Computer's Applications in Management-for layman
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Transcript of Computer's Applications in Management-for layman
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Welcome to
Computer Basics
KapilEmail:[email protected]
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Computer Hardware
External:
The most common types
of hardware are
Monitor Keyboard
Mouse
System Unit
Printer
Speakers/headphones
Internal:
Memory [RAM temp]
Microprocessor chip
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CPU
The CPU is the Central Processing Unit.
This is the chip that actually runs the
computer. The CPU interprets the
software to tell the other hardware what to
do.
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Hard Drive
The hard drive is not removable from the
computer. It is the permanent storage
area for the computer.
The hard drive is the computer's electronic
filing cabinet. It holds the operating
system, files, programs, and documents.
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Disk Drives There are several different types of
disk drives. The most common are
floppy andC
D-ROM drives. DVDdrives are becoming more common.
CD-ROM drives are used to read CD-
ROMs and music CDs. CDs hold more
information than a floppy, but still lessthan the hard drive.
DVD, Flash Drives, Portable Disks
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Memory There are two kinds of memory for a computer:
RAM
RAM is Random Access Memory. It is the working memoryof the computer. If the computer is turned off, this memory is
erased. Files are saved from RAM to the hard drive.
ROM
ROM is Read Only Memory. This is permanent memory that
stores essential software for the computer.
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Software The operating system is the most
important piece of software for the
computer.
There are many different types of software
available for computers.
Software can also be called programs
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Types of Software Word Processing
Presentation
Spreadsheet
Internet Browser
Drawing
Database creation
Photo Editing
Video Editing
Virus Checking
Specialty software
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Operating System The operating system is the main control
program of the computer.
It schedules tasks, communicates with
hardware and peripherals and presents
the basic user interface.
All other software on the computer mustcommunicate with the operating system.
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Interfaces An interface is the way the user tells the
software what to do and how the computer
displays information and options to the user. Originally, all computers had text-based
interfaces.
A text-based interface means that the user must
type in all the commands. If you mis-type, youhave to backspace to your error, which eraseswhat you already typed.
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Library Software
The librarys computers have limited
software.
They have the following types:
Word processing (Word)
Spreadsheet (Excel)
Presentation (PowerPoint)
Web browsing (Internet Explorer)
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DATABASE SEQUEL.SQL
Create, drop, alter: for tables
Insert, delete, update: for records
Grant, revoke: for permission
Select: for query
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Internet topology
AutonomousSystem
AutonomousSystem
AutonomousSystem
AutonomousSystem
AutonomousSystem
AutonomousSystem
AutonomousSystem
AutonomousSystem
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Internet as a Mass Medium One to one emails,
chat
Many to Many forums, conversations
Synchronous - Mixed
Asynchronous Access Websites
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Internet elements
IP address
IPv4: 32bits address space
IPv6: 128bits address space
Who will allocate IP address?
Local Internet Registry (LIR)
ISPs
National Internet Registry (NIR)
TWNIC
in Taiwan, JPNIC
in Japan Regional Internet Registry (RIR)
APNIC in Asia/Pacific, ARIN in North America
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)
Top level of IP & AS number assigned
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Internet elements Network topology in ISP POP
Three layers architecture
Core layer
Distribution layer
Access layer
ISP POP Distributionlayer
Core layer
Access layer