Colonel Denis Musson DPC Direction de la Protection Civile, Haut-commissariat de la République en...
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![Page 1: Colonel Denis Musson DPC Direction de la Protection Civile, Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Française Dominique Reymond LDG/DASE/CEA :](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649eaa5503460f94bae83f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Colonel Denis MussonDPC Direction de la Protection
Civile,Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Française
Dominique ReymondLDG/DASE/CEA :Laboratoire de Geophysique de TahitiDepartement d’Analyse Surveillance
EnvironnementCommissariat a l’Energie Atomique
Consequences of 2 tsunami exercises
in 2005, in French Polynesia : evolution of the tsunami
warning
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Tsunami in French Polynesia : generalities
Tsunami warning plan : share of competencies
The different Levels of warningThe basis of warning system
The 2 excercices of 2005
Summary
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FrenchPolynesia
South Chili,Mai 1960, M 9.5
Chili,Jul 1995, M 8.0
Peru,Fev. 1996, M 7.5
Alaska,Mars 1964, M 9.2
Aleutian,1 avr 1946, M 8.5
Aléoutian,Mars 1957, M 8.7
Kamchatka,Nov. 1952, M 9.0
The 20th century’s most dangerous tsunami in Polynesia (with amplitudes exceeding 2 m in
French Polynesia)
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The Marquesas islands, a vulnerable archipelago : measured heights in Hiva Oa and Nuku Hiva, April 1st
1946
CEA/DASE/LDG
Tsunami field survey ofE. Okal & al.
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CEA/DASE/LDG_Tahiti
9 mars 1957 – Oahu - Hawaii1 Avril 1946 – Hilo - Hawaii
Hiva Oa (Marquesas) :
the Chilean tsunami on July 30th 1995 (mag 8.0)
Run-up # 3-4 m
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Tonga3 -4 hours Chile - Peru
10 - 11 hours
Aleutian11 hours
Propagation time from main subduction zonesto French Polynesia
Japan, Kuril,Kamchtaka12-13 hours
CPPT : Centre Polynésien de prévention des Tsunamis
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He is the represantative of the French Government
He is the authority in charge of the activation of the plan and the relief and emergency coordination.
The activation of the whole, or a part, of the Plan is decided by the High-commissioner on the basis of the observations and recommendations submitted by the LDG.
This Plan must be continued by local communities.
The tsunami warning planThe role of the High-commissioner :
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In accordance with the District Code, the mayor is in charge of anticipating, and providing all necessary assistance:
He is in charge of the information of all inhabitants in his district.
Each mayor ensures that population has taken all useful precautions for its security
The tsunami warning plan:the role of the Mayor
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Data acquisition
3 components seismic data of a single station
Realtime analysis of seismic databy a PC computer
Location Detection Magnitude, Mo
Warning from a given threshold (mag 7.0)
Seismologist 24h/24h on duty
Warning to Civil Defense
CEA/DASE/LDG
Tremors : Overview of the automatic seismic warning system
TREMORS: Tsunami Risk Estimation through a Real-time System
NZ
E
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Magnitude Mm > 8 7 < Mm < 9
Location coming from TONGA any except TONGA
9 hours level 2
6 hours level 3
3 hours level 4 level 4
return to normal level 1 level 1
* Transfer from a level to another is automatic, except on information given by LDG
GREEN level 1 normal situation (wakefulness)YELLOW level 2 central alert (HC + local government)ORANGE level 3 local alert (districts)
RED level 4 general alert (population evacuation)GREEN level 1 return to normal situation,launched on LDG communication
The tsunami warning plan:Alert levels
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LEV
EL
3LE
VEL
2LE
VEL
4
HC - DPC
Flow-chart of present warning to populations
The warning could start at any level in function of available delays
LDG
Territorial administrator
TV, radio
Mayor
Populations
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Drills
2 exercises were organized in 2005:
1 - to test the tsunami plan about the international airport of Tahiti
2 - to test effective warning to the population in Marquesas islands. 1 valley on 3 islands was evacuated.
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the case of the international airport of TahitiThe numerical simulation shows the inundation of technical installations :
- carburant tanks zone,
- part of the tarmac,
- electrical supply installation,
- flying lights and transmissions.
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The case of the international airport of Tahiti
If the airport could be out of order, some reflex rules were elaborated about, for example :
- rerouting of the flying planes, sheltering landed planes - protection of technical equipments, engines and installations,- evacuation and security of the public zone,- measures for restarting quickly the airport.
On the other hand, a restructuring of the airport is programmed for economical reasons. The result of numerical simulation will be integrated in the project.
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Drill in Marquesas
The usual supports, telephone, fax, local radio station and .. bells, were used.
New other were tested: recorded message by phone and SMS.
There is no siren in these island whose communities are isolated.
The warning chain was tested : LDG, HC-DPC, Territorial administrator, mayor, population.
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* The recorded message concerned : local authorities, hotel with tourists, administrations of school, hospital, etc …
* The message in French, Marquesian and English, was recorded in 30 minutes;
* 90 min was necessary for the transmission.
* 38 /40 addresses received this message.
* The weakness of this option: there is nobody in 24h/24h on duty at the French Polynesian telephone service provider
Drill in Marquesastest of new transmission supports
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Drill in Marquesastest of new transmission supports (cont.)
* The diffusion of the warning by SMS require 65 minutes to input the message in three languages, and to find the phone references of foreigner tourists.
* In one hour, 44% of the 1145 local cellular phones were contacted, but 0% of the 52 foreigners.
*Furthermore, this system perturbed normal vocal channels.
* Evidently, this interesting possibility is not adapted for a rapid warning.
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Drill in MarquesasEvacuations : this exercise was prepared with the communal authorities and the communities : 200 to 1000 inhabitants.But 1h to 1h45 was necessary to evacuate. The real difficulty is to join these isolated communities.
Recently, the French Polynesia was hit by a large swell. Some little atolls of Tuamotu archipelago needed 36 hours for joining them.
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Drill
The new tsunami warning systemthe scattering of the communities on 5 million kilometer
square
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150 remote controlled sirens by inmarsat C, will be installed in all of the communities on the territory in 2005 to 2007.This network is secured by 2 permanent satellites.The large hotels on lagoon will be equipped too.
The new tsunami warning system
TAHITI
LDGcommuni
ty
DPC
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15000 us dollars, battery, solar panels and transceiver included.
This equipment transmit informations about the status of siren and its battery.
this siren network will be tested once/month.
Remote controlled siren
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In February 2006, the topic will be to test this siren network and the evacuation of population of the 6 valleys of Hiva Oa(Marquesas).
The next excercise
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EndEnd