CNES TOULOUSE 18th December 2012

EUSO BALLOON RCD 18.12.2012 J. EVRARD

CNES TOULOUSE 18th December 2012

EUSO BALLOON MISSION ANALYSIS

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MM

AIR

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EUSO BALLOON RCD 18.12.2012 J. EVRARD2

MISSION REQUIREMENTS

BALLOON FLIGHT PROFILE and WINDS

LAUNCH SITES (TRAJECTORIES, BEST PERIODS)

MOON and other CONSTRAINTS

CONCLUSION


MISSION REQUIREMENTS A- level : Technological demonstrator

[MRA2] : at least 3 hours moonless and 3 hours with moon (<25 % full moon).

The absolute minimum requirements : 2 hours during the night with moon (<25 % full moon).

[MRA3] flight data at float level shall include sudden background enhancements due to city lights etc…


MISSION REQUIREMENTS B- level : Real data and background study

[MRB1] A part of the above B-level requirements may already be met during a first balloon

1st priority : over ocean / moonless

2nd priority : over ocean / moon

3rd priority : over land / moonless

4th priority : over land, moon

Accordingly, the launch site/season for a second flight will be chosen to allow for a flight over an ocean, the precise launch date shall allow to observe at least 2h (TBD) at a float level of 3 mbar.


MISSION REQUIREMENTS C-level (precursor mission):

[MRC1] Long duration flight operation (≥ 50 hours at night, TBC) of the EUSO-Balloon instrument in trigger mode and in low background configuration

[MRC4] Choose launch date to allow for a part of the flight over a high reflectivity surface (clouds, snow ...)


Balloon flight profileand Winds

Ascent ~ 3 hours

Ceiling : Few hours, 1 night or more…

Altitude

Time

Descent : 30 min

40 Km

Balloon size for EUSO :

400 000 m3 -> 40 Km altitude

Stratospheric winds :

From West : September <-> April

From East : May <-> August

Turn around period : ~2 weeks,

Ideal for long duration flights

Dificult for trajectory forecasts


BIG BALLOON LAUNCH SITES

Kiruna Sweden : Well known site, opened

End August <-> mid September, long duration flights possible (Turn Around), Lakes are not frozen.

Mid September <-> end October, Gulf of Buthnia possible, landing in Russia possible too



Timmins Canada : New site, first launches next March 2013

May and September, long duration flights possible June <-> August, fly over the Lake Superior possible with USA agreement



French sites Aire and Gap : Closed for safety reasons (2006)

Should be opened with sea recovery (2015 TBC)

Perfect site for technological and real data acquisition

Ideal period : late May <-> mid June



Alice Springs : CSBF launch site

Ideal period : Early November, possible later with other TM/TC Stations

Good site for cosmic ray acquisition

Balloon campaign expected for PILOT Mission 2017 November, December


BIG BALLOON LAUNCH SITES Other sites possible

Andaman Islands : 1300 Km over Indian Ocean, 550 Km over India. Possible cooperation. When ?

Florida to Japan : 1500 Km over Gulf of Mexico, 1300 Km over USA and Mexico, 11200 Km over Pacific ocean. Sea recovery in South Japan archipelago. Gustavo is promoting this flight with AEM and NASA. When ? After CNES flights

New Caledonia to Australia : 1500 Km over the sea, 3700 Km over Australia. When ?


MOON and other CONSTRAINTS

Moon

Maximum : 25% of the full moon => ~ 8 days per month usable

If MRA2 objectives must be reached in a single flight => only 4 days possibles on the Timmins 2014 Spring campaign (April and May)

Other constraints

A balloon is launched when : Gondola is ready to fly

Mission objectives are reachable

Trajectory is acceptable (safety, recovery)

Ground weather conditions are good


HOW MANY FLIGHT ?First flight : Timmins 2014.

2 hours or much more with moon <= 25%

Clouds, snow, water, duration

Sudden background enhancements due to city lights etc…

Second flight : Timmins, Kiruna or Aire sur l’Adour, 2015 ?

Kiruna : Clouds, snow, water


Aire : Clouds, snow, water, duration


Third flight : Timmins, Kiruna or Aire sur l’Adour, 2016 or Alice Springs , 2017 ?

Alice Springs : Clouds, snow, water, city lights, duration


HOW MANY FLIGHT ?

Sites have advantages and inconveniences

Lights Clouds Snow Water/sea Duration

3 days

Timmins

Kiruna

Aire sur l’Adour O O

Alice Springs O O

With USA Agreement

It’ll depend on results of each flight and on CNES balloon campaigns decided

but 3 flights seem a minimum

Florida to Japan flight with CSBF will be « Frosting on the cake »


Risques vol BSO départ Aire sur l’AdourPartie quantitative

Altitude

Temps

40 Km

Ascent risk : 1.05 10-5

Risk at ceilling : 0.58 10-5

End of flight risk: 0.15 10-5

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Flight risk : 1.78 10-5

Aire Landes Mer

Maximum risk : 3.0 10-5

CNES TOULOUSE 18th December 2012

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