Considerations for Qualifying Elastomers Used in Artificial ......NORSOK Standard M-710. Edition 3,...

Oct. 23 - 27, 20172017 Gas-Lift Workshop 1

Considerations for Qualifying Elastomers

Used in Artificial Lift Equipment

• Edward de St. Remey, Sr. Mechanical Engineer,

Artificial Lift

• Shell International Exploration and Production

40th Gas-Lift WorkshopHouston, Texas, USAOct. 23 – 27, 2017

Outline

• Life Evaluation Statement

• High-Temperature

– O-Ring Seal Stack

– Elastomer Ratings

– Accelerated Aging

• High-Pressure

– Elastomer Selection

– Rapid Gas Decompression


Life Evaluation Statement


When we specify an O-ring or support seal, we know it will last forever

High-Pressure, High Temperature


BSEE –Defines HPHT as >350F and/or >15Kpsi

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Te

mp

era

ture

, °F

Pressure, Kpsi

High Pressure High Temperature Conditions

High-Pressure, High Temperature


BSEE –Defines HPHT as >350F and/or >15Kpsi

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Te

mp

era

ture

, °F

Pressure, Kpsi

High Pressure High Temperature Environment

FFKM - Kalrez®

EPDM –Nordel®

FKM - Viton®

Gas-Lift Seal Stack Example


Life Acceptance Criteria DW Offshore


➢ Life Expectancy Range – 10 years to 25 years

➢ Temperature Range - 150° C (302° F) to 177° C (350 ° F)

➢ Pressure Range - up to 1170 Bar (17,000 psi)

Elastomer Selection By Temperature


http://ph.parker.com/us/17563/en/perfluorelastomer-80-durometer-o-ring-low-particle-purple-ff376-80

http://www.parker.com/literature/O-Ring%20Division%20Literature/ORD%205700.pdf

Temperature Aging, A Closer Look



Thermal Aging Testing

Oct. 23 - 27, 20172017 Gas-Lift Workshop

10

Svante Arrhenius

➢ Arrhenius Equation indicating temperature dependence on reaction rates➢ Determine failure rates at high temperature –extrapolate to design temperature➢ With rate-limited homogenous processes, for each ~10° C rise in temperature the

reaction rate doubles

* API TR 6J1, Elastomer Life Estimation Testing Procedures, First Edition, August 2000

Life Examples of Accelerated Aging


• 69 year old truck driver (for 28 years) received more sunlight on his left side, resulting in premature aging

• 72 year old monk with little sun exposure

Elastomer Selection by Pressure



“It’s all about the gap.”Wayne Mabry Gas-Lift SME

Rapid Gas Decompression (RGD)


NORSOK M-710 Inspection of O-Ring

NORSOK Standard M-710. Edition 3, September 2014, Qualification of non-metallic materials and manufacturers – Polymers, 24 pages.

Life Example of Rapid Gas Decompression


Conclusions

In HPHT Gas-Lift Applications:

• Verify maximum temperature exposure and time

frame of application

• Verify pressure exposure and limit rate of

pressure reduction

• Verify life of elastomers by performing

qualification testing using accelerated aging

techniques



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– Place it on the www.alrdc.com web site, with access to the site to be as directed by the Workshop Steering Committee.

– Place it on a CD for distribution and/or sale as directed by the Workshop Steering Committee.

Other uses of this presentation are prohibited without the expressed written permission of the company(ies) and/or author(s) who own it and the Workshop Steering Committee.


Disclaimer

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The Artificial Lift Research and Development Council and its officers and trustees, and the Gas-Lift Workshop Steering Committee members, and their supporting organizations and companies (here-in-after referred to as the Sponsoring Organizations), and the author(s) of this Technical Presentation or Continuing Education Training Course and their company(ies), provide this presentation and/or training material at the Gas-Lift Workshop "as is" without any warranty of any kind, express or implied, as to the accuracy of the information or the products or services referred to by any presenter (in so far as such warranties may be excluded under any relevant law) and these members and their companies will not be liable for unlawful actions and any losses or damage that may result from use of any presentation as a consequence of any inaccuracies in, or any omission from, the information which therein may be contained.

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Considerations for Qualifying Elastomers Used in Artificial ......NORSOK Standard M-710. Edition 3,...

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