Coast CASE STUDIES

AQA A

Geography

MO@sbs

Case Studies …

Salt marsh

Landslide

Engineering

Sea level rise

Case Studies …

Salt marsh

KeyhavenLandslide

Engineering

St Bees

Sea level rise

Holbeck HallScarborough

Maldives

1. Saltmarshes

• Locate – Sketch map

• Associate – landform 156

• Process – E 167

• Board

• QR Code Reader

• Grassland scrub Saltmarsh Reedbeds

Saltmarshes

• Locate – Sketch map

• Associate – landform 156

• Process – E 167

• Board

• QR Code Reader

• Grassland scrub Saltmarsh Reedbeds

Keyhaven Marshes HAMPSHIRE

2. Sea Level Change

• Case Study Compass rose NESW – board

• Ppt

• Watch, then listen

Environmental impacts of coastal flooding

• Loss of beaches.

• Destroys habitats.

• Loss of topsoil

Economic.• Loss of tourism.

• Loss of jobs.

• Airport in danger.

• Disruption of fishing industry.

• Costly sea defence schemes.

Social • Houses destroyed/lost.

• Communities split up.

• Lack of freshwater.

Political.• Ask for aid to build coastal defences. (Japan

$60mill) to protect Male.

• Government policies to pledge reduction of greenhouse gases.

• Try to persuade rest of world to do same.

• Buying land to move people before it is too late.

NESW

Natural

Economic

Social

Political

3. Management

• Quick sketch – which is which?

• St Bees Card Fill

• Table Sort

• QUESTION

Cafe

Toilet

Lifeboat

TOMLIN

HEAD

GOLF

COURSE

St Bees

CUMBRIA

Coastal

Management

Rottington Beck brings river

material [load] onto the coast

Waves are bent as they

approach the coast shaping the

beach likewise

Revetment protects the Café and

rock armour the rest of the slope

Waves are reflected on the Head

and concentrated on the centre

of the sea wall

Large material is quarried from

the head and deposited on the

wave cut platform

A ‘do nothing’ strategy is used

below the golf course so that

beach material is maintained

A sea wall provides the main

defence with a promenade on top

Groynes stop long shore drift

trapping and maintaining the

beach material

Cafe

Toilet

Lifeboat

TOMLIN

HEAD

GOLF

COURSE

St Bees

CUMBRIA

Coastal

Management

Rottin

gto

n B

eck b

rings r

iver

mate

rial [load] onto

the c

oast

Large material is quarried from

the head and deposited on the

wave cut platform

LANDFORMS - framework PROCESSES - cause AFFECT ON PEOPLE - value SOLUTIONS – and affect

Residents of the beach estate

have noticed a rise in insurance

premiums 15

A ‘do nothing’ policy is

employed for the Golf Course

cliff as the beach material

protects the slope toe 16

Incoming waves and reflected

[by Tomlin Head] and refracted

[bent] to deposit beach material

14

Longshore drift moves eroded

material down beach to

replenish beach stocks 8

Hydraulic Action and corrasion

erodes wave cut notches at the

base of the cliffs 1

The golf course cliffs are

unconsolidated glacial terminal

moraine 6

The golf course has built

another hole and is considering

abandoning the third hole 3

Groynes stop material removed

from the head and carried in

from offshore being carried too

far down the coast 9

The beach café is gradually

falling into the sea 2

St Bees Head is a sandstone

cliff 50 m high. 5

Hoteliers and caravan park

owners are concerned that their

investments will devalue 12

Constructive wave

transportation moves material

onshore in the summer months

7

A highly graded beach with large

expanse of sand is topped by

graded stones and cobbles 13

Rip rap + revetment protect the

base of slopes below the beach

café and caravan park 10

The sea wall deflects incoming

wave energy providing a new

resource in the form of a

promenade 4

Sand dunes existed either side

of Rottington Beck 11

LANDFORMS - framework PROCESSES - cause AFFECT ON PEOPLE -

value SOLUTIONS – and affect

St Bees Head is a sandstone cliff 50 m high. 5

Hydraulic Action and corrasion erodes wave cut notches at the base of the

cliffs 1

The beach café is gradually falling into the sea 2

The sea wall deflects incoming wave energy

providing a new resource in the form of a promenade 4

The golf course cliffs are unconsolidated glacial terminal moraine 6

Constructive wave transportation moves

material onshore in the summer months 7

The golf course has built another hole and is

considering abandoning the third hole 3

Groynes stop material removed from the head

and carried in from offshore being carried too

far down the coast 9

Sand dunes existed either side of Rottington Beck 11

Longshore drift moves eroded material down

beach to replenish beach stocks 8

Hoteliers and caravan park owners are concerned that

their investments will devalue 12

Rip rap + revetment protect the base of slopes below the beach café and

caravan park 10

A highly graded beach with large expanse of sand is topped by graded stones

and cobbles 13

Incoming waves and reflected [by Tomlin Head]

and refracted [bent] to deposit beach material 14

Residents of the beach estate have noticed a rise in insurance premiums 15

A ‘do nothing’ policy is employed for the Golf

Course cliff as the beach material protects the slope

toe 16

Question

Contrast Hard Engineering with Soft Engineering to explain which is the most desirable management strategy.

Hard +

Hard –

Soft +

Soft -

4.

Why did Holbeck Hall collapse?

Name Date

Reasons for collapse

‘rock’ type

(think of St Bees)

weather

beforehand

e _ _ _ _ _ under-

cutting the cliff

Boulder clay

when dry…

s _ _ _ _ _ _ _

(and s _ _______ _ _ )

when wet…

key word =

lubrication

“Lady Luck”,

fortune, destiny,

God?

types?

(remember

coastal kung-fu)

Any possible

human causes?

w _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

breaking the cliff up

types?

Can you think of any

possible reasons first?Any others?

Do

QuestionsEnvironmental

Economic

Social

Political

A case study of an area of recent or threatened cliff collapse –

rates of coastal erosion;

Holbeck Hall, St Bees

1. What are the reasons why some areas are

susceptible to undercutting by the sea and collapse;

[4]

2. How do people worsen the situation; [4]

3. What are the impact on people’s lives and the

environment? [8]

Dawlish Warren

Slapton Ley