CONNECTORS

BUILDING SENTENCES

CONNECTORS OF CONTRAST (to show opposing information)

IN SPITE OF ( tot i …)

DESPITE (tot i…)

+ NOUN PHRASEIN SPITE OF the calories I love burgers NOUN PHRASEDESPITE the calories I love burgers NOUN PHRASE

ALTHOUGH (tot i que…)

EVEN IF (fins i tot si…)

WHILE (mentres )

+ SUBORDINATE CLAUSE•ALTHOUGH burgers contain a lot of fat, they’re delicious SUBORDINATE CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE•EVEN IF we study hard, we won’t pass the exam SUBORDINATE CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE• WHILE I was running, it was rainning SUBORDINATE CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

HOWEVER, ( tot i això…)ON THE CONTRARY, ( al contrari)BUT, ( però)ON ONE HAND ( per una banda)/ON THE OTHER HAND ( per altra banda)

+ SENTENCE ( note the comma)Burgers are tasty. HOWEVER, they contain a lot of fat SENTENCEI know fast food is not healthy. ON THE CONTRARY, it may cause serious health problems.SENTENCEON ONE HAND I found the speech interesting, ON THE OTHER HAND I didn’t agree with it.

CONNECTORS OF CAUSE AND REASON

BECAUSE OF ( degut a…)

THANKS TO ( gràcies a…)

AS A RESULT OF ( com a conseqüència de…)

+NOUN PHRASE

He lost the game BECAUSE OF his illness NOUN PHRASEShe passed the exam THANKS TO Marta

He expects to lose 15 kilos AS A RESULT OF the dietNOUN PHRASE

BECAUSE ( perquè)

SINCE Ja que….ASSEEING THAT

+ SUBORDINATE CLAUSE

He went on a diet BECAUSE he had serious problems MAIN CLAUSE CONNECTOR SUBORDINATE CLAUSE

SINCE/AS/SEEING THAT he had serious health problems,CONNECTORS SUBORDINATE CLAUSEhe went on a dietMAIN CLAUSE

CONNECTORS OF ADDITION: to add information or points on a topic

IN ADDITION TO (a més de)

BESIDES (a més de)

APART FROM (a part de)

IN ADDITION TO obesity, fast food causes serious health problemsBESIDES obesity, fast food causes serious health problemsAPART FROM obesity, fast food causes serious health problems

AND (i)

ALSO (també) We use it in front of the verb.

TOO ( també)We use it at the end of the sentence.

(these are conjuntions within sentence)

I like cheese AND vegetables

Fast food causes obesity. It may ALSO cause health problems.

Fast food causes obesity AND it may cause health problems TOO.

CONNECTORS OF RESULT

SO ( per tant)

AS A CONSEQUENCE ( com a conseqüència)

FOR THIS REASON ( per aquest motiu)

+ SENTENCE

They were late, SO they missed the train

The flood destroyed the village. AS A CONSEQUENCE a lot of people lost their homes.

The exam was very difficult. FOR THIS REASON many people failed the exam.

Some practice…

1. But or so ?. The film was very long …….. it was interesting

…….. we got home late.

. The restaurant is very expensive ……the food is terrible …….only rich people can go

there

. They didn’t have any money ……..they wanted to go to a hotel

……...they couldn’t go to a hotel

Some practice…

1. But or so ?. The film was very long but it was interesting

so we got home late.

. The restaurant is very expensive but the food is terrible so only rich people can go

there

. They didn’t have any money but they wanted to go to a hotel

so they couldn’t go to a hotel

Fill in the blanks with a suitable contrast connector

However, in spite of, despite, on the other hand, although

1. Maria didn’t get a promotion ______________ her qualifications.2. On the one hand you could rent a flat instead of buying

one.______________________ you have to pay money each month and the flat isn’t yours.

3. _______________Albert was advised on the risks, he decided to travel alone to South America.

4. The city has a 50 km speed limit. ______________people are often caught speeding.

5. He always looks so lonely and sad ______________ his popularity.

Fill in the blanks with a suitable contrast connector

However, in spite of, despite, on the other hand, although

1. Maria didn’t get a promotion despite/in spite of her qualifications.2. On the one hand you could rent a flat instead of buying one. On

the other hand you have to pay money each month and the flat isn’t yours.

3. Altough Albert was advised on the risks, he decided to travel alone to South America.

4. The city has a 50 km speed limit. However people are often caught speeding.

5. He always looks so lonely and sad in spite of/despite his popularity.

JOIN EACH PAIR OF SENTENCES• BE CAREFUL WHERE YOU PUT THE WORDS IN

BRACKETS ( ALTHOUGH, IN SPITE OF, DESPITE)

1. Dave smokes. He seems to be in good health ( although)2. Max didn’t notice the sign. It was right in front of him ( even

though)3. Kate never learnt Spanish. She lived in Spain for many years

( although)

Joe is a millionaire .He hates spending money. ( despite

JOIN EACH PAIR OF SENTENCES• BE CAREFUL WHERE YOU PUT THE WORDS IN

BRACKETS ( ALTHOUGH, IN SPITE OF, DESPITE)

1. Although Dave smokes. He seems to be in good health 2. Max didn’t notice the sign even though It was right in front of

him 3. Kate never learnt Spanish although She lived in Spain for many

years

by Eva Hugas