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Design and Implementation of VLSI Systems(EN1600)lecture01
Sherief RedaDivision of Engineering, Brown University
Spring 2008
[sources: Weste/Addison Wesley – Rabaey Pearson]
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• Introduction• Brief Tour of VLSI Design and Implementation• Class logistics
Lecture 01: the big picture
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Objectives of the class
• A VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) system integrates millions of “electronic components” in a small area (few mm2 few cm2).
• Class objective: Learn how to design “efficient” VLSI systems that implement required functionalities.
• What are the design metrics?
• Circuit Speed / Performance• Power consumption• Design Area• Yield
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What are VLSI systems composed of?
pMOS
nMOS
1.Transistors
CMOS logic gates
+
2. Wires
=
Circuits
design
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How does an IC look like from the inside?
transistors
wires
R. Noyce J. Kilby
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Technology scaling
Moore’s Law. The number of transistors in an integrated circuit doubles every 2 years.
Quad core from Intel:
~600 million transistors in
286 mm2
If a pond lily doubles everyday and it takes 30 days to completely cover a pond, on what day will the pond be 1/2 covered?
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Feature sizes
Human Hair
~75 m
0.18 m180 nmfeature
.
.
~40,000 (65-nm node) transistors could fit on cross-section
[C. Keast]
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Why should you learn about VLSI systems?
• They are ubiquitous in our daily lives (computers/iPods/TVs/Cars/…/etc). EN160 can help you understand the devices you use.
• The market for VLSI systems (and semiconductors) is worth $250 billion dollars. EN160 can help you get a decent job after graduation (or you
can even start your own company).
• VLSI design and analysis is fun!
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Biggest semiconductor companies
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• Introduction• Brief Tour of VLSI Design and Implementation• Class logistics
Lecture 01: the big picture
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What does it take to design VLSI systems? Same engineering principles you learned so far
2. write specifications
1. idea (need)
3. design system 4. analyze/
modelsystem
if sa
tisfa
ctor
y
5. Fabrication
6. test / work as modeled?
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1. Applications / Ideas
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2. Specifications
• Instruction set
• Interface (I/O pins)
• Organization of the system
• Functionality of each unit in the and how it to communicate to other unit
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3/4. Design and Analysis
• Design development is facilitated using Computer-Aided Design (CAD) tools
compilation/synthesis
VHDL / Verilog / SystemC
device layout find wire routesmask layout patterns
design schematics
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5. Fabrication
tapeout
mask writer masks
wafer
printing
die
dice
mask layout patterns
test and packaging
chip
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6. Evaluate design and compare to model.
board
• Does the chip function as it is supposed to be?
• Does it work at desired clock frequency? (can we overclock?)
• Check signal integrity• Power consumption• Input/output behavior
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What are we going to cover in this class?
• Overview of VLSI CMOS fabrication• MOS transistor theory• VLSI Layout design• Circuit analysis and performance estimation • Computer-aided design and analysis tools• Combinational and sequential circuit design• Memory systems• Big, nice design project
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Textbooks
Recommended Additional
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Grading
• 20% Homeworks
• 20% Midterm
• 20% Design Project
• 40% Final exam
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Website
• http://ic.engin.brown.edu/classes• Office hours• Lab TA: Mike Kadin