Content Area Instruction & Study Skills Janis Braue.
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Transcript of Content Area Instruction & Study Skills Janis Braue.
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Content Area Instruction & Study Skills
Janis Braue
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Content Area Instruction and Vocabulary
“Vocabulary is the glue that holds stories, ideas, and content together…..making comprehension accessible for children.”
-Rupley, Logan, and Nicholas (1998)
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Vocabulary Facts
• Vocabulary is directly related to reading ability.
• Good readers know twice as many words as poor readers in first grade.
• This gap grows each year.• Students with limited
vocabulary have difficulty learning new words.
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Oral & Reading Vocabulary
• Oral Vocabulary refers to the words that a person recognizes in listening and uses in speaking.
• Reading Vocabulary refers to the words that a person recognizes or uses in print.
-National Reading Panel, 2000
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Approaches to Teaching Vocabulary• Indirect approach
involves learning words through conversations, listening to adults read and independent reading.
• Direct approach involves systematic, explicit instruction of individual words and word-learning strategies.
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Parents and Vocabulary Development
1. Rhyming words, synonyms, antonyms, & categorization
2. Word of the day3. Community words4. Choose books of interest5. Review difficult words6. Ask questions and listen for
vocabulary words
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Assessing Vocabulary
1. Identify the words and concepts that the students need to know to understand the unit.
2. Select 15 words and teach 3 each day.
3. Use progress monitoring to determine if the students know what the words mean.
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Content Enhancements
• Advance organizers –Figure 10.9
• Concept diagrams - Figure 10.10
• Comparison tables - Figure 10.11
• Semantic feature analysis - Figure 10.12
• Semantic maps - Figure 10.13
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NAME:
TOPIC
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Process for Teaching Concepts1. Decide concepts to be
taught2. Evaluate materials3. Assess students4. Use pre-reading activities5. Conduct learning activity6. Provide post-learning
activities
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Readability
• Fry p. 417
• SMOG http://www.literacytrust.org.
uk/campaign/SMOG.html
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Testing Accommodations
• Extended time on tests• Read test to student• Allow calculator use• Allow oral answers• Grade for content, not for
spelling• Reduce number of
questions and answer choices
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Study Skills
• Key to independent learning
• Help students to gain and use information
• Students with disabilities have difficulty developing study skills.
• Study skills need to be taught directly and systematically.
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Three Types of Study Skills1. Personal development-
organization, self-monitoring, and positive attitudes toward studying
2. Process skills-note-taking, outlining and library reference skills
3. Expression skills-retrieval skills, test-taking skills, and using oral and written expression.
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Personal Development
• Figure 10.16- Weekly schedule and To-Do List
• Figure 10.17- Goal-planning and Monitoring Sheet
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Process Skills
• Note taking increases attention.
• Research has shown that the process of taking notes results in greater recall of information on tests.
• Use graphic organizers
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Expression Skills/Mnemonics
• Acrostics-sentences made of words that begin with the first letters of a series of words
• Acronyms-words that are made by joining the first letters of a series of words
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Planets
• To be remembered: The planets, in order of their distance from the sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, PlutoMnemonic Device: MVEMJSUNP = My Very Earnest Mother Just Served Us Nine Pickles
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Colors of the Rainbow
• To be remembered: The colors of the rainbow, in order: Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet. Mnemonic Device: ROY G. BIV (A made-up name) - OR - Richard Of York Gave Battle In Vain
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Great Lakes
• To be remembered: The Great Lakes, from west to east: Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, SuperiorMnemonic Device: Some Men Hate Each Other. - OR - (not in order) HOMES
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Lines of Treble Staff
• To be remembered: The lines of the treble staff - EGBDFMnemonic Device: Every Good Boy Does Fine - OR - Every Good Boy Deserves Fudge
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Spaces of the Base Staff
• To be remembered: The spaces of the base staff: ACEGMnemonic Device: All Cows Eat Grass
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Rhymes• 30 Days has September,
April, June, and November. All the rest have 31, except February.
• In fourteen hundred and ninety-two Columbus sailed the Ocean Blue.
• "i" before "e," except after "c," or in sounding like "ay" as in "neighbor" or "weigh."