COMENIUS PROJECT 2011-2013LICEO GALILEO GALILEI, PESCARA

ITALY

CLIMATE CHANGE?CHANGE YOUR LIFE!

TRUE UNIVERSALITY IN ARCHITECTURE

CAN BE ATTAINED ONLY THROUGH CONNECTION

WITH THE ROOTS,

GRATITUDE FOR THE PAST AND RESPECT FOR THE ‘GENIUS

LOCI’Cit. Renzo Piano

MEMORIES OF THE PASTHOPES FOR THE FUTURE

BUILDING MATERIALS IN ANCIENT ROME

The Romans used a wide variety of materials from chalk and sand to pozzolanic concrete mixed with mortar. The also mixed pumice stone with concrete in order to render it lighter. Stone was a clearly an important material:• Marble was used to decorate surfaces• Lime and sand stone were used for pedestrian areas• Basaltic lava or granites were employed for uses subjected

to great stressAs with stone the Romans were extremely advanced in their knowledge and use of different types of wood.

COLOSSEUM

WINDOWS, BATHS AND SOLAR ENERGY IN ANCIENT ROME

Prominent features of Roman architecture were windows and the use of solar energy. Especially in magnificent baths, glazed windows oriented towards the sun were usefull to heat these large buildings.According to this hypothesis Romans anticipated the modern ideas about solar energy, heat transfert and glazed windows to offer human comfort.

ROMAN BATH

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE

AND GREEN ECONOMY

• Materials• Green roof• City planning• Light• Orientation

Susteinable suburb of stockholm

‘Alternative natural materials’ is a general term that describes natural materials such as rock or adobe that are not as commoly in use as

wood or iron. These materials offer good thermal mass and thermal insulation (rock, cordwood), flexibility

(bamboo) and are waterproof and fire-resistant (rammed earth, papercrete).

Moreover the minimize negative effects that our built environment can have on the planet.

Green roofs are a new development in sustanaible buildings that are gaining in popularity across the world. They can be divided in two types:

Intensive living roofs Extensive living roofs

Both types of green roofs can be used with small differences.A green roof system consists of layers that mimic natural processes and also protects the building and the roof itself.Living roofs can be designed to grow local plants.

Green Economy is an emerging sector including things such as organic produce, construction of ‘green buildings’ and new

energy sources. It represents an economical model in

contrast to the more traditional one, based on fossil fuels.

Green economy is based on the awarness that our biosphere is a limitated system

and we must not exploit it.

WE ARE JUST A PIECE OF OUR

WORLD’S JIGSAW PUZZLE

WE planned a new sustainable school building as our own example of green architecture

. . .

We want to be protagonist and say how we would like our school to be!

. . .

‘WE ARE THE ONES

WHO MAKE A BRIGHTER DAY SO LET START

GIVING’

THE DAM

USE OF WATER

• To produce electric energy

• For Water supply

The dam is a barrier to a natural watercourse that is used to create an artificial lake. It can be used in different ways:

• To stabilize water flow for irrigation • For flow prevention

• To prevent access of water in an area that would otherwise be submerged• To use water in other ways useful to men

• For the navigation when the dams are large enough, …….otherwise they are used to block and close the course of the river• To create a naturalistic landscape

Gravity damsWhich are massive concrete structures of simple geometric shape; the area of the artificial lake is straight or arched and the wall exposed to the water is vertical or sub-vertical according to the slope of the valley. This structure is extremely safe if there are natural phenomena like earthquakes or extreme floods.

According to the material used for the costruction, it can be in concrete, in rocks or in mixed materials.

Buttress damsThis structure is similar to the gravity dams, but the wall of the dam is more inclined than the walls of the gravity dams.

These are generally built in the valley of the river’s course, in particular in a place of low gradient.

Their structure, which is built in concrete, is particularly simple thanks the resistances of the arches which transfer the load of water to the side walls of the mountains.

Arch dams

Today dams have increased in numbers, quality and quantity, creating a situation of global alert.In the world there are more than 800 000 dams of all sizes.

A dam can store a quantity of water of about 6000 cubic kilometers, equal to 15% of the renewable water of the earth.However, dams produce 19% of energy and 16% of all global food production.

Chiauci’s Dam

San Domenico’s Dam

Campotosto’s Dam

Penne’s Dam Sant’Angelo’s dam

Bomba’s lake Dam

Water used in DRINKS

A drink, or a beverage, is a kind of liquid which is specifically prepared for human consumption. There are many groups of drinks: plain water, alcoholic drinks, non-alcoholic drinks, soft drinks (carbonated drinks), fruit or vegetable juices and hot drinks.

An alcoholic beverage is a drink that contains ethanol, commonly known as alcohol. Beer has been a part of human culture for 8000 years. The percentage of water is about 90%.

ALCOHOLIC DRINKS

NON-ALCOHOLIC DRINKS

A non-alcoholic drink is one that contains little or no alcohol. This category includes low-alcohol beer, non-alcoholic wine and apple cider, if they contain less than 0,5% alcohol by volume.

SOFT DRINKS

The term “soft drink” specifies the absence of alcohol in contrast to “hard drink”. Beverages such as soda pop, sparkling water, iced tea, lemonade, root beer and fruit punch are the most common soft drinks. Some carbonated drinks are available in versions that are sweetened with a sugar substitute. The percentage of water is about 85%.

FRUIT JUICES

Fruit juice is a natural product that contains few or no additives. Citrus products such as orange and tangerine juice are familiar breakfast drinks. Grapefruit juice, pineapple, apple, grape, lime and lemon juice are also common. Coconut water is a highly nutritious and refreshing juice. Many kinds of berries are crushed and their juices mixed with water and sometimes sweetened. Juices were probably the earliest drinks besides water. Grape juice allowed to ferment produces wine. Orange juice and coconut water remain by far the most highly consumed juices. The percentage of water can vary from 0% to 50%.

HOT DRINKS

A hot drink is any beverage which is normally served heated, by the addition of a heated liquid, such as water or milk, or directly heating the drink itself. Examples are hot chocolate, coffee, tea, tisane, etc. The percentage of water can vary from 25% to 50%.

In the last few years many beverage companies have been responsible for the lack of water in some areas or for changes in public policy to privatize this vital liquid, as well as , affect the economy of many countries. For example, in India 70% of the population based their subsistence on agriculture and therefore on water; communities living next to the bottling plants of the multinational Coca-Cola are suffering the gradual contamination of the land and a progressive lack of water caused by the huge amounts of fresh water necessary for the beverage manufacture. The impact of these factors has affected mainly the most vulnerable communities: indigenous people, women, disadvantaged social classes, small farmers, who have suffered the loss of traditional subsistence of communities and food security for thousands of people.

water Without water life does

not exist. Fresh water is used for drinking, washing,

irrigating, producing energy. It is the most used of the

other sources.

It is in the three-quarters of our muscles and our brain, it makes us assimilate food; it brings nourishment and oxygen to the cells and removes waste products through the blood and lymphatic system, lubricates every joint of our body and is its natural air conditioning trought the sweating.A human body can contain 47 liters of that!!

97%

2% 1%

Seas and oceans GlaciersFresh water

68.9%

29.9%0.9% 0.3%

Glaciers

Aquifer

Soil/air humidity

On the surface

About fresh water (3% of the total)Water totally in the world (that covers 71% of of this)

The lack of waterCauses:● Waste and bad uses of

water;● Pollution;● Water as

merchandise;● Deforestation;● Privatizations;● Industries.

Consequences:• Illness;• Desertification;• Alteration of

ecosystem;• Incrementation of

shortage:• Heating of weather.

Possible solution

to obtain fresh water from salted water

Water purification• Water purification is

the process of removing undesiderable chemicals , biological contaminants, suspended solids and gases from contaminated water.

Desalination by ion concentration polarizationDuring this process , both salts and larger particles are pushed away from the membrane, which significantly reduces the possibility of membrane fouling and salt accumulation.

A charge-driven molecular water pump

Nanopumps driven by electric or magnetic fields can transport ions and magnetic quanta. It is a combination of charges positioned adjacent to a nanopore and is inspired by the structure of channels in the cellular membrane that conduct water in and out of the cell (aquaporins).

Ozonation in water treatmentThe treatment process

does not add chemicals to the water. Ozone can eliminate a wide variety of inorganic, organic and microbiological problems and taste and odor problems. The microbiological agents include bacteria, viruses, and protozons

Water as renewable

energy

Hydropower

Wave power

4IFederico Falcone

Chiara FirmaniAnna ColettiDenis Le Ardi

Jessica D’AmbrosioLuca Terenzi

Lorenzo BuccellaAlessio Chiavaroli

Valeria CianciarusoParide De NicolaMattia Di Donato

Alexandra DiaconuAugusto Giancola

Stefano MazzocchettiIlaria Scoglio

Gianluca Sofia

4HAntonio Agusto

Federica CarducciAlessandro Ciarfella

Amerigo CirelliVanessa Da FermoLorenzo Del RossiCarola Di CamilloSamuele Di FabioMatteo Di Fulvio

Noemi Di GiandomenicoMarina Di MichelePierpalolo MarianiMatteo Mascione

Cinzia PaoliniFabio Paparella

Pierfrancesco PompaMaria Giulia RolliMichele Romano

Lorenzo ScoccheraStefano SpadanoAlessandro Tolli

Francesco TriozziFabrizio Varelli

4CMattia Barbarossa

Lisa CafarelliAminta CarozzaSilvia CavalloneNoemi Colucci

Caterina CrudeliLorenzo Di FazioFabrizio Di FioreDaniele Di RenzoVeronica FerranteLudovica Fraicassè

Kevin FurbescoAlessia Fusco

Lorenza GianvittorioFrancesco Ianni

Francesca LobefaroFrancesco MagriniAurora MarangoniVittorio Maroscia

Valentina MembrinoHilary MurilloAlice OrtolanoIlaria Ortuso

Alessia PalestiniBruno Parisse

Mariano PomanteFrancesco Troiano

4 EBenigni

BozziCilli

D’accurzioD’agostino

De PasqualeDel Zozzo

FalascaFerrariniGasbarriLo RussoMarchioli

MoricoNicolò

OrlandoPace

PalladinettiPardo

PergoliniPierguidiPingelliRenzettiSpadano

TaraborrelliTomaiuolo