Comp 111chp 1
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
COMP 113INTERNET FUNDAMENTAL
& Applications
Chapter I
ByD.Balaganesh
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Overview Of Computer
Data Hardware Software ResultProcess
Using Given
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Definition of Computer
• A computer is an electronic device.• It can accept data (input), manipulate
(process), and produce information(output).
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
General Operations
• Computers can perform four general operations, which comprise the information processing cycle:
1. Input.2. Process.3. Output.4. Storage.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Data and Information
• All computer processing requires data,• Data is a collection of raw facts, figures and
symbols, such as numbers, words, images, video and sound, given to the computer during the input phase.
• Computers manipulate data to create information.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Cont.
• Information is data that is organized, meaningful, and useful.
• During the output phase, the information that has been created is put into some form, such as a printed report.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Computer Characteristics
• High speed.• Accuracy.• Reliability.• Mass storage of information. • Communication with other computers
through network like internet.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Primary Components of a computer
• Input devices.• Central Processing Unit.• Memory.• Output devices.• Storage devices.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Input devices
• Mouse.• Keyboard.• Touch pad.• Pointing stick.• Scanner.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
CPU (Central Processing Unit )
• Interprets instructions to the computer, performs the logical and arithmetic processing operations, and cause the input and output operations to occur.
• Performs all the calculations within the computer.
• CPU speed measured in MHz.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Memory:
• RAM:Random Access Memory.Temporary memory.Electronic components that store data including
numbers, letters, graphics and sound.Information stored is lost when the computer is
turned off.Measured in Mbytes, i.e 512 Mbytes
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Memory
• ROM:Read Only Memory.Permanent memory.Chip that has start-up directions for your
computer.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Unit of Information
• BytesOne character takes up about one Byte.One byte is equal to eight bits.Bits means binary digit.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Cont.
1 Bit = 0 or 1 8 Bits = 1 Bytes
1024 Bytes = 1 KB1024 KB = 1 MB1024 MB = 1 GB1024 GB = 1 TB
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Output Devices
• Computer screen.• Printer.• Speaker.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Storage Devices
• Floppy Disks• Compact Disks (CD)• Hard Disk• Digital versatile Disk (DVD)• Flash Disk
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Comparing Types of Memory Storage Devices
• Sometimes storage is a trade off between speed, capacity, price and reliability.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Hardware and Software
• Hardware: The term hardware refers to the physical
components of you computer such as the computer screen, mouse, keyboard etc…
• Software: Computer software is the key to productive
use of computers.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Types of Software
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Software
• The computer hardware on its own has no intelligence and therefore must be supplied with instructions to perform any task.
• Software or programs, consist of step-by-step instructions that tell the computer how to perform a task.
• Software is divided into two main categories: – system software and – application software.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Types of Software
•Operating System Software.•Application Software.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Operating System Software
• It is a program that controls the computer and enables it to run application software.
• It allows the computer to manage its internal resources.
• The software runs the basic computer operations – it tells the hardware what to do, how to do it, and when to do it.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Operating System Software
• Examples of Operating system software:
Windows XP Windows Vista
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Application Software
Consists of programs that tell a computer how to produce information.
Some of the more commonly used packages are:
Word processing. Electronic spreadsheet.
Presentation.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Application Software
• This is software that help the user carry out specific task such as word-processing, spreadsheet, databases and presentation software.
• Application fall under two styles– Tailor-made: software designed for the particular
customer.– Off-the-shelf: for use by the general public
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Application Software
• MS Word ( Word Processing ): Word Processing software is used to create and print
documents• Spreadsheet ( MS Excel )Electronic spreadsheet software allows the user to add,
subtract, and perform user-defined calculations on rows and columns of numbers. These numbers can be changed and the spreadsheet quickly recalculates the new results.
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Subject Name Code Credit HoursInternet Fundamental and Applications
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
MS Powerpoint ( Presentation)
• MS Powerpoint allows the user to create documents called slides to be used in making the presentation.