Consumer behavior and the influence of brands
-
Upload
dhruba-jyoti-chakraborty -
Category
Business
-
view
441 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Consumer behavior and the influence of brands
CONSUMER BEHAVIOR AND THE INFLUENCE OF BRANDS
• Think of an important purchasing decision
you have made
• What are some of the thoughts you have had
following your purchase? Any regrets?
• What has influenced those thoughts?
• How have you dealt with the discomfort?
• How has the company anticipated or dealt with
your discomfort?
Decision Processing
WHAT'S IN A NAME
If Shakespeare were writing today, he probably would leave out the lines:
"What's in a name? That which we call a rose /
By any other name would smell as sweet.“
Why?
Because studies have shown that, in all probability, sticking that rose in a
Coca-Cola can or a MacDonald's wrapper would really make people
perceive it as smelling that much sweeter.
IS THIS PERCEPTION OF BRANDING AND CONSUMER BEHAVIOR RIGHT
The Answer is No
A brand is more than a name - it is the sum total of a consumer's
experiences with a recognizable product - and it is powerful.
HOW DOES BRANDING HELP PURCHASE DECISIONS
Branding on packaging acts as an important cue to guide
consumer choice in the retail environment.
From a psychological perspective, branding on packaging
serves two important purposes, crucial to decision making:
1) It guides consumers' attention, drawing attention to certain
brands.
2) It allows consumers to recognize and find familiar brands.
SOME EXAMPLES OF REMARKABLE BRANDING ON PACKAGING
THE IMPACT OF REDUCED BRANDING ON CONSUMER CHOICE.
Reducing the branding on packaging can influence
consumer behavior by
Reducing attention to and recognition of certain brands.
Strong evidence from the recognition data suggested that
reducing the size of a logo on packaging impairs consumers'
ability to recognize and find a brand they are looking for.
THE IMPACT OF COPYCAT BRANDING ON CONSUMER CHOICE.
Copycat branding can influence consumer choice.
There is an unmistakable impact of perceptually similar
(copycat) brands on an established brand.
In cases where an established brand was displayed alongside a
copycat supermarket brand, participants were slower and more
inaccurate in identifying the established brand.
CLUTTERED RETAIL ENVIRONMENT
In today's cluttered retail environment, consumers are overwhelmed with
choice.
In order to make such fast decisions, consumers need to use mental
shortcuts, or heuristics, to guide their choices.
Perhaps the most powerful mental shortcut available to the consumer is
branding.
Branding on packaging allows us to quickly and efficiently select from a
huge array of products.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MECHANISMS THAT GUIDE CUSTOMERS’ CHOICES
Different types of branding practices can effect consumers choices in a
number of different ways.
First, branding can influence whether consumers notice a product or not,
that is, how much attention is paid to a product.
Second, branding can influence whether and how quickly consumers
recognize a product. This recognition and subsequent memory retrieval
then have a knock-on effect on how consumers feel about that product.
Branding ultimately works as a signal. It allows consumers to quickly
recognize a product as one they are familiar with or one they like. It acts
as a memory cue, allowing consumers to retrieve relevant information
from memory.
BRANDING INCREASES PRODUCT KNOWLEDGE AND HELPS IN BUYING
DECISIONS
Brand image: defined by entire array of associations activated from
memory when consumers think about a brand
May involve product attributes and associations
May also include endorsers, ad campaigns, symbols, product slogans,
etc.
PRODUCT KNOWLEDGE
Image analysis: involves examining the current set of brand
associations that exist in the marketplace
Identify attributes and associations that come to mind about the brand
Assess strengths of associations
Examine what an association represents in the consumer’s psyche
BRANDING GOES A LONG WAY IN BUILDING PRODUCTS
Every ad contributes to make the brand what it is in the minds of the
consumer – David Ogilvy
A company’s brand is the primary source of its competitive advantage
and is a very valuable strategic asset – David Aaker
It Emotional bond with the customer
It Generates relationships measurably stronger than ordinary brands
BRAND CHALLENGES IN A CHANGING WORLD
Brand management is as difficult as ever
Savvy consumers
Increased competition
Decreased effectiveness of traditional marketing tools and
emergence of new marketing tools
Complex brand and product portfolios
BRANDING IS BECOMING IMPORTANT
Brands are important as ever Why?
Consumer need for simplification
Consumer need for risk reduction
In this difficult environment, marketers must have a keen
understanding of:
Customers
Brands
The relationship between the two
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BRANDS AND THE CONSUMER
It is important for the potential consumers to be aware of a product
so that it can become one of the purchasing choices.
A product needs to enter the awareness set before it comes to the
consideration set
If Manufacturers learn how to read their consumers, they can
influence their purchasing decisions.
And this is exactly what they do by branding a product and working
towards its selling power.
A brand allows organizations to differentiate their business from their
competitors. But more importantly, brands help to motivate
customer loyalty.
AIDA Model
Attention
Interest
Desire
Action
Hierarchy of
Effects Model
Think
Feel
Do
Key Advertising
Effects Model Perception
Cognition Association
Affective Response
Persuasion
Behavior
Three Models of Advertising Effect
THE AFFECTIVE OR EMOTIONAL RESPONSE
• Mirrors a person’s feelings about something
• Stimulates wants
• Touches the emotions
• Creates feelings
Wants
• Influenced more by
emotion or desire
• Desire is based on
wishes, longings,
and cravings
Emotions
• Agitates passions or
feelings
WHY CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENTS
They motivate consumers
They increase awareness
They create positive feelings towards brands, connect user to
brand
They are used as fire fighters
They provide credibility that reinforces consumer confidence in
brands.
They also act as trendsetters in categories such as fashion,
music, entertainment watches and mobiles.
(Eg: Swatch watch and Dev Anand’s hat.)
INDIAN CONSUMER MENTALITY
They look up to certain public faces and aspire to be one among them
Brand Ambassadors connect with a sense of attachment
They give Word of Mouth opinions to the Indian consumers
SIX USES OF CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT
Establishes Credibility
Attracts Attention
Associative Benefit
Psychographic Connect
Demographic Connect
Mass Appeal
BRANDING WITH CONTEMPORARY RELEVANCE
Sometimes Brands leverage contemporary events to make a
connect with the consumer
It could be something to do with sports, politics or even a scientific
invention that could change the way people look at the world
It ultimately helps Brand recall and facilitates purchase
CUSTOMER-BASED BRAND EQUITY MODEL
Basic premise:
Power of a brand resides in the minds of customers
Challenge is to ensure customers have the right types of experiences
with products & services and their marketing programs to create the
right brand knowledge structures:
Thoughts
Feelings
Images
Perceptions
Attitudes
IS THE CUSTOMER
REALLY THE KING