Community Energy and Emissions Inventory Update · Community Energy and Emissions Inventory Update...
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Ener ficiency Consulting
Community Energy and Emissions Inventory Update
Prepared For: Jeremy Valeriote, Sunshine Coast Regional District
Prepared by: Michael Wilson, Enerficiency Consulting
and
Johan Stroman, Heartwood Solutions
August 8, 2013
Community Energy and Emissions Inventory Update
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Table of Contents
Executive Summary.................................................................................................................................... iii
1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1
2. Energy & Emissions Update ............................................................................................................... 2
2.1 Background .................................................................................................................................. 2 2.2 Update Methodology ..................................................................................................................... 2 2.3 Updated Inventory......................................................................................................................... 3 2.4 Factors Impacting Emissions Between 2007 and 2010 .................................................................. 7 2.5 Changes from CEEP Inventory ..................................................................................................... 7 2.6 Community vs Corporate Emissions .............................................................................................. 8
3. Scenario Analysis ............................................................................................................................... 9
3.1 Model Description ......................................................................................................................... 9 3.2 Assumptions ................................................................................................................................. 9 3.3 Business As Usual Forecast ......................................................................................................... 9 3.4 CIMS Policy Scenarios Analysed ................................................................................................ 10
3.4.1 Federal and Provincial Government Policy .............................................................................. 10 3.4.2 Local Government Policies ..................................................................................................... 11
3.5 Results ....................................................................................................................................... 12
4. Summary and Conclusions .............................................................................................................. 16
Appendices ................................................................................................................................................ 17
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Executive Summary
Energy and emissions continue to rise, although more slowly than population growth, driven largely by the transportation sector. Emissions from buildings fell during the period.
The rise in emissions has occurred largely in the unincorporated areas. Overall, incorporated areas saw a slight reduction in emissions.
Total
Buildings
-6.0% -4.0% -2.0% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0%
Change in GHG Emissions, 2007 to 2010
Solid Waste
Transportation
-1.0% 0.0% 1.0% 2.0% 3.0% 4.0% 5.0%
Change in GHG Emissions, 2007 to 2010
Unincorporated Areas
Incorporated Areas
Policies related to community density and solid waste reduction have much greater impact than all other policies.
The Top 3 policies, combined with Federal and Provincial efforts, come close to achieving the Deep Green reductions goal.
- 10.0 20.0 30.0
Tonnes CO2e
Annual Emissions Reductions by 2050
Agressive Density
Organics Seperation
Moderate Density
All Other Policies
Landfill Gas Collection
-
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
kT
on
ne
s C
O2
eTop 3 Policy Options Combined
Federal/Provincial Gov't Policy
Top 3 Policies
The Sunshine Coast Community Energy and Emissions Plan (CEEP) was completed in 2009. Energy and greenhouse gas inventories from that plan have been updated to incorporate 2010 data and adjust the 2007 baseline to be consistent with the Province’s Community Energy & Emissions Inventory methodology. Emissions continue to rise, but slower than population growth. The CIMS energy and emissions model developed by Navius Research has been used to predict the reduction impact of various policy measures. The model predicts that the CEEP’s “Deep Green” reduction target of 33% by 2031 can be achieved through implementation of the top reduction policies.
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1. Introduction
In 2009 the SCRD, in partnership with Gibsons, Sechelt and Sechelt Indian Government District, undertook a Community Energy & Emissions Plan (CEEP)1. In this plan an energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory was created, reduction targets established, and reduction actions identified. The reduction targets were adopted by the SCRD and member municipalities as required by Provincial legislation. Since the CEEP was completed, there have been some changes to the way in which the Province calculates community emissions through the Community Energy & Emissions Inventory (CEEI) initiative. The Province has also released draft CEEI reports for 2010, and 2012 reports are expected to be available in 2014. Meanwhile, the SCRD has been involved in a pilot project to develop a community emissions modelling tool (CIMS) with the Regional District of Nanaimo and Navius Research. As a result of these activities, this update seeks to:
• Update the 2007 inventory to be consistent with current CEEI methodology.
• Provide a 2010 inventory, based on the CEEI reports.
• Provide an overview of changes in emissions since 2007.
• Use the modelling tool to develop a revised Business As Usual baseline. • Use the modelling tool to estimate the impact of potential policy actions.
As the CEEP was not completed until 2010 and implementation of CEEP initiatives did not begin until 2011, the energy and emissions impacts of those initiatives are not captured in this review. Future CEEI reports will provide a better indication of the impacts of CEEP initiatives.
1
http://www.scrd.ca/files/File/Infrastructure/Sustainability/Sunshine_Coast_Community_Energy_&_Emissions_Plan_Final.pdf
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2. Energy & Emissions Update
2.1 Background
At the time of the CEEP the Province was starting to develop the Community Energy & Emissions Initiative (CEEI), with the goal of providing all BC local governments with a community energy and GHG inventory. The SCRD CEEP used initial draft 2007 CEEI reports as the basis for the inventory. As these reports were not complete, some changes were made in developing the inventories. These included:
• Extrapolating data for the Sechelt Indian Government District from the District of Sechelt.
• Correcting errors caused by inaccurate postal code boundaries for the Town of Gibsons. • Incorporating estimates of wood, heating oil, and propane use.
• Incorporating large emitters emissions from Howe Sound Pulp & Paper.
• Incorporating agricultural emissions. CEEI later released updated 2007 reports which resolved the postal code errors, incorporated estimates of residential wood, heating oil, and propane and included agricultural emissions. The Province also created Core and Memo sections within the report. Core items are those sectors with the best quality data and where local governments exert more influence, and is intended to provide a more relevant inventory. Memo items are sectors over which local government has limited control or for which the data is limited. This includes large industrial buildings, land-use change, and agriculture. CEEI has “continuous improvement” as a stated goal, meaning they attempt to improve calculation methodologies over time. In order to allow for consistent progress measurement, any methodological changes are also incorporated into the 2007 baseline reports, which are then re-released. In 2012 CEEI released 2010 reports along with updated 2007 reports. These have improved methodologies for calculation of transportation and solid waste emissions. However, these latest reports had some errors in the data which the Province is working to correct. To provide this update, we have obtained the latest datasets from CEEI. These are still considered draft and have not been published. Although some known errors remain in this data, they have been corrected for this report and any further changes should be minor.
2.2 Update Methodology
The 2007 and 2010 inventories are generated primarily from CEEI data. Published CEEI reports are available on the Province’s website2 as well as a complete methodology for how the CEEI reports are generated3. As explained above, the data used was obtained directly from the Province due to errors in the published reports. Further adjustments were made to fix known errors that have not yet been corrected by CEEI (primarily the correction of emissions factors). Two further changes have been made that go beyond the CEEI methodology:
• SIGD data is not provided in the CEEI reports, as it is combined together with Sechelt. The Sechelt CEEI data was pro-rated between Sechelt and SIGD on a per capita basis.
• Large industrial electricity and natural gas is withheld by CEEI due to privacy concerns. However, total emissions for Howe Sound Pulp & Paper can be obtained from the federal
2 http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/cas/mitigation/ceei/reports.html
3 http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/cas/mitigation/ceei/CEEI_TechMethods_Guidance_final.pdf
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government’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reporting Program4. These have been included in the inventory as a Memo Item under Large Emitters.
2.3 Updated Inventory
The updated inventories are split into Core and Memo items, consistent with CEEI. Core emissions provide the most relevant comparisons for local governments. Energy and emissions have continued to rise between 2007 to 2010. For 2007, Core emissions in the SCRD were 167,300 tonnes CO2e while in 2010 they were170,200 tonnes, an increase of 1.7%. Energy consumption increased from 3505 TJ to 3584 TJ, an increase of 2.3%. Population growth during this time was 4.9%, therefore per capita emissions have declined slightly. Caution should be used in drawing conclusions from the 2007 and 2010 inventories. Three years is a relatively short time to see the impact of new policies, technologies, or changing attitudes. Comparisons are further complicated by weather (2010 was 0.8°C warmer than 2007), the global economic turndown which began in 2008, and fluctuating fuel prices.
Figure 1
4 http://www.ec.gc.ca/ges-ghg/default.asp?lang=En&n=8044859A-1
167,302
42,724
106,974
17,604
170,200
40,878
111,013
18,309
- 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000 180,000
Tonnes CO2e
GHG Emissions by Sector, 2007 & 2010Transportation and Solid Waste emissions have increased, while Buildings
emissions have decreased
2007
2010
Total
Buildings
Transportation
Solid Waste
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Figure 2
The change in emissions varied by sector, with Buildings seeing a 4.3% drop in emissions while Transportation saw a 3.8% increase and Solid Waste a 4.0% increase. Transportation continues to account for the majority of emissions, over 60%.
Figure 3
3,505
1,931
1,561
3,584
1,870
1,700
- 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000
Energy (TJ)
Energy Consumption by Sector, 2007 & 2010Transportation has increased, while Buildings has decreased
2007
2010
Buildings
Transportation
Total
Resid.
Buildings
20%
Comm.
Buildings
6%
Personal
Vehicles
52%
Comm.
Vehicles
12%
Solid
Waste
10%
2007
Resid.
Buildings
19%
Comm.
Buildings
5%
Personal
Vehicles
52%
Comm.
Vehicles
13%
Solid
Waste
11%
2010
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In Buildings, energy and emissions were down for all fuel types, with the greatest reductions in heating oil and natural gas.
Figure 4
For transportation, there are decreased emissions from small and large cars, while emissions from trucks/SUVs, motorcycles, and commercial vehicles have increased.
Figure 5
Electricity
Natural Gas
Propane
Heating Oil
Wood
-8.0% -6.0% -4.0% -2.0% 0.0% 2.0%
Change in Building Emissions by Fuel, 2007 to 2010Emissions have declined for all fuel types
Small cars
Large Cars
Truck/Van/SUV
Motorcycle
Comm/TT/Bus/MH
-15.0% -10.0% -5.0% 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0%
Change in Transportation Emissions by Vehicle, 2007
to 2010Emissions have decreased for small and large cars, while increasing for
trucks/SUVs, motorcycles, and commercial vehicles
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The mass of Solid Waste deposited in the landfill has declined significantly, but emissions continue to rise due to waste already in the landfill.
Figure 6
Energy and emissions in Gibsons and the SIGD decreased slightly from 2007 to 2010, while emissions from Sechelt were almost unchanged. Emissions in the unincorporated areas accounted for most of the rise in emissions overall.
Figure 7
CEEI did not update memo items for 2010. Therefore there is no change to values for large industrial buildings, land-use change, or agriculture. The CEEP and this update include large emitters (Howe Sound Pulp & Paper), whose emissions increased from 112,400 tonnes in 2007 to 128,100 tonnes in 2010, an increase of 14%. Complete inventories can be found in the Appendix.
Mass
CO2e
-10.0% -8.0% -6.0% -4.0% -2.0% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0%
Change in Solid Waste Mass & Emissions, 2007 to 2010Mass has decreased but emissions have increased
Gibsons
Sechelt
SIGD
Unincorporated
Areas
SCRD Total
-8.0% -6.0% -4.0% -2.0% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0%
Change in Emissions by Municipality, 2007 to 2010Most of the increase has ocurred in unincorporated areas
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2.4 Factors Impacting Emissions Between 2007 and 2010
As mentioned above, many factors come into play in whether emissions increase or decrease between years. However, some known factors as well as possible reasons for changes in emissions between 2007 and 2010 are outlined below. Table 1: Factors Impacting Emissions
Sector Change 2007 - 2010 Factors
Buildings 3.1% decrease in energy 4.1% decrease in emissions
• 2010 was 0.8°C warmer than 2007, reducing heating energy.
• Emissions decreased by more than energy in part because natural gas, the primary heating fuel, has a higher emissions factor than electricity. As well, the emissions factor for heating oil decreased due to legislation requiring renewable fuel content.
• The federal EcoEnergy and BC LiveSmart programs for houses were active during the period.
• There was a slowdown in new home construction.
• New efficiency requirements for equipment and in the building code were introduced, although the impact will be mostly felt in future years.
Transportation 9.0% increase in energy 3.9% increase in emissions
• Increasing transportation energy consumption above that of population growth has been an ongoing trend for many years, largely due to more people purchasing trucks and SUVs.
• The impact of higher efficiency vehicles will take several years before the market share is large enough to have a significant impact.
• Emissions increased by less than energy as the emissions factor for gasoline and diesel decreased due to legislation requiring renewable fuel content.
Solid Waste 7.8% decrease in mass 4.0% increase in emissions
• Waste disposal is decreasing throughout the province due to increased recycling and greater awareness.
• Emissions continue to increase in spite of the mass reduction as emissions are a result of decaying organic waste deposited in earlier years. The impact of reduced waste disposal will be seen in future years.
2.5 Changes from CEEP Inventory
There are a number of differences between the inventory completed as part of the CEEP and this updated inventory. Total emissions for 2007 have changed in the inventory from 354,000 tonnes to 320,000 tonnes. There are various reasons for this, including:
• Changes to the way BC Hydro assigns industrial buildings to sectors. Small and medium industrial is now included as part of commercial. Previously these were included in large industrial and withheld due to privacy concerns.
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• Removal of commercial propane and heating oil estimates due to the difficulty of obtaining this data.
• Improved transportation methodology, including new vehicle kilometers travelled (VKT) and efficiency data, more accurate assignment of vehicles to jurisdictions, and revised vehicle classification.
• Revised methodology for calculating solid waste emissions. • Revised estimates of deforestation impacts due to settlement and agriculture.
• Removal of manure management and agricultural soils from emissions calculations for agriculture.
• Updating of emissions factors.
2.6 Community vs Corporate Emissions
There is sometimes confusion between community and corporate emissions. Corporate emissions refer only to those emissions that result directly from local government operations, such as operation of municipal buildings, vehicle fleets, and solid waste produced by the local government. Community emissions include all emissions occurring within the local government boundary (which includes corporate emissions). Community emissions are usually much larger than corporate emissions as there are many more buildings and vehicles in the community than are operated by local governments.
Figure 8
Community vs Corporate EmissionsCorporate emissions are less than 1% of community emissions
CorporateEmissions
Community Emissions
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3. Scenario Analysis
3.1 Model Description
CIMS was developed by Navius Research and M.K. Jaccard and Associates Inc. to provide a tool for local governments to assess the impacts of policies on future energy consumption and emissions. Navius provides the following overview:
“The CIMS model provides rigorous analyses of how policy will impact future energy consumption, air emissions, capital costs, operating costs and energy costs in a given region. It is a detailed representation of technologies and infrastructure (capital stock) in all sectors of the economy from the present to 2050. The capital stock in the model consumes and produces energy to provide goods and services ranging from transportation to space heating to industrial output such as steel or paper. CIMS simulates capital stock turnover through time as stock is acquired, used, retrofitted, and eventually retired. The acquisition of new stock simulates realistic consumer and firm behaviour rather than assuming technology choices are made to minimize long-term financial costs. Energy supply and demand are held in equilibrium to account for the production of all energy consumed in the model and to adjust energy prices as the cost of energy production changes. It includes a representation of macro-economic feedbacks, such that demand for energy intensive goods and services adjusts to reflect changing market and policy conditions.
Using external forecasts of baseline energy prices and economic growth, CIMS produces a reference forecast of the capital stock used to provide goods and service. Consequently, it forecasts the resulting greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. Alternative scenarios that include different market and policy conditions demonstrate their impact on energy consumption, air emissions, and financial costs relative to this reference forecast. CIMS has been applied at the municipal level and to all Canadian provinces and territories, to the United States, to China and some global regions.”
3.2 Assumptions
CIMS incorporates a number of assumptions for factors such as population growth, fuel prices, type and size of dwellings, vehicle kilometres travelled, and solid waste produced. Most of these are specific to the Sunshine Coast and are taken from federal or provincial data sources. CIMS allows the user to adjust some of these assumptions. After reviewing the default assumptions, all were considered to be appropriate (or no better data was available) with the exception of precipitation at the landfill, which was revised to 1001-2000 mm. The assumptions can be found in the Appendix.
3.3 Business As Usual Forecast
CIMS provides a reference case, which is a Business As Usual (BAU) forecast. The BAU forecast assumes no specific policy actions related to energy or climate change. The BAU increase is usually less than the rate of population growth, due to natural changes in building and vehicle stock, fuel shares, technology advances, and accumulated solid waste. Based on the CIMS forecast, emissions will increase by 0.8% a year compared to 1.5% population growth. This will result in Core emissions of 190,000 tonnes in 2030 and 233,000 tonnes in 2050. This corresponds to a 12% increase by 2030 and a 37% increase by 2050.
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The emission reduction target adopted by local governments on the Sunshine Coast, based on the CEEP, is 7% by 2031. The CEEP also provides a “deep green” reduction target of 33% by 2031, although this has not been adopted. The BAU case and these two reduction targets (extrapolated to 2050) are shown in the figure below.
Figure 9
3.4 CIMS Policy Scenarios Analysed
CIMS allows for a number of different policies to be analysed. These are broken down by sector. Some policies are the prerogative of the provincial or federal governments and beyond the control of local governments.
3.4.1 Federal and Provincial Government Policy
While local government can lobby federal and provincial government, these policies reside principally with other levels of government and are beyond the direct control of local governments. Therefore the first scenario analysed was a Federal and Provincial Government Policy (FPGP) scenario, which incorporates known energy and climate policies from the federal or provincial governments. Often the long term continuity of these policies is not known, and some assumptions have been made based on known and anticipated policy changes already underway in BC and in Canada. The policies and rationale for the FPGP scenario are outlined in the table below:
-
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
2007 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
kT
on
ne
s C
O2
e
Year
Business As Usual Emissions GrowthEmissions rise to 233,000 tonnes CO2e by 2050
Adopted Target - 7% by 2031
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Table 2: Federal and Provincial Government Policies
Policy Area Policy/Standard Rationale / notes
Carbon tax Existing carbon tax, escalated for inflation.
No increase in the carbon tax was assumed, but 2% escalation for inflation was included. Without escalation the existing tax would become irrelevant over time.
Residential Building Code
Improvements to current building code
The building code is introducing higher standards in 2014 and the Province has committed to ongoing improvements.
Residential technology subsidies
Live Smart BC
Although the provincial and federal programs have currently finished, they have been brought back numerous times and it is believed likely they will be re-introduced in some form. BC Hydro and Fortis BC also have incentive programs.
Residential technology standards
Federal equipment standards
Currently in place or intention to adopt by either Federal or Provincial government.
Commercial Building Code
ASHRAE 90.1 + 19% Incoming changes to the building code will raise levels to 90.1 + 10%, and the Province has committed to ongoing improvements.
Commercial technology standards
Federal equipment standards
Currently in place or intention to adopt by either Federal or Provincial government.
Vehicle fuel economy standards
Increasing fuel efficiency
The federal government has already committed to increasing efficiency to 2025, in line with US standards.
Renewable content standards
10% ethanol and bio-diesel
Currently 5%, and Provincial legislation calls for 10% by 2020.
3.4.2 Local Government Policies
All the remaining policies under local government control were analysed, regardless of the likelihood that they would be introduced on the Sunshine Coast. This provides insight into their relative impacts providing context for policy choices that support the SCRD reaching its CEEP 2031 community emissions targets. The policies were run with the FPGP scenario in place. In some cases there was more than one policy option to choose from, and an assumption was made about the one most likely to be implemented. In the case of community density both options were analysed, as density has such a large impact on emissions. Each policy was analysed separately in order to see the impact. The policy areas and the policy/standard selected for each area are outlined below.
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Table 3: Local Government Policies
Policy Area Policy/Standard
1a Community density Moderate
1b Community density Aggressive
2 Residential building code enforcement Increase from 80% to 95%
3 Residential building standards (DPAs, zoning, rezoning) Short term: 14% > current code Long term: 40% > current code
4 Residential reduced DCCs 14% > current code
5 Residential technology subsidies Zero-emissions and on-site renewables
6 Commercial building standards (DPAs) ASHRAE 90.1 + 34%
7 Commercial reduced DCCs ASHRAE 90.1 + 34%
8 Commercial technology subsidies Zero-emissions and on-site renewables
9 Waste - organics separation 80% organics collection
10 Waste - landfill gas collection 50% capture
3.5 Results
The Federal and Provincial Government Policy scenario results in GHG emissions of 159,000 tonnes in 2050. This is a 32% reduction from the BAU case and a 6% reduction from 2007. Emissions actually drop to 147,000 tonnes in 2030 but then begin to increase again. This is because the model assumes there will be smaller efficiency gains over time, which are offset by population increases. The Federal FPGP scenario alone achieves the adopted reduction target of 7% by 2031. However, it does not maintain those reductions to 2050.
-
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
2007 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
kT
on
ne
s C
O2
e
Year
Federal and Provincial Government ScenarioEmissions drop initially but rise after 2030
Federal/Provincial Gov't Policy
Adopted Target - 7% by 2031
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The local government policies result in emissions reductions ranging from 26.4 tonnes (17%) to an increase of 1.7 tonnes (1% increase)5. The policies with the greatest impact are increasing community density (both moderate and aggressive) and solid waste management (organics separation and landfill gas collection). The remaining policies have relatively little impact. Table 4: Emissions Reductions by Policy
Policy Area
Annual Emissions Reduction (tonnes CO2e)
2030 2050
1a Community density - moderate 4.0 9.5
1b Community density - aggressive 12.6 26.4
2 Residential building code enforcement 0.5 0.4
3 Residential building standards (DPA, Zoning) 0.3 0.7
4 Residential reduced DCCs (0.1) (0.5)
5 Residential technology subsidies (0.2) (1.7)
6 Commercial building standards (DPAs) 0.6 0.9
7 Commercial reduced DCCs 0.2 0.3
8 Commercial technology subsidies 2.3 2.8
9 Waste - organics separation 15.7 25.7
10 Waste - landfill gas collection 9.3 12.7
5 Some policies result in increased energy and emissions due to a switch in fuels from electric heating to
wood. Although wood is a fairly low emissions fuel, it has higher emissions than electricity and lower combustion efficiency.
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Figure 10
Policies often have some interaction between them, potentially impacting the emissions reductions. An example is organics separation, which will reduce the amount of landfill gas generated and therefore the reductions achieved by landfill gas collection. Because of this the reductions cannot be summed to determine the overall impact. Two additional policy scenarios have been run to assess overall reductions. The first incorporates all the policies (except moderate density, which is inherent in aggressive density). The second includes the policies that are most effective at reducing emissions - aggressive community density, organics collection, and landfill gas collection (referenced as “Top 3”). All policies combined result in emissions reductions of 32 tonnes by 2030 and 51 tonnes by 2050. When combined with FPGP this is a reduction from 2007 of 32% by 2030 and 36% by 2050, close to achieving the 2031 Deep Green target, although reductions taper off by 2050. The Top 3 policies actually achieve slightly better results than all the policies combined. This is because some policies actually increase emissions. The Top 3 policies result in emissions
5. Residential
technology subsidies
4. Residential
reduced DCCs
7. Commercial
reduced DCCs
2. Residential
building code
enforcement
3. Residential
building
6. Commercial
building standards
(DPAs)
8. Commercial
technology subsidies
1a. Community
density - moderate
10. Waste - landfill
gas collection
9. Waste - organics
separation
1b. Community
density - aggressive
-5.0 - 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0
Tonnes CO2e
Annual Emissions Reductions by 2050Increasing Community Density and Solid Waste Management have the
greatest Impact.
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reductions of 32 tonnes by 2030 and 5 tonnes by 2050. When combined with FPGP this is a reduction from 2007 of 32% by 2030 and 39% by 2050.
Figure 11
Figure 12
-
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
2007 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
kT
on
ne
s C
O2
e
Year
All Policy Options Combined
Federal/Provincial Gov't Policy
All Policies
-
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
2007 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
kT
on
ne
s C
O2
e
Year
Top 3 Policy Options Combined
Federal/Provincial Gov't Policy
Top 3 Policies
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4. Summary and Conclusions
The updated 2007 and 2010 inventories indicate that energy and emissions continue to rise, although more slowly than the rate of population growth. This is primarily as a result of rising transportation emissions, particularly for trucks/SUVs and commercial vehicles. Conversely, emissions from the buildings sector have declined, led by emissions reductions in natural gas and heating oil. The rise in emissions has occurred primarily in the unincorporated areas, with incorporated areas showing a decrease overall. However, caution should be used in drawing conclusions from these results, as three years is a relatively short time period and comparisons are complicated by weather, economic conditions, and fuel prices. The CIMs model provides forward looking estimates of energy and emissions under various scenarios. The business as usual scenario predicts a 37% increase in emissions by 2050. However, federal and provincial government policies result in a 6% decrease in emissions by 2050. Local governments can build on the federal and provincial policies in a number of policy areas. Of these, the most significant reductions are achieved through increasing community density and solid waste management. Other policies analysed have relatively minor impacts, and in some cases actually increase emissions. However, this does not mean the other policies are not worthwhile. They may be supportive of federal/provincial policies or play an important educational role. But they should not be expected to directly achieve large reductions on their own. Implementing all the local government policies would result in a 32% decrease in emissions by 2030 and a 36% decrease by 2050. Implementing just the Top 3 policies - aggressive community densification, organics separation, and landfill gas collection - has even greater reductions of 32% by 2030 and 39% by 2050. While other policies may be helpful in supporting reduction efforts, it will be essential to focus on the Top 3 in order to achieve significant reductions. If fully implemented, these policies may come close to achieving the Deep Green reduction target from the CEEP. Even partial implementation (e.g. moderate community density) would likely provide a significant step towards reducing energy and GHG emissions on the Sunshine Coast.
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Appendices
Inventories - SCRD, Gibsons, Sechelt, Sechelt Indian Government District 2010 CEEP Emissions Data CIMS Assumptions
Sunshine Coast Regional District 2007 Population: 28,590
Community Energy & Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory: 2007
BUILDINGS
Type Connections Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 15,806 228,518,867 kWh 14,458 kWh 822,668 5,713
Natural Gas 4,919 290,542 GJ 59 GJ 290,542 14,574
Propane 1 97,068 GJ 97,068 GJ 97,068 5,922
Heating Oil 1 46,017 GJ 46,017 GJ 46,017 3,244
Wood 1 178,970 GJ 178,970 GJ 178,970 3,633
Electricity 1,989 97,778,571 kWh 49,160 kWh 352,003 2,444
Natural Gas 489 143,415 GJ 293 GJ 143,415 7,194
Propane - - GJ - GJ - -
Electricity 17,795 326,297,438 kWh 1,174,671 8,157
Natural Gas 5,408 433,957 GJ 433,957 21,767
Propane 1 97,068 GJ 97,068 5,922
Heating Oil 1 46,017 GJ 46,017 3,244
Wood 1 178,970 GJ 178,970 3,633
ON ROAD TRANSPORTATION
Type Units Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Gasoline 5,189 7,276,902 L 1,402 L 254,692 17,340
Diesel Fuel 145 226,215 L 1,561 L 8,664 618
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid <10 4,658 L - L 163 11
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 2,770 4,467,654 L 1,613 L 156,368 10,642
Diesel Fuel 42 58,173 L 1,384 L 2,228 158
Other Fuel <10 4,141 L - L 105 6
Hybrid 16 14,823 L 935 L 519 35
Gasoline 8,564 23,110,199 L 2,699 L 808,857 55,371
Diesel Fuel 385 915,094 L 2,374 L 35,048 2,492
Other Fuel 50 104,959 L 2,107 L 2,657 161
Hybrid 11 22,681 L 2,071 L 794 54
Gasoline 618 1,987,535 L 3,215 L 69,564 4,669
Diesel Fuel 690 2,710,387 L 3,931 L 103,808 7,293
Other Fuel 34 89,288 L 2,621 L 2,260 137
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Gasoline - - L - L - -
Diesel Fuel 195 1,930,216 L 9,901 L 73,927 5,194
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline 179 499,757 L 2,795 L 17,492 1,168
Diesel Fuel 110 380,139 L 3,471 L 14,559 1,023
Other Fuel <10 14,408 L - L 365 22
Gasoline 355 99,048 L 279 L 3,467 232
Diesel Fuel - - L - L - -
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline 15 46,384 L 3,143 L 1,623 109
Diesel Fuel 16 74,457 L 4,636 L 2,852 200
Other Fuel <10 26,390 L - L 668 40
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 17,689 37,487,479 L 1,312,062 89,530
Diesel Fuel 1,582 6,294,682 L 241,086 16,978
Other Fuel 84 239,187 L 6,054 366
Hybrid 27 42,162 L 1,476 99
Electric - - L - -
SOLID WASTE
Type Estimation Method Mass (t) CO2e (t) CO2e (t)
COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE Solid Waste Waste-In-Place 14,088 17,604 17,604
Total
Type Consumption Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 326,297,438 kWh 1,174,671 8,157
Natural Gas 433,957 GJ 433,957 21,767
Propane 97,068 GJ 97,068 5,922
Heating Oil 46,017 GJ 46,017 3,244
Wood 178,970 GJ 178,970 3,633
Gasoline 37,487,479 L 1,312,062 89,530
Diesel Fuel 6,294,682 L 241,086 16,978
Other Fuel 239,187 L 6,054 366
Hybrid 42,162 L 1,476 99
Electric - L - -
Solid Waste 14,088 tonnes 17,604
Energy & Emissions Total
Energy & Emissions Total
3,491,360 167,302
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Energy/Connection
1,435,265 33,086
495,418 9,638
1,930,683 42,724
RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL/SM-MED INDUSTRIAL
SUBTOTAL
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Litres/Unit
SMALL PASSENGER CARS 263,519 17,969
LARGE PASSENGER CARS 159,220 10,841
LIGHT TRUCKS, VANS, AND SUVS 847,355 58,077
COMMERCIAL VEHICLES 175,631 12,099
TRACTOR TRAILER TRUCKS 73,927 5,194
MOTORHOMES 32,415 2,212
MOTORCYCLES AND MOPEDS 3,467 232
BUS 5,143 350
SUBTOTAL 1,560,678 106,974
Memo Items - Not Counted in Total
LARGE INDUSTRIAL
Type Connections Consumption Energy/Connection Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 2 - kWh - kWh - -
Natural Gas 1 0 GJ 0 GJ 0 -
LAND-USE CHANGE
Type Settlement (Ha) Agriculture (Ha) Total Area (Ha) CO2e (t) CO2e (t)
AGRICULTURE AND SETTLEMENT Deforestation 43 1 44 39,340 39,340
AGRICULTURE
Type Methane (t) CO2e (t) CO2e (t)
ENTERIC FERMENTATION Methane 13 tonnes 273 273
LARGE-EMITTERS
CO2e (t) CO2e (t)
HOWE SOUND PULP & PAPER 112,352 112,352
Energy & Emissions Total
LARGE INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS 0 -
Energy & Emissions Total
Energy & Emissions Total
Energy & Emissions Total
Gibsons 2007 Population: 4,336
Community Energy & Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory: 2007
BUILDINGS
Type Connections Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 2,181 27,923,305 kWh 12,803 kWh 100,524 698
Natural Gas 971 54,294 GJ 56 GJ 54,294 2,723
Propane 1 9,643 GJ 9,643 GJ 9,643 588
Heating Oil 1 4,565 GJ 4,565 GJ 4,565 322
Wood 1 17,723 GJ 17,723 GJ 17,723 360
Electricity 462 22,308,385 kWh 48,287 kWh 80,310 558
Natural Gas 141 48,796 GJ 346 GJ 48,796 2,448
Propane - - GJ - GJ - -
Electricity 2,643 50,231,690 kWh 180,834 1,256
Natural Gas 1,112 103,090 GJ 103,090 5,171
Propane 1 9,643 GJ 9,643 588
Heating Oil 1 4,565 GJ 4,565 322
Wood 1 17,723 GJ 17,723 360
ON ROAD TRANSPORTATION
Type Units Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Gasoline 1,047 1,450,229 L 1,385 L 50,758 3,459
Diesel Fuel 25 40,219 L 1,626 L 1,540 110
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid <10 1,294 L - L 45 3
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 547 881,705 L 1,612 L 30,860 2,100
Diesel Fuel <10 7,895 L - L 302 21
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid <10 1,060 L - L 37 2
Gasoline 1,513 4,084,997 L 2,700 L 142,975 9,795
Diesel Fuel 82 197,429 L 2,419 L 7,562 538
Other Fuel 14 29,581 L 2,103 L 749 45
Hybrid <10 1,654 L - L 58 4
Gasoline 107 359,393 L 3,357 L 12,579 844
Diesel Fuel 118 487,093 L 4,137 L 18,656 1,311
Other Fuel <10 12,645 L - L 320 19
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Gasoline - - L - L - -
Diesel Fuel 41 336,193 L 8,127 L 12,876 905
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline 36 103,179 L 2,836 L 3,611 242
Diesel Fuel 17 58,993 L 3,418 L 2,259 159
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline 61 17,168 L 279 L 601 40
Diesel Fuel - - L - L - -
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline <10 27,490 L - L 962 65
Diesel Fuel - - L - L - -
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 3,312 6,924,161 L 242,346 16,545
Diesel Fuel 283 1,127,822 L 43,196 3,043
Other Fuel 14 42,226 L 1,069 65
Hybrid - 4,009 L 140 9
Electric - - L - -
SOLID WASTE
Type Estimation Method Mass (t) CO2e (t) CO2e (t)
COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE Solid Waste Waste-In-Place 1,880 2,392 2,392
Total
Type Consumption Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 50,231,690 kWh 180,834 1,256
Natural Gas 103,090 GJ 103,090 5,171
Propane 9,643 GJ 9,643 588
Heating Oil 4,565 GJ 4,565 322
Wood 17,723 GJ 17,723 360
Gasoline 6,924,161 L 242,346 16,545
Diesel Fuel 1,127,822 L 43,196 3,043
Other Fuel 42,226 L 1,069 65
Hybrid 4,009 L 140 9
Electric - L - -
Solid Waste 1,880 tonnes 2,392
Energy & Emissions Total
Energy & Emissions Total
602,605 29,751
31,554 2,174
SUBTOTAL 286,750 19,662
BUS 962 65
MOTORHOMES 5,871 400
MOTORCYCLES AND MOPEDS 601 40
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Energy/Connection
186,749 4,691 RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL/SM-MED INDUSTRIAL 129,106 3,005
SUBTOTAL 315,855 7,697
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Litres/Unit
SMALL PASSENGER CARS
TRACTOR TRAILER TRUCKS 12,876 905
52,344 3,571
LARGE PASSENGER CARS 31,199 2,124
LIGHT TRUCKS, VANS, AND SUVS 151,343 10,382
COMMERCIAL VEHICLES
Sechelt 2007 Population: 8,766
Community Energy & Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory: 2007
BUILDINGS
Type Connections Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 4,832 66,689,124 kWh 13,802 kWh 240,081 1,667
Natural Gas 2,066 117,733 GJ 57 GJ 117,733 5,906
Propane 1 12,464 GJ 12,464 GJ 12,464 760
Heating Oil 1 5,907 GJ 5,907 GJ 5,907 416
Wood 1 22,963 GJ 22,963 GJ 22,963 466
Electricity 661 35,352,350 kWh 53,483 kWh 127,268 884
Natural Gas 233 74,731 GJ 320 GJ 74,731 3,748
Propane - - GJ - GJ - -
Electricity 5,493 102,041,474 kWh 367,349 2,551
Natural Gas 2,299 192,464 GJ 192,464 9,654
Propane 1 12,464 GJ 12,464 760
Heating Oil 1 5,907 GJ 5,907 416
Wood 1 22,963 GJ 22,963 466
ON ROAD TRANSPORTATION
Type Units Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Gasoline 1,785 2,532,620 L 1,419 L 88,642 6,025
Diesel Fuel 48 77,299 L 1,594 L 2,961 211
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid <10 2,473 L - L 87 6
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 1,029 1,648,031 L 1,602 L 57,681 3,927
Diesel Fuel 13 17,682 L 1,313 L 677 48
Other Fuel <10 2,348 L - L 59 4
Hybrid <10 4,597 L - L 161 11
Gasoline 2,974 8,095,074 L 2,722 L 283,328 19,385
Diesel Fuel 112 267,161 L 2,391 L 10,232 728
Other Fuel 17 37,469 L 2,153 L 948 57
Hybrid <10 11,403 L - L 399 27
Gasoline 212 703,809 L 3,315 L 24,633 1,653
Diesel Fuel 264 1,032,238 L 3,912 L 39,535 2,778
Other Fuel 13 32,534 L 2,588 L 823 50
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Gasoline - - L - L - -
Diesel Fuel 78 596,311 L 7,637 L 22,839 1,605
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline 54 149,817 L 2,798 L 5,244 350
Diesel Fuel 41 144,837 L 3,505 L 5,547 390
Other Fuel <10 10,018 L - L 254 15
Gasoline 123 34,323 L 279 L 1,201 80
Diesel Fuel - - L - L - -
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline <10 11,910 L - L 417 28
Diesel Fuel 14 63,183 L 4,581 L 2,420 170
Other Fuel <10 24,148 L - L 611 37
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 6,176 13,175,584 L 461,145 31,448
Diesel Fuel 571 2,198,712 L 84,211 5,929
Other Fuel 30 106,517 L 2,696 163
Hybrid - 18,473 L 647 44
Electric - - L - -
SOLID WASTE
Type Estimation Method Mass (t) CO2e (t) CO2e (t)
COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE Solid Waste Waste-In-Place 4,320 5,498 5,498
Total
Type Consumption Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 102,041,474 kWh 367,349 2,551
Natural Gas 192,464 GJ 192,464 9,654
Propane 12,464 GJ 12,464 760
Heating Oil 5,907 GJ 5,907 416
Wood 22,963 GJ 22,963 466
Gasoline 13,175,584 L 461,145 31,448
Diesel Fuel 2,198,712 L 84,211 5,929
Other Fuel 106,517 L 2,696 163
Hybrid 18,473 L 647 44
Electric - L - -
Solid Waste 4,320 tonnes 5,498
Energy & Emissions Total
Energy & Emissions Total
1,149,846 56,928
64,991 4,481
SUBTOTAL 548,699 37,583
BUS 3,448 235
MOTORHOMES 11,044 755
MOTORCYCLES AND MOPEDS 1,201 80
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Energy/Connection
399,148 9,215 RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL/SM-MED INDUSTRIAL 201,999 4,632
SUBTOTAL 601,147 13,847
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Litres/Unit
SMALL PASSENGER CARS
TRACTOR TRAILER TRUCKS 22,839 1,605
91,689 6,242
LARGE PASSENGER CARS 58,579 3,989
LIGHT TRUCKS, VANS, AND SUVS 294,907 20,197
COMMERCIAL VEHICLES
Sechelt Ind Gov Dist 2007 Population: 814
Community Energy & Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory: 2007
BUILDINGS
Type Connections Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 392 5,771,620 kWh 14,724 kWh 20,778 144
Natural Gas 192 10,933 GJ 57 GJ 10,933 548
Propane 1 2,497 GJ 2,497 GJ 2,497 152
Heating Oil 1 1,184 GJ 1,184 GJ 1,184 83
Wood 1 4,604 GJ 4,604 GJ 4,604 93
Electricity 76 6,061,302 kWh 79,754 kWh 21,821 152
Natural Gas 22 6,939 GJ 320 GJ 6,939 348
Propane - - GJ - GJ - -
Electricity 468 11,832,922 kWh 42,599 296
Natural Gas 214 17,872 GJ 17,872 896
Propane 1 2,497 GJ 2,497 152
Heating Oil 1 1,184 GJ 1,184 83
Wood 1 4,604 GJ 4,604 93
ON ROAD TRANSPORTATION
Type Units Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Gasoline 166 235,176 L 1,419 L 8,231 559
Diesel Fuel 5 7,178 L 1,594 L 275 20
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid <10 230 L - L 8 1
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 96 153,034 L 1,602 L 5,356 365
Diesel Fuel 1 1,642 L 1,313 L 63 4
Other Fuel <10 218 L - L 6 0
Hybrid <10 427 L - L 15 1
Gasoline 276 751,699 L 2,722 L 26,309 1,800
Diesel Fuel 10 24,808 L 2,391 L 950 68
Other Fuel 2 3,479 L 2,153 L 88 5
Hybrid <10 1,059 L - L 37 3
Gasoline 20 65,355 L 3,315 L 2,287 154
Diesel Fuel 25 95,852 L 3,912 L 3,671 258
Other Fuel 1 3,021 L 2,588 L 76 5
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Gasoline - - L - L - -
Diesel Fuel 7 55,373 L 7,637 L 2,121 149
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline 5 13,912 L 2,798 L 487 32
Diesel Fuel 4 13,449 L 3,505 L 515 36
Other Fuel <10 930 L - L 24 1
Gasoline 11 3,187 L 279 L 112 7
Diesel Fuel - - L - L - -
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline <10 1,106 L - L 39 3
Diesel Fuel 1 5,867 L 4,581 L 225 16
Other Fuel <10 2,242 L - L 57 3
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 573 1,223,469 L 42,821 2,920
Diesel Fuel 53 204,170 L 7,820 551
Other Fuel 3 9,891 L 250 15
Hybrid - 1,715 L 60 4
Electric - - L - -
SOLID WASTE
Type Estimation Method Mass (t) CO2e (t) CO2e (t)
COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE Solid Waste Waste-In-Place 401 510 510
Total
Type Consumption Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 11,832,922 kWh 42,599 296
Natural Gas 17,872 GJ 17,872 896
Propane 2,497 GJ 2,497 152
Heating Oil 1,184 GJ 1,184 83
Wood 4,604 GJ 4,604 93
Gasoline 1,223,469 L 42,821 2,920
Diesel Fuel 204,170 L 7,820 551
Other Fuel 9,891 L 250 15
Hybrid 1,715 L 60 4
Electric - L - -
Solid Waste 401 tonnes 510
Energy & Emissions Total
Energy & Emissions Total
119,707 5,521
6,035 416
SUBTOTAL 50,951 3,490
BUS 320 22
MOTORHOMES 1,026 70
MOTORCYCLES AND MOPEDS 112 7
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Energy/Connection
39,995 1,021 RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL/SM-MED INDUSTRIAL 28,760 500
SUBTOTAL 68,755 1,521
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Litres/Unit
SMALL PASSENGER CARS
TRACTOR TRAILER TRUCKS 2,121 149
8,514 580
LARGE PASSENGER CARS 5,440 370
LIGHT TRUCKS, VANS, AND SUVS 27,385 1,875
COMMERCIAL VEHICLES
Unincorporated areas 2007 Population: 14,674
Community Energy & Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory: 2007
BUILDINGS
Type Connections Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 8,401 128,134,818 kWh 15,252 kWh 461,285 3,203
Natural Gas 1,690 107,582 GJ 64 GJ 107,582 5,396
Propane 1 72,463 GJ 72,463 GJ 72,463 4,420
Heating Oil 1 34,361 GJ 34,361 GJ 34,361 2,422
Wood 1 133,680 GJ 133,680 GJ 133,680 2,714
Electricity 790 34,056,534 kWh 43,110 kWh 122,604 851
Natural Gas 93 12,950 GJ 139 GJ 12,950 650
Propane - - GJ - GJ - -
Electricity 9,191 162,191,352 kWh 583,889 4,055
Natural Gas 1,783 120,532 GJ 120,532 6,046
Propane 1 72,463 GJ 72,463 4,420
Heating Oil 1 34,361 GJ 34,361 2,422
Wood 1 133,680 GJ 133,680 2,714
ON ROAD TRANSPORTATION
Type Units Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Gasoline 2,191 3,058,877 L 1,396 L 107,061 7,297
Diesel Fuel 67 101,519 L 1,511 L 3,888 277
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid <10 661 L - L 23 2
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 1,099 1,784,885 L 1,624 L 62,471 4,250
Diesel Fuel 21 30,954 L 1,508 L 1,186 84
Other Fuel <10 1,575 L - L 40 2
Hybrid <10 8,738 L - L 306 20
Gasoline 3,801 10,178,429 L 2,678 L 356,245 24,391
Diesel Fuel 182 425,696 L 2,343 L 16,304 1,159
Other Fuel 17 34,430 L 2,058 L 871 53
Hybrid <10 8,565 L - L 300 20
Gasoline 279 858,978 L 3,078 L 30,064 2,018
Diesel Fuel 283 1,095,203 L 3,864 L 41,946 2,947
Other Fuel 15 41,087 L 2,677 L 1,040 63
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Gasoline - - L - L - -
Diesel Fuel 68 942,339 L 13,806 L 36,092 2,536
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline 84 232,849 L 2,775 L 8,150 544
Diesel Fuel 47 162,858 L 3,458 L 6,237 438
Other Fuel <10 3,460 L - L 88 5
Gasoline 159 44,370 L 279 L 1,553 104
Diesel Fuel - - L - L - -
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline <10 5,878 L - L 206 14
Diesel Fuel <10 5,407 L - L 207 15
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 7,613 16,164,267 L 565,749 38,617
Diesel Fuel 668 2,763,977 L 105,860 7,456
Other Fuel 32 80,552 L 2,039 123
Hybrid - 17,965 L 629 42
Electric - - L - -
SOLID WASTE
Type Estimation Method Mass (t) CO2e (t) CO2e (t)
COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE Solid Waste Waste-In-Place 7,487 9,204 9,204
Total
Type Consumption Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 162,191,352 kWh 583,889 4,055
Natural Gas 120,532 GJ 120,532 6,046
Propane 72,463 GJ 72,463 4,420
Heating Oil 34,361 GJ 34,361 2,422
Wood 133,680 GJ 133,680 2,714
Gasoline 16,164,267 L 565,749 38,617
Diesel Fuel 2,763,977 L 105,860 7,456
Other Fuel 80,552 L 2,039 123
Hybrid 17,965 L 629 42
Electric - L - -
Solid Waste 7,487 tonnes 9,204
Energy & Emissions Total
Energy & Emissions Total
1,619,202 75,100
73,050 5,028
SUBTOTAL 674,277 46,239
BUS 413 28
MOTORHOMES 14,475 987
MOTORCYCLES AND MOPEDS 1,553 104
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Energy/Connection
809,371 18,155 RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL/SM-MED INDUSTRIAL 135,554 1,501
SUBTOTAL 944,925 19,656
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Litres/Unit
SMALL PASSENGER CARS
TRACTOR TRAILER TRUCKS 36,092 2,536
110,972 7,576
LARGE PASSENGER CARS 64,002 4,357
LIGHT TRUCKS, VANS, AND SUVS 373,720 25,623
COMMERCIAL VEHICLES
Sunshine Coast Regional District 2010 Population: 29,984
Community Energy & Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory: 2010
BUILDINGS
Type Connections Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 16,386 222,858,624 kWh 13,601 kWh 802,291 5,571
Natural Gas 5,386 278,147 GJ 52 GJ 278,147 13,952
Propane 1 93,965 GJ 93,965 GJ 93,965 5,733
Heating Oil 1 44,546 GJ 44,546 GJ 44,546 3,046
Wood 1 173,250 GJ 173,250 GJ 173,250 3,517
Electricity 1,981 95,910,270 kWh 48,415 kWh 345,277 2,398
Natural Gas 379 132,800 GJ 350 GJ 132,800 6,661
Propane - - GJ - GJ - -
Electricity 18,367 318,768,894 kWh 1,147,568 7,969
Natural Gas 5,765 410,947 GJ 410,947 20,613
Propane 1 93,965 GJ 93,965 5,733
Heating Oil 1 44,546 GJ 44,546 3,046
Wood 1 173,250 GJ 173,250 3,517
ON ROAD TRANSPORTATION
Type Units Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Gasoline 5,456 7,508,449 L 1,376 L 262,796 16,954
Diesel Fuel 172 252,784 L 1,473 L 9,682 670
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid 13 10,720 L 807 L 375 24
Electric <10 - L - L - -
Gasoline 2,690 4,154,820 L 1,544 L 145,419 9,222
Diesel Fuel 66 75,288 L 1,137 L 2,884 199
Other Fuel <10 384 L - L 10 1
Hybrid 49 53,512 L 1,087 L 1,873 102
Gasoline 9,589 25,660,971 L 2,676 L 898,134 58,416
Diesel Fuel 312 842,281 L 2,699 L 32,259 2,229
Other Fuel 42 82,450 L 1,962 L 2,087 126
Hybrid 31 64,715 L 2,088 L 2,265 146
Gasoline 715 2,238,299 L 3,130 L 78,340 5,024
Diesel Fuel 860 3,745,913 L 4,354 L 143,468 9,788
Other Fuel 25 50,867 L 2,054 L 1,287 78
Hybrid <10 - L - L - -
Gasoline - - L - L - -
Diesel Fuel 201 1,976,286 L 9,852 L 75,692 5,164
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline 198 555,760 L 2,801 L 19,452 1,241
Diesel Fuel 96 341,575 L 3,551 L 13,082 892
Other Fuel <10 12,251 L - L 310 19
Gasoline 448 120,514 L 269 L 4,218 269
Diesel Fuel - - L - L - -
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline 16 44,700 L 2,801 L 1,564 100
Diesel Fuel 28 127,242 L 4,524 L 4,873 332
Other Fuel <10 9,928 L - L 251 15
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 19,113 40,283,512 L 1,409,923 91,226
Diesel Fuel 1,735 7,361,369 L 281,940 19,275
Other Fuel 67 155,881 L 3,945 239
Hybrid 94 128,947 L 4,513 272
Electric - - L - -
SOLID WASTE
Type Estimation Method Mass (t) CO2e (t) CO2e (t)
COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE Solid Waste Waste-In-Place 12,994 18,309 18,309
Total
Type Consumption Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 318,768,894 kWh 1,147,568 7,969
Natural Gas 410,947 GJ 410,947 20,613
Propane 93,965 GJ 93,965 5,733
Heating Oil 44,546 GJ 44,546 3,046
Wood 173,250 GJ 173,250 3,517
Gasoline 40,283,512 L 1,409,923 91,226
Diesel Fuel 7,361,369 L 281,940 19,275
Other Fuel 155,881 L 3,945 239
Hybrid 128,947 L 4,513 272
Electric - L - -
Solid Waste 12,994 tonnes 18,309
BUS 6,689 448
SUBTOTAL 1,700,322 111,013
MOTORHOMES 32,844 2,152
MOTORCYCLES AND MOPEDS 4,218 269
COMMERCIAL VEHICLES 223,096 14,889
TRACTOR TRAILER TRUCKS 75,692 5,164
LARGE PASSENGER CARS 150,185 9,524
LIGHT TRUCKS, VANS, AND SUVS 934,745 60,918
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Litres/Unit
SMALL PASSENGER CARS 272,853 17,648
478,077 9,059
1,870,276 40,878
RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL/SM-MED INDUSTRIAL
SUBTOTAL
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Energy/Connection
1,392,199 31,819
Energy & Emissions Total
Energy & Emissions Total
3,570,598 170,200
Memo Items - Not Counted in Total
LARGE INDUSTRIAL
Type Connections Consumption Energy/Connection Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 2 - kWh - kWh - -
Natural Gas - - GJ - GJ - -
LAND-USE CHANGE
Type Settlement (Ha) Agriculture (Ha) Total Area (Ha) CO2e (t) CO2e (t)
AGRICULTURE AND SETTLEMENT Deforestation 43 1 44 39,340 39,340
AGRICULTURE
Type Methane (t) CO2e (t) CO2e (t)
ENTERIC FERMENTATION Methane 13 tonnes 273 273
LARGE-EMITTERS
CO2e (t) CO2e (t)
HOWE SOUND PULP & PAPER 128,123 128,123
Energy & Emissions Total
Energy & Emissions Total
LARGE INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS - -
Energy & Emissions Total
Energy & Emissions Total
Gibsons 2010 Population: 4,416
Community Energy & Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory: 2010
BUILDINGS
Type Connections Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 2,265 27,003,597 kWh 11,922 kWh 97,213 675
Natural Gas 1,070 50,911 GJ 48 GJ 50,911 2,554
Propane 1 9,335 GJ 9,335 GJ 9,335 570
Heating Oil 1 4,419 GJ 4,419 GJ 4,419 302
Wood 1 17,156 GJ 17,156 GJ 17,156 348
Electricity 457 22,734,698 kWh 49,748 kWh 81,845 568
Natural Gas 125 44,558 GJ 356 GJ 44,558 2,235
Propane - - GJ - GJ - -
Electricity 2,722 49,738,295 kWh 179,058 1,243
Natural Gas 1,195 95,469 GJ 95,469 4,789
Propane 1 9,335 GJ 9,335 570
Heating Oil 1 4,419 GJ 4,419 302
Wood 1 17,156 GJ 17,156 348
ON ROAD TRANSPORTATION
Type Units Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Gasoline 1,064 1,453,193 L 1,366 L 50,862 3,284
Diesel Fuel 24 35,531 L 1,496 L 1,361 94
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid <10 1,900 L - L 67 4
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 494 738,233 L 1,496 L 25,838 1,641
Diesel Fuel <10 9,689 L - L 371 26
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid <10 6,722 L - L 235 12
Gasoline 1,617 4,283,432 L 2,648 L 149,920 9,761
Diesel Fuel 51 128,510 L 2,517 L 4,922 340
Other Fuel <10 14,085 L - L 356 22
Hybrid <10 10,885 L - L 381 25
Gasoline 121 397,737 L 3,287 L 13,921 893
Diesel Fuel 130 591,304 L 4,551 L 22,647 1,545
Other Fuel <10 9,665 L - L 245 15
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Gasoline - - L - L - -
Diesel Fuel 41 449,831 L 11,107 L 17,229 1,175
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline 44 124,539 L 2,862 L 4,359 278
Diesel Fuel 15 51,798 L 3,444 L 1,984 135
Other Fuel <10 3,677 L - L 93 6
Gasoline 71 18,812 L 265 L 658 42
Diesel Fuel - - L - L - -
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline 10 30,016 L 2,871 L 1,051 67
Diesel Fuel <10 5,515 L - L 211 14
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 3,421 7,045,963 L 246,609 15,966
Diesel Fuel 260 1,272,178 L 48,724 3,330
Other Fuel - 27,427 L 694 42
Hybrid - 19,507 L 683 41
Electric - - L - -
SOLID WASTE
Type Estimation Method Mass (t) CO2e (t) CO2e (t)
COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE Solid Waste Waste-In-Place 1,914 2,696 2,696
Total
Type Consumption Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 49,738,295 kWh 179,058 1,243
Natural Gas 95,469 GJ 95,469 4,789
Propane 9,335 GJ 9,335 570
Heating Oil 4,419 GJ 4,419 302
Wood 17,156 GJ 17,156 348
Gasoline 7,045,963 L 246,609 15,966
Diesel Fuel 1,272,178 L 48,724 3,330
Other Fuel 27,427 L 694 42
Hybrid 19,507 L 683 41
Electric - L - -
Solid Waste 1,914 tonnes 2,696
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Litres/Unit
SMALL PASSENGER CARS
TRACTOR TRAILER TRUCKS 17,229 1,175
52,289 3,382
LARGE PASSENGER CARS 26,445 1,678
LIGHT TRUCKS, VANS, AND SUVS 155,579 10,148
COMMERCIAL VEHICLES
RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL/SM-MED INDUSTRIAL 126,403 2,803
SUBTOTAL 305,437 7,252
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Energy/Connection
179,034 4,449
36,812 2,452
SUBTOTAL 296,710 19,379
BUS 1,262 82
MOTORHOMES 6,436 419
MOTORCYCLES AND MOPEDS 658 42
Energy & Emissions Total
Energy & Emissions Total
602,147 29,327
Sechelt 2010 Population: 9,496
Community Energy & Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory: 2010
BUILDINGS
Type Connections Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 5,120 65,755,587 kWh 12,843 kWh 236,720 1,644
Natural Gas 2,254 112,753 GJ 50 GJ 112,753 5,656
Propane 1 12,066 GJ 12,066 GJ 12,066 736
Heating Oil 1 5,718 GJ 5,718 GJ 5,718 391
Wood 1 22,229 GJ 22,229 GJ 22,229 451
Electricity 654 34,995,784 kWh 53,510 kWh 125,985 875
Natural Gas 168 51,056 GJ 303 GJ 51,056 2,561
Propane - - GJ - GJ - -
Electricity 5,774 100,751,371 kWh 362,705 2,519
Natural Gas 2,423 163,809 GJ 163,809 8,217
Propane 1 12,066 GJ 12,066 736
Heating Oil 1 5,718 GJ 5,718 391
Wood 1 22,229 GJ 22,229 451
ON ROAD TRANSPORTATION
Type Units Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Gasoline 1,877 2,606,253 L 1,388 L 91,219 5,881
Diesel Fuel 54 79,043 L 1,473 L 3,027 210
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid <10 4,015 L - L 141 9
Electric <10 - L - L - -
Gasoline 988 1,522,217 L 1,541 L 53,278 3,388
Diesel Fuel 16 18,508 L 1,176 L 709 49
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid 18 19,428 L 1,055 L 680 35
Gasoline 3,307 9,001,574 L 2,722 L 315,055 20,477
Diesel Fuel 102 280,706 L 2,764 L 10,751 743
Other Fuel 15 33,798 L 2,286 L 855 52
Hybrid <10 16,169 L - L 566 37
Gasoline 239 768,960 L 3,218 L 26,914 1,726
Diesel Fuel 316 1,394,889 L 4,420 L 53,424 3,645
Other Fuel <10 17,484 L - L 443 27
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Gasoline - - L - L - -
Diesel Fuel 85 633,249 L 7,432 L 24,253 1,655
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline 53 146,725 L 2,780 L 5,135 328
Diesel Fuel 31 108,950 L 3,542 L 4,173 285
Other Fuel <10 4,313 L - L 109 7
Gasoline 144 38,746 L 270 L 1,356 86
Diesel Fuel - - L - L - -
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline <10 9,175 L - L 321 21
Diesel Fuel 24 107,790 L 4,486 L 4,128 282
Other Fuel <10 9,132 L - L 231 14
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 6,608 14,093,650 L 493,278 31,907
Diesel Fuel 627 2,623,135 L 100,466 6,867
Other Fuel 15 64,728 L 1,638 99
Hybrid 18 39,612 L 1,386 80
Electric - - L - -
SOLID WASTE
Type Estimation Method Mass (t) CO2e (t) CO2e (t)
COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE Solid Waste Waste-In-Place 4,116 5,799 5,799
Total
Type Consumption Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 100,751,371 kWh 362,705 2,519
Natural Gas 163,809 GJ 163,809 8,217
Propane 12,066 GJ 12,066 736
Heating Oil 5,718 GJ 5,718 391
Wood 22,229 GJ 22,229 451
Gasoline 14,093,650 L 493,278 31,907
Diesel Fuel 2,623,135 L 100,466 6,867
Other Fuel 64,728 L 1,638 99
Hybrid 39,612 L 1,386 80
Electric - L - -
Solid Waste 4,116 tonnes 5,799
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Litres/Unit
SMALL PASSENGER CARS
TRACTOR TRAILER TRUCKS 24,253 1,655
94,387 6,100
LARGE PASSENGER CARS 54,666 3,472
LIGHT TRUCKS, VANS, AND SUVS 327,227 21,308
COMMERCIAL VEHICLES
RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL/SM-MED INDUSTRIAL 177,041 3,436
SUBTOTAL 566,527 12,314
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Energy/Connection
389,486 8,878
80,780 5,397
SUBTOTAL 596,769 38,954
BUS 4,681 316
MOTORHOMES 9,417 619
MOTORCYCLES AND MOPEDS 1,356 86
Energy & Emissions Total
Energy & Emissions Total
1,163,295 57,066
Sechelt Ind Gov Dist 2010 Population: 828
Community Energy & Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory: 2010
BUILDINGS
Type Connections Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 397 5,466,438 kWh 13,769 kWh 19,679 137
Natural Gas 197 9,831 GJ 50 GJ 9,831 493
Propane 1 2,418 GJ 2,418 GJ 2,418 148
Heating Oil 1 1,146 GJ 1,146 GJ 1,146 79
Wood 1 4,457 GJ 4,457 GJ 4,457 90
Electricity 76 5,719,275 kWh 75,254 kWh 20,589 143
Natural Gas 15 4,452 GJ 303 GJ 4,452 223
Propane - - GJ - GJ - -
Electricity 473 11,185,713 kWh 40,269 280
Natural Gas 211 14,283 GJ 14,283 716
Propane 1 2,418 GJ 2,418 148
Heating Oil 1 1,146 GJ 1,146 79
Wood 1 4,457 GJ 4,457 90
ON ROAD TRANSPORTATION
Type Units Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Gasoline 164 227,251 L 1,388 L 7,954 513
Diesel Fuel 5 6,892 L 1,473 L 264 18
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid <10 350 L - L 12 1
Electric <10 - L - L - -
Gasoline 86 132,729 L 1,541 L 4,646 295
Diesel Fuel 1 1,614 L 1,176 L 62 4
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid 2 1,694 L 1,055 L 59 3
Gasoline 288 784,889 L 2,722 L 27,471 1,785
Diesel Fuel 9 24,476 L 2,764 L 937 65
Other Fuel 1 2,947 L 2,286 L 75 5
Hybrid <10 1,410 L - L 49 3
Gasoline 21 67,049 L 3,218 L 2,347 150
Diesel Fuel 28 121,627 L 4,420 L 4,658 318
Other Fuel <10 1,525 L - L 39 2
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Gasoline - - L - L - -
Diesel Fuel 7 55,216 L 7,432 L 2,115 144
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline 5 12,794 L 2,780 L 448 29
Diesel Fuel 3 9,500 L 3,542 L 364 25
Other Fuel <10 376 L - L 10 1
Gasoline 13 3,378 L 270 L 118 8
Diesel Fuel - - L - L - -
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline <10 800 L - L 28 2
Diesel Fuel 2 9,399 L 4,486 L 360 25
Other Fuel <10 796 L - L 20 1
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 576 1,228,890 L 43,011 2,782
Diesel Fuel 55 228,723 L 8,760 599
Other Fuel 1 5,644 L 143 9
Hybrid 2 3,454 L 121 7
Electric - - L - -
SOLID WASTE
Type Estimation Method Mass (t) CO2e (t) CO2e (t)
COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE Solid Waste Waste-In-Place 359 505 505
Total
Type Consumption Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 11,185,713 kWh 40,269 280
Natural Gas 14,283 GJ 14,283 716
Propane 2,418 GJ 2,418 148
Heating Oil 1,146 GJ 1,146 79
Wood 4,457 GJ 4,457 90
Gasoline 1,228,890 L 43,011 2,782
Diesel Fuel 228,723 L 8,760 599
Other Fuel 5,644 L 143 9
Hybrid 3,454 L 121 7
Electric - L - -
Solid Waste 359 tonnes 505
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Litres/Unit
SMALL PASSENGER CARS
TRACTOR TRAILER TRUCKS 2,115 144
8,230 532
LARGE PASSENGER CARS 4,767 303
LIGHT TRUCKS, VANS, AND SUVS 28,532 1,858
COMMERCIAL VEHICLES
RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL/SM-MED INDUSTRIAL 25,041 366
SUBTOTAL 62,573 1,313
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Energy/Connection
37,532 947
7,044 471
SUBTOTAL 52,035 3,397
BUS 408 28
MOTORHOMES 821 54
MOTORCYCLES AND MOPEDS 118 8
Energy & Emissions Total
Energy & Emissions Total
114,608 5,215
Unincorporated areas 2010 Population: 15,244
Community Energy & Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory: 2010
BUILDINGS
Type Connections Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 8,604 124,633,002 kWh 14,485 kWh 448,679 3,116
Natural Gas 1,865 104,652 GJ 56 GJ 104,652 5,249
Propane 1 70,147 GJ 70,147 GJ 70,147 4,280
Heating Oil 1 33,263 GJ 33,263 GJ 33,263 2,275
Wood 1 129,407 GJ 129,407 GJ 129,407 2,627
Electricity 794 32,460,513 kWh 40,882 kWh 116,858 812
Natural Gas 71 32,734 GJ 461 GJ 32,734 1,642
Propane - - GJ - GJ - -
Electricity 9,398 157,093,515 kWh 565,537 3,927
Natural Gas 1,936 137,386 GJ 137,386 6,891
Propane 1 70,147 GJ 70,147 4,280
Heating Oil 1 33,263 GJ 33,263 2,275
Wood 1 129,407 GJ 129,407 2,627
ON ROAD TRANSPORTATION
Type Units Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Gasoline 2,351 3,221,751 L 1,370 L 112,761 7,277
Diesel Fuel 90 131,318 L 1,466 L 5,029 348
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid <10 4,455 L - L 156 10
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 1,123 1,761,641 L 1,569 L 61,657 3,898
Diesel Fuel 40 45,477 L 1,147 L 1,742 120
Other Fuel <10 384 L - L 10 1
Hybrid 24 25,668 L 1,072 L 898 52
Gasoline 4,376 11,591,076 L 2,649 L 405,688 26,392
Diesel Fuel 151 408,589 L 2,713 L 15,649 1,081
Other Fuel 17 31,620 L 1,814 L 800 48
Hybrid 18 36,251 L 2,067 L 1,269 82
Gasoline 334 1,004,552 L 3,006 L 35,159 2,255
Diesel Fuel 387 1,638,093 L 4,230 L 62,739 4,280
Other Fuel 11 22,194 L 2,035 L 562 34
Hybrid <10 - L - L - -
Gasoline - - L - L - -
Diesel Fuel 67 837,990 L 12,422 L 32,095 2,190
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline 98 271,702 L 2,786 L 9,510 606
Diesel Fuel 48 171,327 L 3,590 L 6,562 448
Other Fuel <10 3,885 L - L 98 6
Gasoline 221 59,577 L 270 L 2,085 133
Diesel Fuel - - L - L - -
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Gasoline <10 4,709 L - L 165 11
Diesel Fuel <10 4,538 L - L 174 12
Other Fuel - - L - L - -
Hybrid - - L - L - -
Electric - - L - L - -
Gasoline 8,503 17,915,009 L 627,025 40,572
Diesel Fuel 782 3,237,332 L 123,990 8,479
Other Fuel 28 58,082 L 1,470 89
Hybrid 41 66,374 L 2,323 144
Electric - - L - -
SOLID WASTE
Type Estimation Method Mass (t) CO2e (t) CO2e (t)
COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE Solid Waste Waste-In-Place 6,605 9,309 9,309
Total
Type Consumption Energy (GJ) CO2e (t) Energy (GJ) CO2e (t)
Electricity 157,093,515 kWh 565,537 3,927
Natural Gas 137,386 GJ 137,386 6,891
Propane 70,147 GJ 70,147 4,280
Heating Oil 33,263 GJ 33,263 2,275
Wood 129,407 GJ 129,407 2,627
Gasoline 17,915,009 L 627,025 40,572
Diesel Fuel 3,237,332 L 123,990 8,479
Other Fuel 58,082 L 1,470 89
Hybrid 66,374 L 2,323 144
Electric - L - -
Solid Waste 6,605 tonnes 9,309
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Litres/Unit
SMALL PASSENGER CARS
TRACTOR TRAILER TRUCKS 32,095 2,190
117,947 7,635
LARGE PASSENGER CARS 64,307 4,071
LIGHT TRUCKS, VANS, AND SUVS 423,406 27,604
COMMERCIAL VEHICLES
RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL/SM-MED INDUSTRIAL 149,592 2,453
SUBTOTAL 935,740 20,000
Energy & Emissions Total
Consumption Energy/Connection
786,148 17,547
98,460 6,569
SUBTOTAL 754,808 49,284
BUS 339 22
MOTORHOMES 16,170 1,060
MOTORCYCLES AND MOPEDS 2,085 133
Energy & Emissions Total
Energy & Emissions Total
1,690,548 78,593
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User Input and Assumptions
Instructions
Historic (estimate) Forecast
Population 1996 2001 2006 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Population (Historic values are helpful but not necessary) 24195 26094 28142 29896 32206 34695 37377 40266 43377 46730 50341 54232
Population annual rate of change, % 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5%
Retail Energy Prices, 2010 $ CAD (use "real" prices, meaning no inflation included) 1996 2001 2006/07 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Electricity, $/GJ Electricity 20 23 26 28 29 29 29 29 29
Natural Gas, $/GJ Natural Gas 15 15 16 17 17 17 18 18 18
Heating Oil, $/GJ Heating Oil 22 24 26 27 27 28 28 29 29
Propane, $/GJ Propane 25 28 29 30 31 31 32 32 32
Wood, $/GJ Wood 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
Gasoline, $/GJ Gasoline 28 33 34 35 36 36 36 37 37
Diesel, $/GJ Diesel 25 28 29 30 30 31 31 31 31
Ethanol, $/GJ Ethanol 43 57 58 60 61 62 60 57 55
Biodiesel, $/GJ Biodiesel 37 48 48 48 49 49 50 50 50
Historic (estimate) Forecast
Residential Sector Inputs and Assumptions 1996 2001 2006/07 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
People per household 2.33 2.35 2.31 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3
Number of households 10390 11085 12180 12939 13939 15016 16177 17427 18774 20225 21788 23472
Current average size of dwellings, m2 (BC average in 2007 was 147 m
2) 147
• Input data and assumptions into the white highlighted cells. All other cells will update automatically based on current inputs.
• Hold the cursor over each input row title with a red tab in the corner to see additional instructions and information. The CIMS Community user documentation describes each input in more detail.
• Note that the inputs provided here apply to both the reference and policy scenarios. However, some policies may change some of the parameters for the policy scenario (e.g. Land use may reduce floor space from reference
assumption)
Restore Default Values
Current average size of dwellings, m2 (BC average in 2007 was 147 m
2) 147
Annual rate of change for average floor space per home (%/yr) 0.3% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Average floor space per home (m2) 130 132 146 147 147 147 147 147 147 147 147 147
Total Floor space, 1000m2 1352 1467 1775 1903 2050 2208 2379 2563 2761 2974 3204 3452
Share of dwellings by building type
detached 83% 84% 83% 83% 83% 83% 83% 83% 83% 83% 83% 83%
attached 7% 7% 7% 7% 7% 7% 7% 7% 7% 7% 7% 7%
apartment 5% 5% 6% 6% 6% 6% 6% 6% 6% 6% 6% 6%
mobile 4% 5% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4%
Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
In what year, if at all, is/was natural gas available to homes? 2000 or earlier
Is wood a primary fuel for space heating (i.e., can gain new market share) Yes
Air conditioned floor space in community relative to British Columbian average 1.0
Energy use per area of cooled floor space relative to British Columbian average 1.0
Fraction of floor space with air conditioning (%) 6% 10% 18% 23% 25% 28% 30% 32% 34% 34% 34% 34%
Approximate fraction of residential electricity used for air conditioning on annual basis 0.4%
Historic (estimate) Forecast
Personal Transportation Sector Inputs and Assumptions 1996 2001 2006/07 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Annual % change in travel per person 0.00%
Restore Default Values
Annual travel per person (1000 km/person/yr) 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7
Total transportation demand (1000 km/yr) 3.9E+05 4.1E+05 4.4E+05 4.7E+05 5.1E+05 5.5E+05 5.9E+05 6.4E+05 6.9E+05 7.4E+05
Estimate of personal vehicle kilometres travelled (vkt) relative to CEEI data 1.0
base year vkt (1000 km) 295,175
base year energy consumption from personal vehicles (TJ) 1,307
Estimate of length of transit trips relative to personal vehicle trips 1.00
Estimate of length of walk/cycle trips relative to personal vehicle trips 0.25
% person km travelled by mode
Single occupant vehicle 56% 56% 60% Mode share forecast from 2010 onwards are simulated
multiple occupant vehicle 36% 36% 32% .
transit 5% 5% 6% .
active transport 3% 3% 3% .
Historic (estimate) Forecast
Freight Transportation Sector Inputs and Assumptions 1996 2001 2006/07 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Annual % change in freight transport per person 0.0%
Annual freight per person (frieght km/person/yr) 1113 1113 1113 1113 1113 1113 1113 1113 1113 1113
Total freight activity (1000 vehicle km/yr) 3.1E+04 3.3E+04 3.6E+04 3.9E+04 4.2E+04 4.5E+04 4.8E+04 5.2E+04 5.6E+04 6.0E+04
Total freight activity (1000 tonne km/yr) assuming BC average payloads 6.3E+04 6.6E+04 7.2E+04 7.7E+04 8.3E+04 8.9E+04 9.6E+04 1.0E+05 1.1E+05 1.2E+05
Annual freight per person (tonne km/person/yr) assuming BC average payloads 2223 2223 2223 2223 2223 2223 2223 2223 2223 2223
Historic (estimate) Forecast
Commercial/Institutional/Small Industrial Sector Inputs and Assumptions 1996 2001 2006/07 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Annual % change commercial/institutional floorspace per person 0.0%
Commercial/institutional floorspace per person (m2). 2007 value is adjusted during calibration 14.4 14.4 14.4 14.4 14.4 14.4 14.4 14.4 14.4 14.4
Total commercial/institutional floorspace (1000 m2) 405 430 463 499 538 579 624 672 724 780
Share of floorspace by building activity (%)
Wholesale Trade 7%
Retail Trade 17%
Transportation and Warehousing 5%
Information and Cultural Industries 2%Information and Cultural Industries 2%
Offices 39%
Educational Services 12%
Healthcare and Social Assistance 8%
Arts Entertainment and Recreation 3%
Accomodation and Food Services 6%
Other Services 2%
Total 100.0%
Year natural gas available to buildings? See Residential Inputs. 2000 or earlier
Historic (estimate) Forecast
Municipal Solid Waste Sector Inputs and Assumptions 1996 2001 2006/07 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Annual production of solid waste per person (tonnes/year/person) 0.49
Annual production of solid waste (tonnes/year) 11922 12858 13867 14732 15870 17097 18418 19841 21375 23027 24806 26723
Estimate of annual precipitation at landfill (mm/yr) 1001 to 2000
methane generation rate (k) based on precipitation estimate 0.071
Fraction of landfill with gas capture or utilization 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Efficiency of gas capture 50%
If landfill gas is captured, is it flared or used for electricity generation? flared
Fraction of organic matter separated from waste 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Calibrated landfilled waste and diverted organic matter, attributed to the community (tonnes) 295648 339842 419192 504675 596764 695970 802843 917976 1042007 1175623
Approximate landfilled waste (tonnes) 295648 339842 419192 504675 596764 695970 802843 917976 1042007 1175623
Approximate organics diverted(tonnes) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0