Collateralized Mortgage Obligations and Stripped MBS Chapter 12.
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Transcript of Collateralized Mortgage Obligations and Stripped MBS Chapter 12.
CMO
securities developed to better deal with prepayment risk associated with PTs bond classes created by redirecting CFs of
mortgage-related products prepayment risk is still present but creation of
CMO allows separation of prepayment risk into different securities parties who can better handle one type of risk (extension
or contraction) will now invest in ones best for them – have created different securities that have different risk-return characteristics
CMO Structure
backed by pool of PTs, loans, or stripped MBS CMOs have different classes of bonds that have different
maturities tranches classes retired on priority basis
Sequential Pay CMOs tranches retired sequentially periodic interest to all tranches with first tranche receiving
all principal payments (expected and prepays) principal pay-down window – time period between
beginning and ending of principal payments for specific tranche
accrual tranche or Z bond – receives no interest
Example
Tranche Par Amount Coupon Rate
A $194,500,000 7.5%
B 36,000,000 7.5%
C 96,500,000 7.5%
D 73,000,000 7.5%
Floating Rate Tranches
like with other securities, CMOs have varying structures to make more appealing to investors can create a floating rate tranche by taking class
and making floater and inverse floater
Floating Rate Tranches
in example, floating tranche will be $72,375,000 or 75% of $96.5m K is cap for inverse floater and L is coupon
leverage K set at 28.5% and L set at 3 for this example K – L (one-month LIBOR) is rate on inverse floater low leverage – medium leverage – high leverage
weighted average coupon rate has to equal 7.5% assume LIBOR is 9%
floater rate 9.0% + 0.5% = 9.5% inverse floater rate 28.5 – 3(9%) = 1.5% WAC 0.75(9.5%) + 0.25(1.5%) = 7.5%
Planned Amortization Class Tranches PAC bonds – priority over other classes in
area of principal payment allows greater certainty of timing of CFs all prepayments go to support or companion
bonds (other tranches) use initial collars to determine monthly expected
payments to PAC bonds – if prepayment speeds differ from those in initial collar, then average life changes
Terminology for PACs
planned amortization bonds / support bonds initial PAC collars busted – term used when PAC schedule is broken effective collar – once PAC bond is seasoned, the initial
collars are not helpful in finding prepayment protection – effective collar is used to help
to give greater prepayment protection to PACs lockout structure – CMO structure with no principal
payments to PAC bond class in earlier years (because create more support bonds)
reverse structure – requires any excess principal payments to be made to the longer PAC bonds after all support bonds are paid off
CMO Terminology
agency CMOs / nonagency CMOs private label CMO – private entity issues CMO but
underlying collateral is pool of PTs guaranteed by an agency
whole loan CMO – collateral for CMO is pool of unsecuritized mortgage loans (interchangeable with nonagency CMO because most common type of nonagency is whole loan)
CMO should be a REMIC in order to get tax benefits
Stripped MBS
alter distribution of CFs to one of unequal distribution to different classes
types synthetic coupon PTs – first generation of stripped
MBSs interest-only/principal-only securities – mortgage
strips CMO strips (structured IOs) – one of CMO
classes is IO or PO
Mortgage Strips
PO purchased at big discount from par yield depends on speed of prepayments – the
faster the prepayments the higher the yield when mortgage rates fall, prepayments are expected to
speed up so CF to PO holder accelerates so price of PO increases (result is also in part due to lower discount rate)
Mortgage Strips
IO has no par value investor in IO wants prepayments to slow because receive
interest only on principal outstanding if prepayments are too fast, investor may not recover cost of IO if rates decline, prepayments are expected to increase which
results in loss in expected CF but CF discounted using lower rate (net result usually though is decline in price)
if rates rise, expected CFs improve but CFs discounted at higher rate – net result can be rise or fall in price of IO
price tends to move in same direction as change in rates when rates fall below coupon rate and for some range of rates above the coupon rate