Confined spacesHazards of confined spaces

Feed bins• Toxic gases

(carbon dioxide if wet feed)• Low oxygen environment• Engulfment (by grain)• Entrapment

(in the bottom of the bin• Bacteria and moulds

2

Cardboard compactor

3

• Low oxygen environment• Entrapment (in the equipment)• Bacteria and moulds

(wet cardboard)• Mechanical parts

(hydraulic equipment)

Irrigation pump station

• Toxic gases• Bacteria and moulds• Drowning• Electrocution

4

Silos

• Toxic gases• Low oxygen• Engulfment (by silage)• Bacteria and moulds

5

Manure storage tank• Toxic gases

(carbon dioxide if wet feed)• Low oxygen• Bacteria• Drowning• Mechanical parts

(agitators, pumps)6

Conveyor tunnel

• Toxic gases• Low oxygen• Bacteria and

moulds• Mechanical

parts7

Soil processor

8

• Toxic gases (carbon dioxide)• Low oxygen• Bacteria and mould• Pesticide residues• Mechanical parts

Water tank

9

• Low oxygen• Bacteria and moulds• Cleaning chemicals• Drowning

Feed mixer

10

• Toxic gases (if not cleaned for a long time)

• Bacteria and moulds• Mechanical parts

(augers, hydraulics)

11

Hazards of confined spacesAtmosphere • Toxic gases (carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide,

ammonia)• Low oxygen environment• Explosive (methane, gasoline, propane)

Biological • Bacteria and moulds• Vermin (spiders, snakes)

Physical • Entrapment (trapped in a small space)• Engulfment (buried in material, e.g., grain)• Drowning (water, milk, liquid manure)• Machinery (conveyors, mixers, augers)• Electric shock• High temperature (steam, radiant heat)• Low temperature • Noise