Conjunctions, Interjuction, n Prepositions Notes

8/12/2019 Conjunctions, Interjuction, n Prepositions Notes

1/10

CONJUNCTIONS

Conjunction is a word which is used to link a word or a group of words to the other part of the

sentences and it shows the relationship between them.

There are four kinds of Conjunction as follow:

1) Coordinating Conjunctions

2) Correlative Conjunctions

3) Subordinating Conjunction

4) Adverbial Conjunctions!in"ing Adverbs

1) COO#$INATIN% CONJUNCTION

Coordinating conjunction is used to join a single word like noun, pronoun, adjective, verb,adverb, phrase or clause. There are seven Coordinating conjunctions that are called FAN!"#.The$ are For, And, Nor, ut, !r, "et and #o.

&or'ula(

#entence % , % FAN!"# % #entence

&'ample:

(. #he stares at me, for she loves me.

). * know $ou, and * pit$ $ou, too.

+. e can-t dive a car, nor can $ou dive it.

. #he is honest with him, but he doesn-t believe her.

/. 0on-t move, or * will kill $ou.

1. The$ didn-t learn their lessons, $et the$ passed their lessons.

2. 3e are tired, so we stopped pla$ing football.

&or( is used to show a reason or a cause.

&'ample: 3e come here, for we want learn &nglish.
http://advancegrammar.blogspot.com/search/label/CONJUNCTIONShttp://advancegrammar.blogspot.com/search/label/CONJUNCTIONS


2/10

And( is used to show additional information.

&'ample: #he misses me, and she also loves me.

Nor( is used to show impossible result.

&'ample: #he doesn-t love $ou, nor does she pit$ $ou.

ut( is used to show the differences.

&'ample: The$ have man$ friends, but he still feels lonel$.

Or( is used to show another choice.

&'ample: #tudents must learn their lesson, or the$ will fail the e'ams.

*et(is used to show une'pected result.

&'ample: 3e stud$ hard, $et we still fail our e'ams.

So(is used to show the result.

&'ample: #he is ver$ beautiful and friendl$, so ever$ bod$ falls in love with her.

2) CO##+!ATI,+ CONJUNCTION

Correlative conjunctions are conjunctions which are used in pair and the$ emphasi4e the

elements that join together. There are four pairs of Correlative conjunctions as follow:

(5 oth .........................and...............................

)5 &ither .......................or.................................

+5 Neither.....................nor................................

5 Not onl$ ..................but also.........................

&'ample:

6 * drink both wineandbeer. 7noun with noun5

6 #he either eatscake or drinkbeer. 7verb with verb5

6 e is neitherfamousnorpopular. 7adjective with adjective5


3/10

6 #he speaks not onl$s-eetl.but also so/tl.. 7adverb with adverb5

3) SUO#$INATIN% CONJUNCTION

#ubordinating conjunctions are a word or phrase which is used to join the une8ual elements. !neelement is called 9main clause and another is called 9subordinate clause which cannot stand

alone. Those #ubordinating Conjunctions are:

A/ter0 altoug0 as0 as 'uc as0 because0 be/ore0 o-0 i/0

in order tat0 since0 tan0 tat0 unless0 until0 -at0

-ere0 -en0 -ic0 -.0 -o0 -o'0 -ose0 -oever0

-atever

&'ample:

6 #he is honest although she is poor.

6 * hope to see $ou before $ou go somewhere tomorrow.

6 e will kill himself unless she loves him.

6 #he loves whoever is humble and kind.

4) A$,+#IA! CONJUNCTIONS !ININ% A$,+#S

Adverbial conjunctions;


4/10

Formula:

#entence % = %


5/10

*nterjections are words or phrases which are used to e'press emotion or to catch the reader-s

attention. *nterjections are rarel$ used in formal or business writing. The$ usuall$ use

interjections in advertising, fiction, informal writingandpersonal letter.

1) COON INT+#J+CTION 5O#$S

A0 alas0 congratulation0 good grie/0 great0 el60 e.0

oora.0 urr.0 '. goodness0 never0 no0 no -a.0 o0

oug0 outstanding0 ug0 -o-7

&'ample:

6 Congratulation "ou pass $our e'am.

6 !uch * cut m$ finger.

6 elp *-m going to fall down.

2) +8C!AATION ST#UCTU#+

&'clamations are often constructed with 9how, what, soand such.

a5 &'clamation with 9how

Formula(:

ow % Adjective %

&'ample:

6 Apple ow nice

6 Bohn ow handsome

Formula):

ow % Adjective;Adverb % #ubject % erb %

+9a'6le(

6 ow hot it is


6/10

6 ow beautifull$ she sings

b5 &'clamation with 9what

&or'ula1:

3hat % a;an % Adjective % #ingular Countable Noun %

+9a'6le(

6 3hat a lovel$ girl

6 3hat an honest friend

&or'ula2(

3hat % Adjective % @lural Noun;Dncountable Noun %

+9a'6le(

6 3hat clever students

6 3hat nice soup

Formula+:

3hat % !bject % #ubject % erb %

&'ample:

6 3hat a beautiful smile she has

6 3hat a friendl$ student he is

c5 &'clamation with 9so

Formula:

#o % Adjective;Adverb %

&'ample:

6 e walks so fast

6 The$ are so generous


7/10

d5 &'clamation with 9such

Formula(:

#uch % a;an % 7Adjective5 % #ingular Countable Noun %

&'ample:

6 #he is such a mean girl

6 e is such a talkative person

Formula):

#uch % 7Adjective5 % @lural Noun;Dncountable Noun %

&'ample:

6 The$ have such lovel$ children

6 e drinks such strong coffee

3) :UNCTUATION

#trong interjections are punctuated with an e'clamation point. 73ow !uch oora$5. The first

word following the e'clamation point is capitali4ed since it is the first word in a new sentence.

?ilder interjections are set off b$ commas and often introduce a sentence 7indeed, $es, well5.

The word following the comma is not capitali4ed because it is a continuation of the same

sentence.

#trong interjection:

6 +9cellent; That was a perfect dive.

6 "ou ma$ be sa$ing, 9e$ 3h$ is the office coldE

?ild interjection:

6 No, we can-t visit $ou this summer.

6 5ell, * just thought *-d ask.

:#+:OSITION


8/10

$+&INITION(@reposition is a word that is used to place before noun or pronoun to show the

relationship between them.

There are man$ prepositions in &nglish. The$ are:

In0 Into0 Out o/0 On0 Onto0 Onto o/0 At0 O//0 Inside0Outside0 Above0 elo-0 Over0 Under0 Underneat0 In

/ront o/0 eind0 O66osite0 et-een0 Near0 Ne9t to0

eside0 .0 Along0 Across0 Troug0 U60 $o-n0 :ast0

Around

3e divide prepositions into three important kinds.

1) :re6osition o/ :lace

2) :re6osition o/ ove'ent

3) :re6osition o/ Ti'e

1) :#+:OSITION O& :!AC+

There are man$ kinds of preposition of place like *n, At and !n...

+9a'6le

6* like swimming in the sea.

6 #he meets me at the station.

6 e puts the picture on the wall.

2) :#+:OSITION O& O,++NT

There are man$ kinds of preposition of movement like *nto, !ut of, !nto, !ff...

+9a'6le

6 * fall into the river.

6 e comes out of the room.

6 A cat jumps onto the table.


9/10

6 A woman jumps off the bridge.

3) :#+:OSITION O& TI+

There are three kinds of preposition of time. The$ are At, *n and !n.

3e use At with 7Clock, ?eal, >eligious, Festival...5

+9a'6le

6 3e have breakfast at 1 o-clock.

6 At breakfast the$ talk a lot.

6 All m$ friends come to meet each other at m$ birthda$.

3e use *nwith 7#eason, ?onth, "ear, Centur$, @art of the da$... 5

+9a'6le

6 *t rains a lot in rain$ season.

6 The$ will come back in Bune.

6 opha gets married in )2.

3e use !n with 70a$, 0ate...5

+9a'6le

< * fl$ to the D#A on #aturda$.

6 #he makes an appointment with me on the )ndof ?a$.

NOT+(3e do not use *n, !n and Atbefore these words 7Ne't,


10/10

+9a'6le(

6 The mirror is over the sink.

6 The sink is under the mirror.

3e use 9Aboveand elow for thing that is higher or lower than another thing but it is not

direct vertical relationship.

+9a'6le(

6 The mirror is above the toilet.

6 The toilet is below the mirror.

3e use 9!n time to mean Gat e'actl$ the right time-.

+9a'6le(The bus leaves at 1: ever$ da$, so the bus leaves on time.

3e use 9*n time to mean Gearl$ enough-.

+9a'6le(* stud$ &nglish at 2: and ever$da$ arrive at school at 1:, so * come to stud$ in

time.

3e use 9At the end mean Gat the point where something stops-.

+9a'6le(At the end of the film * felt ver$ happ$.

3e use 9*n the end to mean Gfinall$ or after some time-.

+9a'6le(* don-t know where to go toda$, but in the end * decided to sta$ at home.

Conjunctions, Interjuction, n Prepositions Notes

Documents

Transcript of Conjunctions, Interjuction, n Prepositions Notes