Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director...
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![Page 1: Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director Rockport Marine Lab.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649cd65503460f9499cf28/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective
Mark R. Fisher
Science Director
Rockport Marine Lab
![Page 2: Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director Rockport Marine Lab.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649cd65503460f9499cf28/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
TPWD Resource Monitoring Program Overview
• Initiated in 1975.
• Stratified random sampling.
• Standardized methods.
• Gill nets (780/year).
• Bay trawls (1,680/year).
• Gulf trawls (960/year).
• Bag seines (2,160/year).
• Oyster dredges (1,200/year).
• Total—6,780/year.
![Page 3: Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director Rockport Marine Lab.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649cd65503460f9499cf28/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Sample Locations, 1975-2007All Gears Combined
n=175,306
360 fish species324 invertebrate species
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Diet of Legal-Sized Red Drum and Spotted Seatrout
• Opportunistic predators.
• Diet reflects habitat, feeding mode, prey availability and prey size.
• Trout consume shrimp and fish.
• Reds consume crabs, shrimp and fish.
![Page 5: Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director Rockport Marine Lab.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649cd65503460f9499cf28/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Don’t put your finger in there!
Upper Plate Lower Plate
![Page 6: Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director Rockport Marine Lab.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649cd65503460f9499cf28/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Prey Items Can Be Highly Seasonal!
• Spawning occurs in Fall (croaker), Spring (silversides), Winter (mullet), or year-round (blue crab, killifish).
• Rapid growth rates for some (shrimp ~ 1 mm/day); juveniles are typically the only edible size.
• Different life stages utilize different habitats—juveniles typically inhabit shorelines, subadults and adults in open water.
• Our bays are not food-limited!
![Page 7: Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director Rockport Marine Lab.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649cd65503460f9499cf28/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Corpus Christi Bay Monthly Mean Water Temperatures
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Gulf menhaden(Brevoortia patronus)
![Page 9: Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director Rockport Marine Lab.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649cd65503460f9499cf28/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Monthly Abundance and Size of Menhaden from Coastal Bend Shorelines
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Catch per hectare Mean length
Late Fall/Early Winter Gulf spawners, 115 mm by age 1, 5 years max age
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World’s Largest Menhaden?
2.9 pounds, 18.7 inches!
![Page 11: Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director Rockport Marine Lab.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649cd65503460f9499cf28/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Bay anchovy(Anchoa mitchelli)
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Striped anchovy(Anchoa hepsetus)
![Page 13: Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director Rockport Marine Lab.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649cd65503460f9499cf28/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Dusky anchovy(Anchoa lyolepis)
Maximum size – 90 mmStriped anchovy – 150 mmBay anchovy – 100 mm
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Distribution of Anchovies in the Coastal Bend
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Dusky anchovy schools along Padre Island
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Scaled sardine(Harengula jaguana)
Size range—90-125 mm
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Spanish sardine(Sardinella aurita)
Size range—125-200 mm
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Distribution of Sardines in the Coastal Bend
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Distribution of Sardines by Salinity Zone
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Salinity, ‰
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Mullet, striped and white(Mugil cephalus and M. curema)
![Page 22: Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director Rockport Marine Lab.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649cd65503460f9499cf28/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
World’s Largest Mullet?
30 inches, 7 pounds!
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Killifish and Sheepshead minnow(Fundulus sp. and Cyprinodon variegatus)
30-40 mm50-75 mm
50-75 mm
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Distribution of Cyprinodonts in the Coastal Bend
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Killifish and Sheepshead minnowHabitat
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Proof!
![Page 27: Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director Rockport Marine Lab.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649cd65503460f9499cf28/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Inland silverside(Menidia beryllina)
![Page 28: Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director Rockport Marine Lab.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649cd65503460f9499cf28/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Distribution of Silversides in the Coastal Bend
![Page 29: Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director Rockport Marine Lab.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649cd65503460f9499cf28/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Pinfish and Atlantic croaker(Lagodon rhomboides and Micropogonias undulatus)
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MonthlyBay Trawl
AtlanticCroakerLengths
Length class, mm Length class, mm
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GobiesFamily Gobiidae
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Shrimp eel(Ophichthus gomesi)
150-600 mm length
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Brown, Pink, and White Shrimp
Brown
Pink
White
Browns are brown to olive green.Pinks are grayish to red-brown.Whites are bluish white.
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Browns, White, and Pink Shrimp Life History Overview
• Offshore spawning• Eggs hatch within 24 hours• Postlarvae migrate into bays• Fast growth, ~ 1 mm/day• Migrate to deeper water as
they get larger• Brown—fall spawners• White—spring spawners• Pink—spring spawners.• Browns & pinks burrow
during the day
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Brown Shrimp Distribution and Abundance
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Brown Shrimp Distribution and Abundance
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Coastwide Monthly Brown Shrimp CPUEBay Trawls
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Grass Shrimp(Palaemonetes sp.)
20-40 mm total length
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Distribution of Grass Shrimp in the Coastal Bend
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Other Shrimp Species
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Sargassum Shrimp
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Shrimp Flies
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Crabs
![Page 44: Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director Rockport Marine Lab.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649cd65503460f9499cf28/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Atlantic brief squid(Lolliguncula brevis)
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Longfin squid(Loligo pealei)
Arrow squid(Loligo pleii)
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Squid Mantle Lengths
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Length, mm
Brief Arrow Longfin
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Distribution of Squid in the Coastal Bend
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Distribution of Squid by Salinity Zone
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Brief Arrow Longfin
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Good Fly Selections—Flats, Grassy Shorelines, Creeks
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Good Fly Selections—Jetty and Surf
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Want to Know More?
![Page 52: Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director Rockport Marine Lab.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649cd65503460f9499cf28/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
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Common Bait Species Within Texas Bays
• Pinfish• Bay anchovy• Inland silverside• Gulf menhaden• Mullet• Sheepshead minnow• Killifish• Atlantic croaker
• Grass shrimp• White and brown
shrimp• Blue crab• Atlantic brief squid
![Page 54: Common Prey Items Along the Texas Coast: A Fly Fishing Perspective Mark R. Fisher Science Director Rockport Marine Lab.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649cd65503460f9499cf28/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Common Bait Species Along Texas Gulf Beaches
• Mullet• Striped anchovy• Dusky anchovy• Scaled sardine• Spanish sardine• Bay anchovy• Rough silverside
• Seabob• White and brown
shrimp• Blue crab• Sargassum shrimp• Sargassum crab
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Common Bait Species in Redfish Bay, South Bay and B&R Flats
• Pinfish• Sheepshead minnow• Inland silverside• Killifish• Mullet• Bay anchovy• Atlantic croaker• Gobies
• Grass shrimp• White, pink, and
brown shrimp• Blue crab• Mud crabs