CLOSING CEREMONY - Springer978-1-4684-1318-2/1.pdf · CLOSING CEREMONY The closing ceremony took...

CLOSING CEREMONY

The closing ceremony took place on Thursday, 14th August 1986. The Direc

tor of the School presented the Prizes and Scholarships as specified below.

PRIZES AND SCHOLARSHIPS

Prize for Best Student

awarded to Steve GIDDINGS, Princeton University, USA.

The Scholarships open for competition among the participants were awarded

as follows:

Patrick M.S. Blackett Scholarship

Andrea PASQUINUCCI, University of Milano, Italy

James Chadwick Scholarship

Mark R. CARTER, Stanford University, USA.

Paul A.M. Dirac Scholarship

Giancarlo D'AMBROSIO, Harvard University, USA.

Amos De-Shalit Scholarship

Yigal SHAMIR, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Gunnar Kiillen Scholarship

Steven CARLIP, University of Texas, Austin, USA.

Andre Lagarrigue Scholarship

Paolo GIUBELLINO, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.

Giulio Racah Scholarship

Michael McGUIGAN, Rockefeller University, USA.

J. John Sakurai Scholarship

John QUACKENBUSCH, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.

Giorgio Ghigo Scholarship

Alfred SHAPERE, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA.

255

Enrico Persico Scholarship

Peter FISHER, SIN, Villingen, Switzerland.

Peter Preiswerk Scholarship

Hillel LIVNE, Tel Aviv University, Israel.

Gianni Quareni Scholarship

Fernando QUEVEDO, University of Texas, USA.

Piersanti M atterella Scholarship

Gennaro MIELE, Istituto di Fisica Teorica, Napoli, Italy.

Olo! Palme Scholarship

Zvi BERN, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, USA.

The following students received Honorary Mentions for their contributions

to the activity of the School:

256

Krzysztof MEISSNER

Peter VECSERNYES

Institute of Theoretical Physics,

Warsaw, Poland

Research Institute for Physics

Budapest, Hungary

The following students received the EPS Scholarships:

Jan FTACNIK

Roberto IASEVOLI

Ivan KOSTOV

Krzysztof MEISSNER

Peter NEUMAN

Peter VECSERNYES

Max-Planck-Institut,

Munich, FRG

Dipartimento di Fisica,

Napoli, Italy

Institute for Nuclear Research,

Sofia, Bulgaria

Institute for Theoretical Physics,

Warsaw, Poland

Institute for Theoretical Physics,

Budapest, Hungary

Central Research Institute,

Budapest, Hungary

The following participants gave their collaboration in the scientific secretarial

work:

Zvi BERN Ulriche KRAEMER Fernando QUEVEDO

Fabrizio BIAN CHI Juergen KRUEGER Thomas REDELBERG

Jon BJORKMAN Hillel LIVNE Daniel ROHRLICH

Mark CARTER Michael McGUIGAN Christopher SCOTT

Decio COCOLICCHIO Krzysztof MEISSNER Yigal SHAMIR

Giancarlo D'AMBROSIO Gennaro MIELE Alfred SHAPERE

Peter FISHER Hans-Gunter MOSER Paul SHOTTON

Steve GIDDINGS Peter NEUMAN Peter VECSERNYES

Paolo GIUBELLINO Andrea PASQUINUCCI Stephen WEBB

Stephen HAYWOOD John QUACKENBUSH

257

PARTICIPANTS

Ahmed ALI

Luis ALVAREZ-GAUME

Carlos AYALA

Luis BENTO

Zvi BERN

Stefano BERTOLINI

Fabrizio BrAN CHI

Jon E. BJORKMAN

Helmut BURKHARDT

DESY N otkestrasse 85 2000 HAMBURG, FRG

Physics Department Harvard University CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138, USA

Department of Theoretical Physics Univ. Autonoma de Bellaterra BELLATERRA, BARCELONA, Spain

Centro de Fisica Nuclear Universidade de Lisboa Av. prof. Gama Pinto, 2 1699 LISBOA CEDEX, Portugal

Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Theoretical Physics Group BERKELEY, CA 94720, USA

Department of Physics New York University NEvV YORK, NY 10003, USA

Ist.ituto di Fisica dell'Universita Via Massimo D' Azeglio, 46 10125 TORINO, Italy

University of Colorado, Boulder Department of Physics High Energy Physics Group Campus Box 390 BOULDER, CO 80309, USA

CERN EP Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland

259

Tiziano CAMPORESI

Sergio CARACCIOLO

Steven CARLIP

Mark R. CARTER

Decio COCOLICCHIO

Joanne COHN

FrancQis CORRIVEAU

Guy COUGHLAN

Giancarlo D'AMBROSIO

David. J. DANIEL

Alessandro DE ANGELIS

Lucia DI CIACCIO

260


Scuola Normale Superiore Piazza dei Cavalieri, 7 56100 PISA, Italy

Department of Physics The University of Texas at Austin AUSTIN, TX 78712, USA

SLAC P.O. Box 4349 STANFORD, CA 94305, USA

Istituto di Fisica dell'Universita Via Amendola, 173 70126 BARI, Italy

The University of Chicago The Enrico Fermi Institute 5640 S. Ellis Ave. CHICAGO, IL 60637, USA


Department of Theoretical Physics University of Oxford 1 Keble Road OXFORD, OXl 3NP, UK

Department of Physics Harvard University CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138, USA

Department of Physics University of Edinburgh King's Buildings EDINBURGH EH9 EJZ, UK

Dip. di Fisica dell'Universita Via Marzolo, 8 35100 PADOVA, Italy

Dipartimento di Fisica Universita Tor Vergata Via Orazio Raimondo 00100 ROMA, Italy

Michael DINE

Cesareo A. DOMINGUEZ

Marcos DRACOS

Gosta EKSPONG

Jonathan EVANS

Pierre FAYET

Sergio FERRARA

Ferruccio FERUGLIO

Peter FISHER

Jan FTACNIK

Reiner GARRElS

Physics Department City College of New York Convent Ave. at 138th St. NEW YORK, NY 10031, USA

ICTP P.O. Box 586 34100 MIRAMARE - TRIESTE, Italy

Centre de Recherches N ucleaires LEP-DELPHI B.P.20 67037 STRASBOURG CEDEX, France

University of Stockholm Institute of Physics Vanadisvagen 9 11346 STOCKHOLM, Sweden

Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge Silver Street CAMBRIDGE CB3 9EW, UK

Laboratoire de Physique Theorique Ecole Nonnale Superieure 24 Rue Lhomond 75231 PARIS, France

Physics Department University of California LOS ANGELES, CA 90024, USA


SIN 5234 VILLIGEN, Switzerland

Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik und Astrophysik P.O. Box 40 12 12 MUNICH, FRG

Institut fur Theoretische Physik Universitiit Karlsrhue P.O. Box 63 80 KARLSRHUE, FRG

261

Steve GIDDINGS

George GINTHER

Paolo GIUBELLINO

Karl-Martin GLAS

Sheldon L. GLASHOW

David GROSS

Simon HANDS

Stephen HAYWOOD

Timothy J. HOLLOWOOD

Roberto IASEVOLI

Eric KAJFASZ

Astri KLEGGE

262

Physics Department Princeton University P.O. Box 708 PRINCETON, NJ 08540, USA

FERMILAB P.O. Box 500 BATAVIA, IL 60510, USA


Max-Planck-Institut fiir Physik und Astrophysik P.P. Box 40 12 12 MUNICH, FRG

Physics Department Harvard University CAtvlBRIDGE, l'v1A 02138, USA

Physics Department Princeton University P.O. Box 708 PRINCETON, NY 08540, USA

Department of Physics University of Edinburgh EDINBURGH EH9 3JZ, UK


Department of l\'Iathematical Sciences University of Durham South Road DURHAM DH1 3LE, UK

Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Universita Mostra d'Oltremare - Pad. 20 80125 NAPOLI, Italy

Centre de Physique des Particules 70, Route Leon Lachamp 13288 MARSEILLE CEDEX, France

University of Stockholm Department of Physics Vanadisvagen 9 11346 STOCKHOLM, Sweden

Ivan KOSTOV

Ulriche KRAEMMER

J uergen KRUEG ER

Francesco LACAVA

Hillel LIVNE

Fedele LIZZI

Ute LOEW

Dieter LUKE

J nanadeva MAHARAN A

Daniel MARLOW

Michael McGUIGAN

Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Boulevard Lenin 72 1784 SOFIA, Bulgaria

Institut fUr Hochenergiephysik Akademie del' Wissenschaften Nikolsdorfergasse 18 1050 WIEN, Austria

II Institut fur Experimentalphysik Notkestrasse 85 2000 HAMBURG 52, FRG

Istituto di Fisica Ulliversita la Sapienza Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5 00185 ROMA, Italy

School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University RAMAT-AVIV, TEL AVIV, Israel

HEP Division Rutherford Appleton Laboratory CHILTON, OXON OX11 OQX, UK

Institut of Theoretical Physik University of Heidelberg Philosophenweg 16 6900 HEIDELBERG, FRG

DESY Notkestrasse 85 2000 HAMBURG, FRG

CERN TH Division 1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland

Princeton University Physics Department P.O. Box 708 PRINCETON, NJ 08544, USA

Physics Department Rockefeller University 1230 York Avenue NEW YORK, NY 10021, USA

263

Krzysztof MEISSNER

Robin MIDDLETON

Gennaro MIELE

Hans-Gunter MOSER

Madhusree MUKERJEE

Peter NEUMAN

Keisuke OKANO

Rene A. ONG

Ahmimed OURAOU

Giampiero P AFFUTI

Michele PAOLUZZI

Andrea PASQUINUCCI

264

Institute of Theoretical Physics Warsaw University ul. Hoza 69 00-689 WARSAW, Poland

Rutherford Appleton Laboratory CHILTON, OXON OX11 OQX, UK

Istituto di Fisica Teorica dell'Universita Mostra d'Oltremare 80125 NAPOLI, Italy


The University of Chicago The Enrico Fermi Institute 5640 Ellis A venue CHICAGO, IL 60637, USA

Institute of Theoretical Physics Eotvos University Puskin Utca 5-7 10088 BUDAPEST VIII, Hungary

Universitiit Gesamthochschule Siegen Fachbereich 7 - Physik SIEGEN, FRG

SLAC P.O. Box 4349 STANFORD, CA 94305, USA

Departement de Physique des Particules Elementaires Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay 91191 GIF-SUR-YVETTE CEDEX, France


Dip. di Fisica dell'Universita Via Elce di Sotto 06100 PERUGIA, Italy

Dip. di Fisica dell'Universita Via Celoria, 16 20133 MILANO, Italy

John QUACKENBUSH

Fernando QUEVEDO

Mariano QUIROS

Stuart RABY

Lars RASMUSSEN

Thomas REDELBERGER

Giovanni RIDOLFI

Daniel ROHRLICH

Carlo RUBBIA

Philippe RUELLE

Arthur SCHAFFER

Julien SCHWINGER

Christopher SCOTT

Department of Physics University of California LOS ANGELES, CA 90024, USA

Physics Department University of Texas AUSTIN, TX 78712, USA


Los Alamos National Laboratory P.O. Box 1663 LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545, USA



Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Via Dodecaneso, 33 16146 GENOVA, Italy

Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory UPTON, NY 11973, USA


Institute de Physique Theorique Chemin du Cyclotron, 2 1348 LOUVAIN-LA-NUEVE, Belgium


Physics Department University of California LOS ANGELES, CA 90024, USA

Physics Department The University SOUTHAMPTON SOl 2PW, UK

265

Yigal SHAMIR

Alfred SHAPERE

Paul N. SHOTTON

George SNOW

Luca STANCO

Urban STUDER

BoSUNDBORG

Joseph TARON

Peter VAN NIEUWENHUIZEN

Peter VECSERNYES

Raul VIOLLIER

Stephen WEBB

266

School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University RAMAT -AVIV, TEL AVIV, Israel

Institute of Theoretical Physics University of California SANTA BARBARA, CA 93106, USA


Dip. di Fisica dell'Universita Via Irnerio, 46 40126, BOLOGNA, Italy


Institut fiir Hochenergiephysik ETH Honggerberg 9093 ZURICH, Switzerland

Institute of Theoretical Physics Chalmers Tekniska Hogskola 412 96 GOTEBORG, Sweden

Departament de Fisica Teorica Universidad de Barcelona BARCELONA 08028, Spain

Department of Physics State University of New York

. Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA

Central Research Institute for Physics P.O. Box 49 1525 BUDAPEST, Hungary

Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics University of Cape Town RONDEBOSCH 7700, South Africa

The University Depru-tment of Theoretical Physics The Schuster Laboratory MANCHESTER M13 9PL, UK

Guy WORMSER

Shew-Ching YEH

Ming YU

Peter ZIMAK

Universite Paris Sud Laboratoire de l' Accelerateur Lineaire Centre d'Orsay 91405 ORSAY CEDEX, France


Niels Bohr Institute Blegdamsvej 17 2100 COPENHAGEN, Denmark

Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics University of Cape Town RONDEBOSCH 7700, South Africa

267

INDEX

Abelian differentials. 109 Anholonomy coefficients'

superconformal gauge. 21 Anti-de Sitter algebra. 6 Anti-de Sitter vacua. 75 Anti-Majorana spinor. 48 Anticommutator. superconformal

gauge. 17 Antisymmetric tensor. B~v. 207 Arakelov metric. 109. 110. 112 Atiyah-Singer index theorem

interpretation. 118-119 invariant. 104. 105 local anomalies. 101

Axion-like fields. 229

Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula. 7 Baryon number. violating processes.

177-180 Baryons. Geller bubbles. 254 Bianchi identities

Chern-Simons supermultiplet. 59 constraints. 13 solution. 18-19 spinor-spinor sector. 18 supercurvatures and supertorsions.

9 vector-vector sector. 18-19

Black holes classical string theory. 89 and photons. 254

B~v potential. Calibi-Yau compactifications. 228

Bose symmetry. symmetrized trace Str. 99-100

Bosonic coordinates. 2 Bosonic string

action. 80 G~v. 208-209 tachyonic ground state. 92-93

Bosonization. partition function. 108-113

Bosons gauge.

heterotic superstrings. 82 zero momentum. 90

Goldstone bosons. R-invariance. 172-173

Higgs bosons. 85. 135. 247 masses. Englert-Kibble mechanism.

133

Bosons (continued) unification in supersymmetric

theories. 133-138 BRS symmetry. 48 BRST operator Q. 87

Cabibbo suppression. 201 Calibi-Yau compactifications

B~v potential. 228 on orbifolds. 215 SU(3) gauge group. 57. 62

Calibi-Yau manifolds 10-D compactification. 84-85 10-D supergravity. 95 two-dimensional supergravity. 95

Calibi-Yau theorem. Kahler metric. ·210

Cauchy-Riemann operator. 108. 124 CERN Collider. 249 Charge conjugation matrices. 4 Cherenkov radiation. monopole

catalyzed proton decay. 200-201

Chern-Simons 5-form. 118 Chern-Simons form Q. 103. 104 Chern-Simons supermultiplet. Bianchi

identities. 59 Chern-Simons terms

11 dimensions. 43 compactification. 74 weak coupling. 207

Chiral two-dimensional superspaces. 21-23

Classical solutions. string theory. 208-217

Clifford algebra. 4 Collapsing mass. dilaton mode of the

string. 97 Commutator/anticommutator. 3 Conformal supergravity. string

theory. 39-40 Constraints

conventional two-dimensional. 21-23

nonconformal. 21 as relations. covariant

derivatives. 2-D superspace. 13-14

representation preserving. 21 Coset manifolds

covariant derivatives. defined. 8 curved and flat indices. 7

269

Coset manifolds (continued) G/H. 9

and relativity. 43 H-connection. defined. 6-7 Lorentz algebra. 6-8 rigid. geometry. 16 rigid vielbein. Weyl rescaling.

16. 34 super Poincar~ algebra. 3-6

Cosmological constant and dilaton effective potential.

220-221 zero in 11 dimensions. 42-43

Coupling constant. Lagrangian. 207 Covariant derivatives. constraints

as relations. 2-D superspace. 13-14

CP violation. grand unified theory models. 199

Dehn twists. Riemann surface. 125 Dilaton

defined. 79 effective potential. and

cosmological constant. 220-221

equation of motion. 75. 91 Lagrangian mode. 207 vacuum expectation value. 207

Dilaton field. 79. 88 Dilaton mode of the string.

collapsing mass. 97 Dilaton potential. gluino

condensatation. 221 Dilaton superpartner. 228 Dilaton tadpole. 126 Dirac bar. defined. 36 Dirac fermions. 3 Of SU(3). 120 Dirac genus of the manifold. 102 Dirac masses. obtaining neutrino

masses. 219 Dirac matrices. 4 Dirac operator

function of gauge field A. 117. 118

index. 102 massless chiral fermions. 84-85 positive and negative eigenvalues.

121 Dirac winos. 140

Ee. unbroken. heterotic string. 226 Einstein theory of gravitation. 53 Einstein-Hilbert action. 26

two-dimensional spacetime. 3 Einsteinian relativity.

singularities. 89. 96-97 Electroweak theory. 247

see also Weak coupling Eleven-dimensional supergravity.

compactification. 75 Eloisatron. 249-250 Eotvos experiment. 253 Euler number. 213 Experiment. and theory. 232. 235-238

Fadeev-Popov determinant. 49

270

Fermi-Bose symmetry commutator. translation. 47 superstring theory. 49

Fermi-fermi anticommutators. 5 Fermionic coordinates. Grassmann

variables. 2 Fermionic Fock vacuum. Gauss Law.

104 Fermions

4-D representation of SU(4). 64 fermion triangle diagram. axial

current. 100 Green-Schwarz fermions. 217 Higgs fermions. 194-195 massless chiral fermions. 84-85 minimal standard theory. 248

Fifth force. 253 Flavor-changing neutral currents.

232 Flux breaking loops. degenerate

vacua. 228 Fock space states. 119 Four-dimensional representation

preserving constraints. 21 Four-dimensional supergravities from

superstrings introduction. 53-54 dimensional reduction. 54-58 discussion. 72-75 effective Lagrangians. 62-68 string symmetries and higher order

corrections. 58-61 Four-dimensional supersymmetric

Yang-Mills theory. 11 Fredholm operator. determinant. 124

G/H manifolds. 43 Gauge boson / Higgs boson

unification. 133-138 Gauge completion program. 24-26 Gauge group. minimal standard

theory. 248 Gauge particle. proton decay. 240 Gauginos. 131 Gauginos-Higgsinos. 186 Gauss' Law

fermionic Fock vacuum. 104 Hamiltonian statement. 119

Gauss-Bonnet theorem. 75 Geller bubbles. universe. 253-254 Georgi. Quinn and Weinberg

calculation. unification scale. 217-219

Gibbons-Friedman-West theorem. 74 Glueballs

decay. 225 heavy. 85

Gluino condensate dilaton potential. 221. 228 supersymmetry breaking. 85. 95 vacuum energy. 228

Gluinos masses. bounds. 171 spin-O. 148-149

Gluons photons and partners. N=2

supersymmetry. 159

Gluons (continued) spin 1/2 partners. 132

Goldstino multiplet. 72 spinl/2. 141

Goldstone bosons. R-invariance. 172-173

Grand unified theory models. CP violation. 199 predictions. 234 SU(5). number of fermions. 100

Grassmann variables. fermionic coordinates. 2

Graviphoton. representation of SO(6). 64

Gravitino arbitrary non-zero mass. 72 decay from glueballs. 225 gauge fixing term. 49 mass. 171-172 N=l supersymmetry. 211 very light. 154-156

Graviton closed string. 78 gjJv' 207

Green-Schwarz fermions. 217 Green-Schwarz mechanism. 59 Green's functions. 110 Grothandieck-Riemann-Roch theorem.

124 Group manifolds

and relativity. 43 two geometrical fields. 43

H-connection defined. 6-7 local. 9

Hamiltonian coefficients. lepton number violating processes. 201

Hamiltonian interpretation of anomalies. 104

Heterotic strings compactifications. 210 Ee X Ee. 206 extra Ee. 225 unbroken Ee. 226 see also Heterotic superstrings

Heterotic superstrings introductiion. 77-78 consistent string theories.

closed. 79-80 open. 80

correct vacuum problem. 88 discussions. 90-93. 94-97 energy above the Planck mass

scale. 89 the heterotic string. 80-83 number of theories. 87 prediction. 89 string phenomenology. 83-85 string technology. 87 string theories. 78-79. 85-87 recent progress. 85-89

Higgs bosons detection. 247 massive gauge superfields. 135

Higgs bosons (continued) Wilson loops. 85

Higgs doublets. 213-214 Higgs exchange. 184 Higgs fermions. heavy color triplet.

194-195 Higgs fields

N=l supersymmetry. 175 superfields. 138-139

Higgs mechanism. supersymmetric theories. 134-135

Higgs multiplet. compactification on Calibi- Yau manifolds. 199

Higgsinos. 131 High energy physics. above Planck

mass scale. 89 Hilbert space. 119 't Hooft anomaly. 104. 126 Hubble-bubble. 253-254

Inos and sparticles abstract. 129-130 discussion. 170-175 experimental searches. 145-156 N=l supersymmetric theories of

particles. 130-145 N=2 supersymmetric grand-unified

theories and extra space dimensions. 156-167

Instantons nonperturbative physics. 88 partition function. 111 section. 111 and superpotential. 215

Integration-by-parts theorem. 27-28

Kahler and hyperKahler models. 41 Kahler manifold

equations. 65. 66-67 Kahler potential. 56 Ricci flat metric. 84

Kahler metric. Calibi-Yau theorem. 210

Kahler potential equation. 66 Kahler metric. 210 standard supergravity. 61

Kahler symmetry. 60. 74 Kaluza-Klein compactification

consistent string theories. 80. 82 extra time dimension. 92 radius. pOint-field limit. 62

Kaluza-Klein manifold theory. 96 Kendrew committee. 249

Lagrangian 4-D supergravities from

superstrings. 62-68 general structure. 54-58

coupling constant. 207 cutoff order M3 • 207-208 effective. Type II superstring. 88 Einsteinian. 83. 88 no-scale structure. 55 scalar analytic function. 73 string symmetries. 58-61

Lattice vectors. torus. 216

271

Leptons chiral superfields. 144 number.

Hamiltonian coefficients. 201 violating processes. 180

spin-1. 131 spin-O. pair production in e+e

annihilations. 146-148 superpartners. 132

Light cone gauge Minkowski space-time. 90 string field theory. 86. 90

Light-cone coordinates for vectors. 5

Liouville mode. 46 Lorentz algebra. 6-8 Lorentz anomalies. quantum field

theory. 104 Lorentz generator J. 3. 7 Lorentz generators. 43 Lorentz properties. tensors. 6 Lorentz scalars. dimension 1. 27. 29 Low energy phenomenology

Georgi. Quinn and Weinberg calculation. 217-220

proton decay. 218

Magnetic monopole catalyzed proton decay. 200-201

Majorana conjugate. 4 Majorana spin 1/2 operator Q. 130 Majorana spinors. 4 Majorana zinos. 140 Majorana-Weyl fermionic coordinates.

81 Massive gauge superfields. Higgs

bosons. 135 Milky Way. 252 Minkowski index ~. 211 Minkowski metric. 80 Minkowski space-time

10-D. 50. 83. 96 light cone formulation. 90

Monopole catalyzed proton decay. 200-201

N=l supergravity 4-D. Lagrangian. 214 eleven plus dimensions. 51 Lagrangian.

higher derivatives. 73 superconformal formulation. 58

obtained by Z2 truncation. 63 superconformal tensor calculus

formulation. 59 N=l supersymmetry

breaking. Es gauge group. 85 gauge boson 1 Higgs boson

unification. 133-138 gravitino. 211 Higgs fields. 175 low energies. 94 minimal particle content (table).

142 phenomenology. 170 R-symmetry and the interactions of

the new particles. 143-145

272

N=1 supersymmetry (continued) superpartners. 131-132 supersymmetric standard model.

138-143 vacua. 217-220 Yukawa coupling constants. 173

N=2 supergravity. intermediate. 56 N=2 supersymmetry. 156-159

arbitrary parameters. 175 GUT minimal particle content. 162 GUTs 6-D space-time. 163-167 GUTs. forbidden couplings. 164 proton stability. 163 realism. 173 sequential breaking. 172 standard model. 160-162 theories. similarity to N=l

theories. 170 N=4. 4-D supergravity theory. 55 N=4

4-D superstrings. construction of N=2 models. 63 low-energy limit. 62

N=4 supergravity Lagrangian. Yang-Mills matter

multiplets. 62 -minimal model'. 63-64

N=8 supergravity. 4-D model. 46 Nambu action. space-time. 92 Narain compactifications. 62. 63 Negative dimensions. 47 Neutralino exchange. suppression.

192 Neutrino

flavors in e+e-. 174 and Geller bubbles. 254 masses. obtaining Dirac masses.

219 minimal standard theory. 248 solar neutrino spectrum. 252-253

Neveu-Schwarz-Ramond (NSR) formulation. superstring. 106

New particles spin-O leptons and photinos.

146-148 spin-O quarks and gluinos. 148-149 a very light gravitino. 154-156 winos and zinos. 149-154

Nucleon decay branching ratios. 191 catastrophic rates. 180 dimension 5 operators. 184-185 dimension 6 operators. 183 dominant modes. 192 family reflection symmetry. 180-

181 four fermi operators. 187-190 gauge exchange. 184 Higgs exchange. 184 see also Proton decay

Operators. defining determinants. 123

Orbifold-type twists. 126 Orbifolds

compactifications. 215

Orbifolds (continued) defined. 94 string solutions. 88 vertex operators. 226 Yukawa coupling as an integral of

a fermion. 226

P-gauge transformation. Yang-Mills transformation. 43

Palatini formalism general relativity. 8 torsion constraints. 41

Pauli matrices. 4 Peccei-Quinn symmetry. 219 Photinic neutrino see Photinos Photinos

missing momentum. 149 pair production in e+e

annihilations. 147 reinteraction cross-section. 148 spin-O. 146-148

Photons gluons and partners. N=2

supersymmetry. 159 mass. 254 spin-I. superpartners. 131

Poincar~ supergravity. 39 Point-field limit. Kaluza-Klein

compactification radius. 62 Point-field supergravity theory.

trivial compactification. 62 Polyakov measure. 108 Polyakov program. 209 Pomeron see Graviton pp colliders. 149 Proton

lifetime. 225. 239-240 prediction. 200

Proton decay introduction. 177 dimension 5 operators. 184-185.

201 dimension 6 operators. 201-202 discussion. 199-203 gauge exchange. 184 gauge particle. 240 general analysis. 177-182 Higgs exchange. 184 low energy phenomenology. 218 low energy theory. 186 magnetic monopole catalyzed.

200-201 minimal SUs supersymmetry GUT. 182 nucleon decay. 183. 187-195 SUs breaking. 182-183 see also Nucleon decay

Quantum chromodynamics (QeD) anomalies. 126 theory. 243-245. 247

Quantum field theory discussions. 117-122. 123-127 global anomalies. 105-107 local anomalies. 99-105 Lorentz anomalies. 104 topological methods in string

perturbation theory. 108-113

Quantum gravity. non-supersymmetry. 47

Quantum number. multiplicatively conserved. 144

Quarks spin-I. 131 spin-O. 148-149 superpartners. 132

R-parity breaking. problems. 174 multiplicatively conserved quantum

number. 144-145 R-symmetry. interactions of the new

particles. 143-145 Rarita-Schwinger equation. 212 Relativity

Palatini formalism. 8 and supergravity. 43

Ricci flat metric. Kahler manifolds. 84

Ricci tensor. vanishing. 210-211 Riemann surface

Dehn twists. 125 diffeomorphisms. 106-109 superconformal theories. 39 9-function. 112

Riemann tensor. 88. 89 Riemann-Roch theorem. 109

Scherk-Schwarz mechanism. 68 Schwinger term. infinitesimal gauge

transformations. 104 Selburg trace formula. 109 Singularities. Einsteinian

relativity. 96-97 Sleptons

defined. 132 mass limits. 173 mass matrix. 187 mass terms. 227

Solar neutrino spectrum. 252-253 Space-time

Nambu action. 92 time dimensions. 92

Sparticles see Inos and sparticles Spin connection. field equation. 11 Squarks

defined. 132 mass matrix. 187 mass terms. 227

Strangeness-changing neutral currents. 219-220

String perturbation theory discussions. 117-122. 123-127 higher genus surfaces. 215 topological methods. 108-113

String theory 10-D. 45 2-D theory. 216-217 alternatives. 239 classical solutions. 208-217 conformal supergravity. 40 low energy. 232 multiloop amplitudes. 45-46 non-covariant actions. 40 renormalization theorems. 215

273

String theory (continued) spins greater than two. 44 superViraso constraints. 31 unstable. 47 vacua with supersymmetry breaking

at tree level. 220 see also Heterotic superstrings

SUs supersymmetry. SUs breaking. 182-183

Sun. solar neutrino spectrum. 252-253

Super anti-de Sitter algebra. 6 Super Poincar~ algebra. 3-6 Superconformal gauge

'anholonomy coefficients'. 21 anticommutator. 17 appendix. 37-38 defined. 15-16 gauge completion program. 24-26 two-dimensional superspace. 16-17

Superconnection. local tangent transformations. 2

Supercurvatures dimensions. 26 local. covariant derivatives. 9

Superfields constraints. 11. 16 coset manifolds. 6

Supergravity II-dimensional. 42-43 conformal. 39-40 energy and charge. first-class

constraints. 45 finiteness. 42 one-loop and two-loop finiteness.

75 perturbatively non-renormalizable.

74-75 spins greater than two. 44 ten-dimensional. 45 two loop. three loop. 42 x-space formulation. 11 zero vacuum energy. 71 see also Two-dimensional> Four

dimensional and Tendimensional supergravities

Superindices. contraction. 3 SuperJacobi identities. 6 Superpartners. 131-132

see also Inos and spartic1es Superspace

first-order formalism. 13 second-order formalism. 12

Superstring. NSR formulation. 106 Superstring phenomenology

abstract. 205 introduction and outline. 205-206 classical solutions of string

theory. 208-217 cosmological constant. 220-221 couplings and scales. 207-208 discussion. 225-229 low energy phenomenology. 217-220 supersymm~try breaking. 220-221

Superstring theory hierarchy problem. 94 low energy. 232

274

Superstring theory (continued) point-field limit. Einstein theory

of gravitation. 53 weak coupling. 206 Yang-Mills fields. 45 Yang-Mills groups. possible

models. 53 see also Heterotic superstrings

Super symmetries dimension 4 operators. 178 extended. two-dimensional models.

40-41 heterotic models which treat left

and right movers separately. 41

hierarchy problem. 49 low energy. 240 N=l coupled to supergravity.

in superspace. 40 in x-space. 40

N=2 coupled to supergravity. 41 N=4 coupled to supergravity. 41 N=4 with Wess-Zumino term coupled

to supergravity. 41 nucleon decay. 183. 187-195 rigid N=l with Wess-Zumino term.

coupled to supergravity. 40 parallelizing torsion. 40

rigid N=2 and N=4 with Wess-Zumino term. 41

standard model. 138-143 theories. properties. 132 vacuum degeneracy. 203 see also R-symmetry

Supersymmetry breaking gluino condensate. 95. 225 gravity-induced. 143 nonperturbative. 245 superstring phenomenology. 220-221 unbroken to broken theory. 226-227

Supertorsions dimensions. 26 local. covariant derivatives. 9

Supervielbein choice of constraints. 8 curved and flat indices. 7 defined. 2 evaluation. covariant derivatives.

16 general. 15 inverse. defined. 6 superconformal gauge. 15-16 transformation. 2-3 unconstrained. 22 Weyl rescaling. 34 see also Vielbein

SuperViraso constraints string theory. 31 a-expansion. 36

Superworld discussion. 231-246 the end of the Superworld. 247-254

SUSY see Supersymmetry Symmetrized trace Str. Bose

symmetry. 99-100

a-expansion. superViraso constraints. 36

Tachyonic ground state. bosonic string. 92-93

Tadpoles defined. 209 light field. 214

Ten-dimensional string theory. 207 Ten-dimensional super gravity

Calibau-Yau manifolds. 95 compactification. 75 Lagrangian. 72 Minkowski space. 50 and Yang-Mills matter. 62

Tensors antisymmetric. B~v. 207 dimension. 0 12 dimension 1/2. 12 Lorentz properties. 6 Lorentz-invariant dimensionless.

12 Tevatron collider. 249-250 Theory. and experiment. 232. 235-238 Torsion constraints

twistors. 41 two-dimensional supergravity. 39

Torus compactification. 55 lattice vectors. 216 Z orbifold. 216

Twistors. torsion constraints. 41 Two-dimensional supergravity.

torsion constraints. 39 Two-dimensional superspace

constraints. 21-23 2-D (conventional). 21-23 general solution. 19-21 local. 10-13 relations between covariant

derivatives. 14-15 Weyl invariant. 22

coset manifolds. 3 discussion. 39-44. 45-51 dynamics. 26-32 field equations and Virasoro

constraints in x-space. 34-36

gauge completion. 24-26 introduction. 2-3 local.

constraints. 10-13 geometry. 8-10 Weyl invariance. 32-34

rigid. geometry. 6-8 solution of the Bianchi

identities. 18-19 super Poincar~ algebra. 3-6 superconformal gauge. 16-17

Unification scale. Georgi. Quinn and Weinberg calculation. 217-219

Universe. Geller bubbles. 253-254

Vacuum degeneracy. supersymmetry theories. 203

Van der Waerden formalism. two-dimensional. 5

Veneziano model. 80 Vertex operators. 209 Vielbein

fermionic. 20 x-space. conformal gauge. 16 see also Supervielbein

Virasoro constraints in x-space. 34-36

Weak coupling. string theory. 206 Wess-Zumino multiplets

scalar fields sand r. 71 two classes. 73

Wess-Zumino term coupled to supergravity. models.

40-41 effective Lagrangian. 126 scalar fields. 120-121

Weyl fermions Euclidean space. 101-102 Hamiltonian interpretation of

anomalies. 104 Weyl field strength multiplets. 59 Weyl invariance. local. 32-34 Weyl spinor. 6-D. 163 Weyl weights. 59 Wilson line U. 213. 216 Wilson loops. Higgs bosons. 85 Winos

possible decay modes. 153 and zinos. 131. 149-154

X-space. auxiliary fields. 50 X-space theory

gauge completion program. 25 geometric dimension. 12 supergravity. vielbein. 11

Xinos. Dirac. 162

Yang-Mills field strength 6-D space. 210 multiplets. 59. 61 superstring theory. 45

Yang-Mills gauge bosons. 78 Yang-Mills matter multiplets. N=4

super gravity Lagrangian. 62 Yang-Mills theory. 4-D

supersymmetric. 11 Yang-Mills transformation. P-gauge

transformation. 43 Yinos. Dirac. 162 Yukawa couplings. E6 non-singlet

fields. 213-215

Z multiplets. 138 Z orbifolds. 215-216 Zinos. and winos. 149-154

275

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