc i feme) .

Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d a n t h e P ine Ridge s e rpen t ine , on Chews Ridge s c a t t e r e d on s e rpen t ine and rocky non-serpentine s p a t s (Kruckeberg 1958).

s t r e p t a n t h u s i n s i g n i s J eps . (Cruciferae) . Annual herb, s c a t t e r e d on San Benito

Mountain s e rpen t ine . The p l a n t s r e f e r r e d t o S. h i sp idus Gray by Jepson (1925) from San Carlos Peak were probably s. i n s i g n i s (A. Kruckeberg, personal communication, May 6 , 1971).

S t r ep t an thus t o r tuosus Kel l . , mountain s t r ep t an thus (Cruciferae) .

Annual o r b i e n n i a l herb, l o c a l on rock outcrops . Rare elsewhere i n t h e south Coast Ranges (Hoover 1970), t h e next populat ion t o t h e nor th may be Hood Peak, Sonomsl County.

s t y l o c l i n e gnaphal io ides Nutt . (Compositae) . Annual herb, unimportant i n grass land

above 1200 m .

s ymphor i ca rps mo l l i s Nutt. , spreading snaw- be r ry (Caprifol iaceae) .

Low deciduous shrub, s c a t t e r e d i n f o r e s t understory.

Tauschia har tweyi i (Gray) Macbr . , (UmbeLZiferae) .

Perennia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n rocky s p a t s .

Thelepdium lasiophyllum (H. & A.) Greene, cut-leaved thelypodium (Cruci feme) .


Thermopsis macrophylla H . & A ., f a l se- lupine (Leguminosae) .

T a l l perennia l herb, conspicuous i n f o r e s t understory and chapar ra l margins on P ine Ridge, elsewhere l o c a l or r a r e i n rocky s p o t s o r c reek bottoms.

Thysanocarpus curv ipes Hook., h a i r y f r inge- pod (Cruciferae) .

Annual herb, unimportant i n grass land .

Thysanocarpus l a c i n i a t u s Nut t . var . c r ena tu s (Nutt . ) Brewer., narraw-leaved fringe-pod (Cruciferae) .

Annual herb, r a r e i n open s p o t s above i 1200 m .

Trichostema lanatum Benth. , woolly blue- c u r l s (Labiatae) .

Aromatic evergreen shrub, uncommon i n chapar ra l .

Trichostema rubisepalum Elmer ( L a b i a h e ) .

Aromatic annual herb , s c a t t e r e d along San Benito Mountain s e rpen t ine c reeks , t h e type l o c a l i t y (Elmer 1906). SIERRA NEVADA FOOTHILL DISJUNCT, known elsewhere only i n Mariposa and Tualumne Counties (Lewis 1945).

Trifol ium albopurpureum T. & G . , r anche r i a c lover (Legwninosae) .

Annual herb , widely s c a t t e r e d i n grass land .

Trifol ium c i l i o l a t u m Benth . , tree c lover (Legwninosae) .

Annual herb, minor i n t h e grass land .

Trifol ium qrac i len tum T. & G . , p in-point c lover (Legwninosae) .


Tr i fo l ium microcephalmn Pursh, maiden c lover (Legminosae) .

i Annual herb , widely s c a t t e r e d i n grassland .

Trifolium t r identa tum L ind l . , tomcat c lover (Legwninosae) .

Annual herb , s c a t t e r e d i n g r a s s l and .

Tr i fo l ium varieqatum Nut t . , white- t ipped c lover (Legminosae) .

Annual herb , s c a t t e r e d i n g r a s s l and .

Tr iodanis b i f l o r a (R. & P.) Greene, Venus laoking-glass (Cunpamlaceae) .

Annual herb , unimportant above 1200 m.

Umbellularia c a l i f o r n i c a (H. & A.) Nut t . , Ca l i fo rn i a - l au re l (Lauraceae) .

Aromatic evergreen t r e e , widely s c a t t e r e d i n t h e f o r e s t and mesic chapa r r a l on t h e Santa Lucia peaks. Although o f t e n found i n s e rpen t ine wet s p o t s i n t h e Coast

Ranges, t h i s t r e e seems t o be absen t from t h e San Benito Mountain reg ion ( G r i f f i n and C r i t c h f i e l d 1972).

Ur t ica ho lose r i cea Nut t . , hoary n e t t l e (Urt icaceae) .

T a l l pe r enn i a l herb, l o c a l i n w e t s po t s .

Ur t ica urens L. , dwarf n e t t l e (Urt icaceae) . Annual herb , unimportant weed above

1200 m. INTRODUCED.

Verbena l a s i o s t a c h y s Link., C a l i f o r n i a ve rva in (Verbenaceae) .

Perennia l herb , s c a t t e r e d i n grass land and savanna.

Vicia americana Muhl. s sp . oregana (Nutt .) Abrams, American ve tch .

Perennia l herbaceous v ine , s c a t t e r e d i n t h e Chews Ridge f o r e s t , probably p r e sen t elsewhere bu t confused wi th Lathyrus.

Viola purpurea K e l l . (Viotaceae) .

Pe renn ia l herb , extremely v a r i a b l e . 1. Ssp. mohavensis (Baker & Clausen)

J . Clausen. Both Baker (1953) and Stebbins e t a l . (1963) c a l l e d t h i s d i p l o i d (n=6) -- d e s e r t form of t h e V. purpurea complex V. aurea s sp . mohavensis. Baker (1953) repor ted t h i s s s p . on Chews Ridge and Santa R i t a Peak ( f i g . 3 ) . Stebbins g &. (1963) accepted t h i s s sp . f o r Chews Ridge b u t c a l l e d a l l t h e v i o l e t s i n t h e San Benito Mountain reg ion v. quercetormn. I can s ee no r e a l d i f f e r ence between t h e Chews Ridge p l a n t s and some of the San Benita Mountain p l a n t s , al though much of t h e San Benito Mountain m a t e r i a l could be keyed t o V. quercetormn. The same p l an t which occurs on s m a l l s e rpen t ine outcrops on Chews Ridge a l s o occurs on t h e P ine Ridge serpen- t i n e , Clausen (1964) s h i f t e d ssp . mohavensis from V. aurea t o V. purpurea.

2. Ssp. purpurea p ine v i o l e t . Howitt and Howell (1964) l i s t e d t h i s d i p l o i d (n=6) mon- t ane subspec ies on Junipero Se r r a Peak. But Howitt and Howell (1973) were no longer cer- t a i n t h a t t he se p l a n t s d i f f e r ed from s sp . mohavensis on Chews Ridge. I would suppor t t h e i r f i r s t view. S tebbins and o t h e r s (1963) d id n o t recognize ssp . purpurea i n t h e Coast Ranges south of Lake County. Clausen (1964) continued t o recognize s s p . purpurea a s f a r south a s southern Ca l i fo rn i a . Hoover (1970) r epo r t ed s sp . purpurea i n t h e southern Santa Lucias .

Viola guercetorum Baker & Clausen, oak v i o l e t (VioZaceae) .

Perenn ia l herb, widely s c a t t e r e d i n f o r e s t openings and savanna bu t never common. A v a r i a b l e populat ion of t h i s t e t r a p l o i d (n=12) form of t h e V. purpurea complex is conspicuous i n the San Benito Mountain reg ion where i t is d i f f i c u l t t o s epa ra t e from v. purpurea s sp . mohavensis (Clausen 1964, S tebbins a. 1963).

Vulpia bromoides (L.) S . F. Gray, s i x weeks fescue (Gramineae) .

Annual g r a s s , s c a t t e r e d i n grass land (Festuca de r tonens i s [A l l . ] Asch. & Graebn.) (Lonard and Gould 19 74) . INTRODUCED.

Vulpla m ~ c r o s t a c h y s (Nut t . ) Benth. (Gramineae) .

Annual g r a s s , Lonard and Gould (1974) merged a l l t h e n a t i v e annual fescue spec i e s w i th r e f l exed s p i k e l e t s i n t o one specxes complex. The fol lowing v a r i e t i e s a r e minor grass land p l a n t s on t h e s tudy peaks, t h e r e is some geographic s epa ra t i on between t h e d i f f e r e n t £ o m on t h e peaks, bu t a t the Hast ings Reservat ion a l l of them occur w i th in a l i m i t e d a r ea , sometimes i n mixed s t ands .

1. Var. c ~ l z a t a (Beal) Lonard & Gould (Festuca eastwoodae Prper , F. gray2 (Abrams) P ipe r , and F. pac l f l c a P ipe r ) .

2. Var. confusa (P iper ) Lonard & Gauld (Festuca confusa P i p e r ) .

3. Var. pauc l f lora (Beal) Lonard & Gould (Festuca r e f l e x a Buckley) .

Yucca whipplei To r r . , Spanish bayonet (Agavaceae) .

T a l l pe r enn i a l r o s e t t e , widely s c a t t e r e d on dry chapa r r a l s l opes . The study peaks a r e nea r t h e no r the rn l i m i t f o r t h i s southern Ca l i fo rn i a spec i e s . The summit of Junipero Se r r a Peak may be t h e h ighes t e l e v a t i o n record f o r t h e spec i e s . Yuccas on t h e Santa Lucia peaks appear t o be more rhizomatous than those of the Diablo range, t h e des- c r ibed subspec ies do not f i t the s tudy peak p l a n t s we l l .

Zauschneria ca l i fo rn i ca P re s l . , Ca l i fo rn i a fuchs i a (Onagraceae).

Pe renn ia l herb , widely d i s t r i b u t e d i n a v a r i e t y of h a b i t a t s , l e a f and f lower char- a c t e r s a r e v a r i a b l e and do not f i t t h e descr ibed subspecies we l l .

Zigadenus f r e n o n t i i Torr . , s t a r - l i l y (LiZiaceae) .

Perennia l herb , l o c a l l y common i n f o r e s t and chapa r r a l a t lower e l eva t i ons bu t reaches 1200 m only on Pine Ridge.

Ziqadenus venenosus Nats., death camas (LiZiaceae) .


Vulpla myuros (L.) K. C . Gmelin (Grmnineae).

Annual g r a s s . (Lonard and Gould 1974). INTRODUCED.

1. Var. h ~ r s u t a Hack. One of t h e most widespread of the annual f e scues (Festuca megal ura Nutt .)

2. Var. myuros. S c a t t e r e d i n grass land (Festuca myuros L .) . Woodwardla f imbr la ta Sm., cha in f e r n (BZeehnaceae) .

T a l l perennxal f e rn , l o c a l i n wet s p o t s .

Wyethla helenozdes (DC.) Nutt . , gray mule- e a r s (Compositae) .

Perennia l herb, s c a t t e r e d i n Chews Rldge f o r e s t and savanna.

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