Midterm study guide

Art I 8000 Semester IConcepts

LineLine: The path of a moving point made by a tool, instrument, or medium as it moves across an area. A line is usually made visible because it contrasts in value with its surroundings. Three-dimensional lines may be made using string, wire, tubes, solid rods, and the like.

Contour: In art, the line that defines the outermost limits of an object or a drawn or painted shape. It is sometimes considered to be synonymous with outline; as such, it indicates an edge that also may be defined by the extremities of dark, light, texture, or color.

Contour drawing

Cross-contour: A line that moves across a shape or object to define the surface undulations between the outermost edges.

Cross-contour drawing

Hatching: Repeated strokes of an art tool, producing clustered (usually parallel) lines that create values.

Hatching and Cross-hatching drawing

Cross-hatching: In cross-hatching, similar lines to previous hutching pass over the hatched lines in a different direction, usually resulting in darker values.

Hatching and Cross-hatching drawing

Blending: Create a smooth transition from light to dark or dark to light. In color, the same transition from one color to another.

Line grossening: Change in thickness of any line. The thickness of the lines can change value within the area: wide lines appear dark and narrow lines appear light.

Perspective

One-point perspective

Two-point perspective

Color

Color Wheel

Primary Color Wheel Chart

Primary Colors: Colors at their basic essence; those colors that cannot be created by mixing others.The primary colors are red, blue and yellow. All other colors are derived from these three colors.

Secondary Color Wheel Chart

Secondary Colors: Those colors achieved by a mixture of two primaries.The secondary color wheel chart comprising of yellow, orange, red, purple, blue, green contains colors formed by mixing together the three primary (or pigment) colors.

Tertiary Color Wheel Chart

Tertiary Colors: Those colors achieved by a mixture of primary and secondary hues.The tertiary color wheel chart is made up of colors created by mixing a primary (or pigment) color and secondary color together. Tertiary Colors are most commonly given a two word name such as yellow-orange, red-purple, red-orange, blue-green, blue-purple and yellow-green.

Complementary ColorsThe colors that are positioned opposite one another are complementary colors.

Analogous Colors

Analogous Colors: Those colors located close together on a color wheel.

Warm and cool colors

Advancing hues are most often thought to have less visual weight than the receding hues. Most often warm, saturated, light value hues are "active" and visually advance. Cool, low saturated, dark value hues are "passive" and visually recede.

Tints or hues with a low saturation appear lighter than shades or highly saturated colors. Some colors remain visually neutral or indifferent.

Color Shade and Tints

ValueValue

1. The relative degree of lightness or darkness.

2. The characteristic of color determined by the degree of lightness or darkness or the quantity of light reflected by the color.

Local value

The relative lightness or darkness of a surface, seen in the objective world, that is independent of any effect created by the degree of light falling on it.

Highlight

The portion of an object that, from the observer’s position, receives the greatest amount of direct light.

Shadow

The darker value on the surface of an object that suggests that a portion of it is turned away from or obscured by the source of light.

Cast shadow

The dark area that occurs on a surface as a result of something being placed between that surface and a light source.

High-key value

A value that has a level of middle gray or lighter.

Low-key value

A value that has a level of middle gray or darker.