Confidential to Trianz Inc. 1. 2 Introduction to Unix and its architecture Learn to use basic Unix...
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Transcript of Confidential to Trianz Inc. 1. 2 Introduction to Unix and its architecture Learn to use basic Unix...
Confidential to Trianz Inc. •1
Confidential to Trianz Inc. •2
• Introduction to Unix and its architecture
• Learn to use basic Unix commands
• Learn to use vi editor
• Learn to write shell scripts
• Learn to register and run shell scripts from oracle applications
Confidential to Trianz Inc.
What is UNIX ?
UNIX is an operating system co-created by AT&T Bell Labs researchers Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson in the late 1960s.
Unix is a multitasking, multiuser, programming environment.
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Confidential to Trianz Inc. •4
Confidential to Trianz Inc.
Kernel – is the single large program which resides in the memory which is the operating system. It manages File system, Memory, I/O and Processes.
Shell – is a command interpreter which provides the user interface for the UNIX operating system.
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
HP-UX - HP UNIX developed by HP
SunOS and Solaris – Developed by Sun Microsystems
AIX – Developed by IBM
SCO Unix – Developed by SCO
Linux - Free Source code
BSD – Berkley Software Design
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
Bourne shell (sh) C shell (csh) TC shell (tcsh) Korn shell (ksh) Bourne Again SHell (bash)
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
Bourne C TC Korn BASH
Command history No Yes Yes Yes Yes
Command alias No Yes Yes Yes Yes
Shell scripts Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Filename completion No Yes* Yes Yes* Yes
Command line editing No No Yes Yes* Yes
Job control No Yes Yes Yes Yes
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* not the default setting for this shell
Confidential to Trianz Inc.
There are three types of file access supported by UNIX. r – read, view the contents of a file or a directory w – write, edit file/directory contents x – execute, run executable file
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Confidential to Trianz Inc. •10
- rwx r-x r-- 1 user1 oracle 858 Feb 22 22:28 file1.txt
typeowner
group
size
Modification date/time
File name
User permissions
Group permissions
Other Permissions
links
For example:
Suppose you type in ls -l and the result is
Confidential to Trianz Inc.
ls - List directory contents
cd - Change the current directory
cp - Copy files and directories
mv - Move (rename) files
mkdir - Make a directory
rm - Remove files or directories (Use with Caution)
rmdir – Delete a directory (Use with Caution)
echo – Display a line of text
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
cat – Concatenate files and print on the std output
date – Print the system date and time
head – Output the first part of files
tail – Output the last part of files
pwd – Print name of current/Working Directory
man – Format and display the on-line manual pages
who – Show who is logged on
chmod - Change file access permissions
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
grep – Print lines matching a pattern
find – Search for files in a directory hierarchy
diff – Find differences between two files
ps - Report process status
cut – Remove sections from each line of files
su – run a shell with substitute user and group IDs
wc - Print the number of bytes, words, and lines in files
ln - Make links between files
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
alias/unalias - Shorthand for a command or commands
sort - Sort lines of text files
exit – Exit the current shell with status
shift – Shift positional parameters
env – Display the environment variables
logout - Exit a login shell
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
There are 2 types of variables in Unix. Environment variables Shell variables
As per conventions environment variables will be in uppercase and Shell variables will be in lowercase.
Example : APPL_TOP=/srv/115102/inst/visapplpathseg=/home/oracle/bintoday=`date`
export – to export the variable to the environment
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
Redirection operators:Output redirection : >, |, >>
Input redirection : <
Example: cat test1 test2 > test3cat test2 >> test1ls –l | grep newsort < test.txt > sortedtest.txt
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
vi – Visual text editor
vi <file_name> - to open the any text file in vi editor.
Two modes of vi Command mode – Esc key Insert mode – a or i
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
a - enter append mode
i - enter insert mode
h - move cursor left
j - move cursor down
k - move cursor up
l - move cursor right
x - delete char under cursor
r - replace one character under the cursor
u - undo the last change to the file
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
^ - Goto the beginning of the line
$ - Goto the end of the line
[n]dd - delete line/lines from the cursor position
[n]yy - yank (copy) line/lines from the cursor position
p - paste the yanked line/lines below the cursor position
ctrl-f - Scroll forwards one page
ctrl-b - Scroll backwards one page
:w - Save the file
:q - quit vi
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
Conventionally, a shell script should start with a line: #!/bin/ksh
Example shell script#!/bin/bashecho “Hello $USER”echo “Today is “ `date`echo “You are in directory $PWD”exit 0
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
Ex: ls –lrt, myshell.sh oracle
$1 to $9 – will give the arguments 1 to 9. To get remaining we need to use shift command.
$@ - will give the complete list of all the arguments to that shell.
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
Conditionals, if/then/elif if list then
list [elif list then list] ...
[else list] fi
Example: if [ $x -lt $y ] # is $x less than $y ? then
echo “$y is greater than $x” fi
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
For loops for name in w1 w2 ...
do command-listdone
Example:for X in red green bluedo
echo $Xdone
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
While Loopswhile command-list1
do command-list2done
Example:x=0while [ $x -le 20 ]do
echo $xx=`expr $x + 1`
done
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
$? - returns 0 if the last command is executed successfully,else non zero.
$# - returns the number of arguments.
$! - returns the last command PID run in bg (using &)
$$ - returns the current shell PID
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
sqlplus -s <userid>/<passwd>@<dbsid> @<filepath>/<filename>
Example 1: sqlplus -s $UID/$PWD@$CONSTR@$EXECDIR/sql/oa_com_monitor_cmrun
Example 2 :st_date=`sqlplus -s $UID/$PWD@$CONSTR << EOFset head offset feedback offselect to_char(sysdate-15,'DD-MON-YYYY') from dual;EOF`
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Confidential to Trianz Inc.
The shell script can have either of the 2 extensions..prog or .sh
.prog :1. Create a soft link to the shell without extension to
$FND_TOP/bin/fndcpesrEx: ln -s $FND_TOP/bin/fndcpesr $FND_TOP/bin/TEST
2. Grant execute permission to the both the files (.prog and the file without extension)Ex: chmod +x TEST.prog TEST
.sh :No need to create a soft link.
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Confidential to Trianz Inc. •28
Differences b/w .prog and .sh
.prog: will get the following parameters as default to the shell.
$1 - Connection string (userid/passwd@dbsid)
$2 - Fnd user id
$3 - Fnd user
$4 - Request id
.sh : will only get one parameter which as all the above along with some additional ones.
Ex: FCP_REQID=250898 FCP_LOGIN="APPS/APPS" FCP_USERID=1117 FCP_USERNAME="SRVCMGR" FCP_PRINTER="noprint" FCP_SAVE_OUT=Y FCP_NUM_COPIES=0
Confidential to Trianz Inc.
QUESTIONS ??
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