COMPARISON

比較COMPARISONCOMPARISON

比較比較

第一節 比較級的形式

原級比較A＋V＋（not）＋as＋（adj或adv）＋as＋B例題：She is（not）as pretty as her sister.

請注意：not＋as＋(adj或adv)＋as＋B這樣的句子在翻譯時，可以”與其說是…，不如說是…”來表示。

如：He doesn’t speak as humorously as sarcastically.

他說起話來與其說他是幽默，不如說是諷刺。

比較級比較A＋V＋（adj或adv）＋（er或more）＋（adj或adv或NP）＋than＋B

例題：John looks taller than his brother.約翰看起來比他的哥哥高

最高級比較S＋V＋the＋（adj或adv）＋（est＋或the most）＋（adj或adv）＋（of或in或among）＋N

例題：It is the biggest hotel in New York.這是紐約最大的飯店

請注意：最高級的介系詞片語可移至句子的開頭。

劣等比較A＋V＋less＋（adj或adv或NP）＋than＋B（比較不…）S＋V＋the least＋（adj或adv）＋（of或in或among）＋N （最不…）

•I hope the next train will be less crowded thanthis one.

•He is one of the least known of the modernpoets.

請注意：less和least後面的修飾語一律用原級，不可加er或est。

其他•A＋V＋the same as＋（B或A）＋V＋the same＋N＋as＋

B例題：Jack has the same interest as Jane.

• like（unlike）＋NP…例題：Unlike John, Robert is more aggressive.

•A and B＋V＋alike例題：The two brothers are much alike.

•A＋V＋similar to＋B例題：My opinions are similar to hers.

•表倍數： 倍數＋as…as…倍數＋the＋（amount或number）＋of＋NP

例題： I have twice as many books as he has.My books are twice the number of yours.

第二節 翻翻翻注意事項

譯英文文章，應可發現comparison用法相當普遍。「比較」乃是英美人士常用的思維模式（thought pattern），敘述者把自己要表達的東西，拿來和讀者已知的事物比較一番，就顯得清晰而有效多了。例如：我女朋友的長相如何，ㄧ「比」就多少有點概念。

如：My girl is as beautiful as red rose.我的女朋友就如紅玫瑰般美麗

中國話用「最高級」，英文還是以比較的方式。

如：None so deaf as those who won’t hear.耳朵最聾的要算是那些不想聽的人。

英文表comparative degree的”lessthan”, ”little more than”中文可翻成「無異」、「一樣」、「差不多」、「不過是」等。

如：To be uncourteous appears to him littleless than a crime.

不禮貌在他看來與犯罪無異。

”no more A than B”和”not A any morethan B”一樣，都是拿兩種事物作比較。可譯成「和A的道理一樣，B…」。

如： Gulliver is a dramatic character, nomore to be identified with Swift thanShylock is to be identified withShakespeare.Gulliver是個戲劇性人物，不能跟Swift混為一談，就像不能將Shylock和Shakespeare混為一談一樣。

英譯中

• You will reap as you sow. （=You will reap asmuch as you sow.）

•要怎麼收穫就得先怎麼栽•種瓜得瓜，種豆得豆。•He is nothing less than a tyrant.•He is a tyrant. 他是個暴君•＋ （nothing less than- 和…一樣）•他就和暴君一樣。他簡直是個暴君

•A house is more than a family dwelling.•A house is a family dwelling.•家是家人的處所•＋ （more than- 不只…）•家不只是家人的處所而已• I was as much of a nuisance as any small boy.•I was a small boy.•＋ （as…as –和…一樣）•我就像其他小男孩一樣令人討厭

•I’d like nothing better than to trusther, but she has lied to me so manytimes I lost count.

•I’d like to trust her （我想要相信她）•雖然她對我說過無數次的謊，但我不得不相信她

•Nothing so much prevents our beingnatural as the desire of appearing so.

•（Nothing so much…as-與其…不如）•prevents our being natural• the desire of appearing so.•與其表現造作，不如自然的表現

中譯英

•傳記愈真實，對讀者的好處愈大•The more truthful a biography is, the

more useful it will be to the reader.

•生病時，你最能體會到「健康即財富」這句話的真諦。

•“Health is wealth”is never more truethan when you are sick.

•行動與思考對我們而言都相當重要。•Action is as necessary to us as thought.•Action is no less necessary to us than

thought.

•你要多少儘管拿•Take as much as you want.•You may pick whatever takes you fancy.

•貨品的價值不在數量而在品質•The cost of articles lies more in quality

than in quantity.•The cost of articles lies not so much in

quantity as in quality.•The cost of articles lies less in quantity•than in quality.

•今天天氣不像昨天那樣熱。•It is not so hot as it was yesterday.

••Nothing can be more imposingNothing can be more imposingthan the magnificence of Englishthan the magnificence of Englishpark scenery.park scenery.

‧‧英國的公園景色最為宏偉，其壯觀恐舉世英國的公園景色最為宏偉，其壯觀恐舉世無出其右者。無出其右者。

‧‧說明：中譯不可照英文的比較形式直接寫說明：中譯不可照英文的比較形式直接寫出來，否則生硬難懂。出來，否則生硬難懂。

I have not heard so much as alocust over the sweet-fern these

three hours

I have not heard so much as aI have not heard so much as alocust over the sweetlocust over the sweet--fern thesefern these

three hoursthree hours

‧‧差：這些三小時，我沒聽見差：這些三小時，我沒聽見這麼多的一隻羊齒植物上的蝗這麼多的一隻羊齒植物上的蝗蟲。蟲。

‧‧正：三小時以來，我沒聽見正：三小時以來，我沒聽見什麼，連蝗蟲爬過羊齒植物的什麼，連蝗蟲爬過羊齒植物的聲音也沒聽到。聲音也沒聽到。

Of all the vices, none are sodreadful as lust.

Of all the vices, none are soOf all the vices, none are sodreadful as lust.dreadful as lust.

(a)百惡之中，慾最可怕。

(b)百惡淫為首。

(a)(a)百惡之中，慾最可百惡之中，慾最可怕。怕。

((b)b)百惡淫為首。百惡淫為首。

達達主義很快就消逝了，因為它更像一種達達主義很快就消逝了，因為它更像一種時尚，而不像是一種嚴肅的藝術活動。時尚，而不像是一種嚴肅的藝術活動。