Climate Change Vulnerability, Hazards & RiskAssessment and Adaptation Projects for

Kullu District

Climate Change Vulnerability, Hazards & RiskAssessment and Adaptation Projects for

Kullu District

Dr. Mustafa Ali KhanTeam Leader, IHCAP

IHCAP: Supporting Country System

• Anchored under framework agreement on technical andscientific cooperation, 2003 between the Government ofSwitzerland and the Government of India

• IHCAP functions as a “technical and knowledge partner” forimplementation of the National Mission for Sustaining theHimalayan Ecosystem (NMSHE)

• IHCAP Goal: “resilience of vulnerable communities in theHimalayas is strengthened and knowledge and capacities ofresearch institutions, communities and decision-makers areconnected and enhanced”

• IHCAP Phase 1 (2012-15); Phase 2 (2016-19)

• Anchored under framework agreement on technical andscientific cooperation, 2003 between the Government ofSwitzerland and the Government of India

• IHCAP functions as a “technical and knowledge partner” forimplementation of the National Mission for Sustaining theHimalayan Ecosystem (NMSHE)

• IHCAP Goal: “resilience of vulnerable communities in theHimalayas is strengthened and knowledge and capacities ofresearch institutions, communities and decision-makers areconnected and enhanced”

• IHCAP Phase 1 (2012-15); Phase 2 (2016-19)

COLLABORATION WITH GOVERNMENT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH

• Since 2012, SDC and Department of Environment, Science andTechnology (DEST) are cooperating under Indian Himalayas ClimateAdaptation Programme (IHCAP)

• Focus areas:– Capacity Building and Training Programme on Climate Change Adaptation

Planning and Implementation for State Government officials– Technical Assistance for development of an adaptation project on climate

smart agriculture under National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change– Indo-Swiss Collaborative Research on Integrated Vulnerability, Risks and

Hazard Assessment in Kullu district– Design of adaptation measures for Kullu district

• Since 2012, SDC and Department of Environment, Science andTechnology (DEST) are cooperating under Indian Himalayas ClimateAdaptation Programme (IHCAP)

• Focus areas:– Capacity Building and Training Programme on Climate Change Adaptation

Planning and Implementation for State Government officials– Technical Assistance for development of an adaptation project on climate

smart agriculture under National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change– Indo-Swiss Collaborative Research on Integrated Vulnerability, Risks and

Hazard Assessment in Kullu district– Design of adaptation measures for Kullu district

ACTIVITIES IN HIMACHAL PRADESH (2016-2019)

2016• Submission of detailed project on three priority adaptation

measures to the State government: November 2016

Planned Activities (2017-19)• Training programme on climate change adaptation planning and

implementation: 2017-19– Opportunity to integrate modules on DRR

• Common framework for Vulnerability, Risks and HazardAssessment (being developed by IISc) and training to StateClimate Change Cells/Centre: 2017-18

• Media awareness workshop: 2018• Multi Stakeholder Science Policy Practice Forum

2016• Submission of detailed project on three priority adaptation

measures to the State government: November 2016

Planned Activities (2017-19)• Training programme on climate change adaptation planning and

implementation: 2017-19– Opportunity to integrate modules on DRR

• Common framework for Vulnerability, Risks and HazardAssessment (being developed by IISc) and training to StateClimate Change Cells/Centre: 2017-18

• Media awareness workshop: 2018• Multi Stakeholder Science Policy Practice Forum

Demonstrating Evidence Based Adaptation Actions in Kullu

Stage 1: Scoping to review baseline information, to identify vulnerableregions in Kullu districts (2012-13)

Stage 2: Development of framework for the Collaborative Research(2013-14)

Stage 2: Development of framework for the Collaborative Research(2013-14)

Stage 3: Integrated Vulnerability & Risks and Hazards Assessment in Kulludistrict (2014-15)

Stage 4: Identification of Adaptation options and development ofproposals for their implementation (2016)

Process for Identifying AdaptationProjects in Kullu

Multi CriteriaAnalysis usedwith multiplestakeholders ina consultativeapproach forprioritizing 3AdaptationConceptsMeeting in Aug2016 at Shimlawith key linedepartments

DetailedProposals for3 AdaptationProjectsdraftedShared withKullu districtand HP Statestakeholdersat Shimla on17 and 21November2016respectively

Indo SwissCollaborativeResearch inKullu providedthe scientificbasis

Consultationsheld withcommunity,officials ofvariousdepartments,academiciansand researchersand civil societyorganizations

Identified abroad set of 9adaptationconcepts

Multi CriteriaAnalysis usedwith multiplestakeholders ina consultativeapproach forprioritizing 3AdaptationConceptsMeeting in Aug2016 at Shimlawith key linedepartments

DetailedProposals for3 AdaptationProjectsdraftedShared withKullu districtand HP Statestakeholdersat Shimla on17 and 21November2016respectively

Workshop held in Kullu for sharing the resultsof Assessment in Phase 1 and for prioritizationof adaptation options (May 2016)

Consultation workshop organized on 21November 2016 at Shimla to finalizeDPRs

Consultations held with communities in GHNP (May 2016)

PRIORITIZED ADAPTATION OPTIONS

Reducing Flood Risk in Parvati Valley of Kullu district,Himachal Pradesh

Promoting Climate Resilient Agri-Horticulture in Banjar,Kullu district, Himachal Pradesh

Ecosystem Based Adaptation in the Great HimalayanNational Park, Kullu district, Himachal Pradesh

Reducing Flood Risk in Parvati Valley of Kullu district,Himachal Pradesh

Promoting Climate Resilient Agri-Horticulture in Banjar,Kullu district, Himachal Pradesh

Ecosystem Based Adaptation in the Great HimalayanNational Park, Kullu district, Himachal Pradesh

Climate Vulnerability,Hazards and Risk

Kullu District

Overview and Key Findings

Climate Vulnerability,Hazards and Risk

Kullu District

Overview and Key Findings

Indo-Swiss Collaborative Research in Kullu

• Framework for Integrated Vulnerability andRisks Assessment developed

• Joint research work (India and Switzerland) onvulnerability, risks and hazards assessment inKullu district in partnership with DEST,Government of Himachal Pradesh– 40 contributing authors from 15 Indian and

Swiss institutions involved in the study– More than 10 studies on baseline and sectoral

assessments undertaken– More than 25 publications in scientific journals ,

national and international conferences• Result of joint research in Kullu district; common

framework will enable planning and implementationof adaptation actions at the state level

• Framework for Integrated Vulnerability andRisks Assessment developed

• Joint research work (India and Switzerland) onvulnerability, risks and hazards assessment inKullu district in partnership with DEST,Government of Himachal Pradesh– 40 contributing authors from 15 Indian and

Swiss institutions involved in the study– More than 10 studies on baseline and sectoral

assessments undertaken– More than 25 publications in scientific journals ,

national and international conferences• Result of joint research in Kullu district; common

framework will enable planning and implementationof adaptation actions at the state level

One of the first studies to be based on the AR5 framework for assessing climate riskOne of the most detailed study on Permafrost done in the IHR

VULNERABILITY & RISK FRAMEWORKIntegrated risk framework based on IPCC AR5 2014

Climate related risk results from a physical event (hazard) intercepting withan exposed and vulnerable system (eg, community or ecosystem)

This risk assessment based approach was adopted for understanding climate vulnerability andclimate induced hazards & risks for adaptation planning in Kullu District

Studies in Kullu: Framework Application

Swiss partner Indian partner framework component1.a) Meteodat HP SCST&E climate changeb) UGE BSIP climate changec) Meteodat/UFR/UZH climate change2.a) UFR HP SCST&E climate changeb) UGE/UZH HP SCST&E climate changec) UZH/UFR HP SCST&E climate changed) UZH HP SCST&E climate change3.

Various GPIHED all componentsGLOFs UZH/UFR HP SCST&E hazard and exposureFlood potential UBE HP SCST&E hazardExtreme flood risk UBE BSIP all components (case studies)Snow avalanches (Dhundi) UBE BSIP hazard

Various CSK Palampur vulnerability and exposureVarious GBPIHED vulnerability and exposureVarious Doon Univ. vulnerability and exposure

Scal

ar

IHR / State level--> to village level

Village level / local

Sect

oral Agri-Horticulture

Forest/BiodiversityTourism

Community Perception

Study

meteo-based baseline reconstructionproxy-based reconstructionmodelling-based future assessments

Atmosphere/climate baseline data

Cryosphere baseline data

Vulnerability and Hazard and Risk Assessment

glaciers

permafrostsnow

lakes

Swiss partner Indian partner framework component1.a) Meteodat HP SCST&E climate changeb) UGE BSIP climate changec) Meteodat/UFR/UZH climate change2.a) UFR HP SCST&E climate changeb) UGE/UZH HP SCST&E climate changec) UZH/UFR HP SCST&E climate changed) UZH HP SCST&E climate change3.

Various GPIHED all componentsGLOFs UZH/UFR HP SCST&E hazard and exposureFlood potential UBE HP SCST&E hazardExtreme flood risk UBE BSIP all components (case studies)Snow avalanches (Dhundi) UBE BSIP hazard

Various CSK Palampur vulnerability and exposureVarious GBPIHED vulnerability and exposureVarious Doon Univ. vulnerability and exposure

Scal

ar

IHR / State level--> to village level

Village level / local

Sect

oral Agri-Horticulture

Forest/BiodiversityTourism

Community Perception

Study

meteo-based baseline reconstructionproxy-based reconstructionmodelling-based future assessments

Atmosphere/climate baseline data

Cryosphere baseline data

Vulnerability and Hazard and Risk Assessment

glaciers

permafrostsnow

lakes

Key assessment findings

Atmospheric Baseline• Local climate assessment (1981 – 2010) demonstrates increase

in mean annual air temperatures across all elevation levels• Increasing trend for spring temperatures of about 1°C over 30

years, stronger at higher elevations

Cryospheric Baseline• Fragmentation of glaciers observed. A total of 236 glaciers were

mapped in 2002 (total area of 529 km2), whereas the sameglaciers when mapped in 2006 have fragmented to become 242individual glacier entities (total area of 489 km2)

• Assessment from 2002 and 2013 reveals an area loss of about 9km² (~1.5%) and an increase in mean elevation of about 30 m

Atmospheric Baseline• Local climate assessment (1981 – 2010) demonstrates increase

in mean annual air temperatures across all elevation levels• Increasing trend for spring temperatures of about 1°C over 30

years, stronger at higher elevations

Cryospheric Baseline• Fragmentation of glaciers observed. A total of 236 glaciers were

mapped in 2002 (total area of 529 km2), whereas the sameglaciers when mapped in 2006 have fragmented to become 242individual glacier entities (total area of 489 km2)

• Assessment from 2002 and 2013 reveals an area loss of about 9km² (~1.5%) and an increase in mean elevation of about 30 m

Key assessment findingsKey assessment findingsFlood hazards at Kullu district

(left) Most affected districts in Himachal Pradesh according to recorded flood events.(right) Triggers of recorded floods over the time period 1950 to 2014.

Flood hazards at Kullu district

• Improved long-term process understanding and observe a positive trend• More reliable regional flood frequency and estimate uncertainties

Key assessment findingsKey assessment findings

Key assessment findingsKey assessment findings• We assess the elements-at-risk and provide a database with key hydro-info

Flood hazard levels at Kullu district (left) and details of element-at-risk analysesat Parvati valley (right)

Key assessment findingsGlacial lake outburst floods• The GLOF hazard will increase across all Tehsils, a notable GLOF “hot-spot” will

emerge in Kullu - > Parvati valley.• We can demonstrate an increased threat to habitations, roads, and agricultural land.

Key assessment findingsVulnerability of the biodiversity sector• Forest ecosystems provide wide-ranging

economic and cultural services for localpeople.

• In the Parvati valley, 5 species were classedas Critically Endangered; 11 Endangered, 90Vulnerable and 188 Near Threatened.Continued anthropogenic pressures andchanging environmental conditions may leadto species extinction in the near future.

• The altitudinal shift in several species, andchanging composition and structure of theforest communities has been observed.Particularly sub-alpine and alpine vegetationare considered most sensitive to climatechange.

• The forest communities near to habitationswere more vulnerable than the communitiesdistant from the habitations due to thedependence of the communities on forestsfor their sustenance in various ways.

Vulnerability of the biodiversity sector• Forest ecosystems provide wide-ranging

economic and cultural services for localpeople.

• In the Parvati valley, 5 species were classedas Critically Endangered; 11 Endangered, 90Vulnerable and 188 Near Threatened.Continued anthropogenic pressures andchanging environmental conditions may leadto species extinction in the near future.

• The altitudinal shift in several species, andchanging composition and structure of theforest communities has been observed.Particularly sub-alpine and alpine vegetationare considered most sensitive to climatechange.

• The forest communities near to habitationswere more vulnerable than the communitiesdistant from the habitations due to thedependence of the communities on forestsfor their sustenance in various ways.

Key assessment findingsVulnerability of the agriculture sector• Perceived climate impacts across the blocks of Kullu included: warmer and

prolonged summers, delayed onset and uneven distribution of SW monsoon,shorter and warmer winters, decreasing snowfall during winters.

• Diseases in agriculture/horticulture crops are reaching higher altitudes, wherethey were not earlier reported.

• Some adaptation measures are already occurring, eg, a shift of the fruit belt tohigher altitudes, a shift from vegetables like, tomato, cauliflower and cabbageto horticultural ‘cash’ crops.

Vulnerability of the agriculture sector• Perceived climate impacts across the blocks of Kullu included: warmer and

prolonged summers, delayed onset and uneven distribution of SW monsoon,shorter and warmer winters, decreasing snowfall during winters.

• Diseases in agriculture/horticulture crops are reaching higher altitudes, wherethey were not earlier reported.

• Some adaptation measures are already occurring, eg, a shift of the fruit belt tohigher altitudes, a shift from vegetables like, tomato, cauliflower and cabbageto horticultural ‘cash’ crops.

• Banjar was identified as a hot-spot ofagricultural vulnerability, based on bothquantitative assessment and farmersperceptions.

Climate Change Adaptation Projects forKullu District

Climate Change Adaptation Projects forKullu District

REDUCING FLOOD RISK IN PARVATI VALLEY OFKULLU DISTRICT, HIMACHAL PRADESH

Adaptation Project 1

Rationale• Considerable increase in the

formation of supra-glacial lakesdue to retreat of glaciers

• High risk of floods due to climatechange coupled with humaninduced activities

• Threat to the downstreaminhabited areas, roadinfrastructure, agricultural landand hydroelectric projects.

• Formal monitoring andevaluation system required

• Flood analyses has highlightedParvati valley as one of the mostvulnerable valleys in Kullu

12 1430 35 31

77

020406080

100

Tota

l No.

of L

akes

Years

Parvati Valley

Total no. of lakes Area (>10 hact.)

Number of glacial lakes mapped manually from satellitedata for Parvati Valley in Kullu district for the years1989, 2002, 2006, 2011, 2013, 2014

• Considerable increase in theformation of supra-glacial lakesdue to retreat of glaciers

• High risk of floods due to climatechange coupled with humaninduced activities

• Threat to the downstreaminhabited areas, roadinfrastructure, agricultural landand hydroelectric projects.

• Formal monitoring andevaluation system required

• Flood analyses has highlightedParvati valley as one of the mostvulnerable valleys in KulluFlood hazard levels at Kullu district (left) and details of

element-at-risk analyses at Parvati valley (right)

Number of glacial lakes mapped manually from satellitedata for Parvati Valley in Kullu district for the years1989, 2002, 2006, 2011, 2013, 2014

Adaptation concept for reducing Flood Risk throughMonitoring and Early Warning System in Parvati Valley

To assess long-term hydro-meteorologicalconditions for the entire Parvati Valley

To protect the identified “risk hotspots” alongthe valley

Long Term Catchment-Scale Monitoring

Annual to seasonal informationfrom remote sensing

To ensure long-term operability and maintenance, acceptance, andsuccess of the adaptation measures

Long Term Catchment-Scale Monitoring

Annual to seasonal informationfrom remote sensing

Components of Community Driven EWS

25

The schematic shows hydrological information of Parvati valley, highlighting the threecomponents of the EWS as well as including some basic information, such as the risk hotspotareas, the concentration time (h), catchment area (km2) and 100-return period floodmagnitude. Two of the components are around the warning of flash floods in small torrentcatchments above the villages of Shat (EWS 1) and Kasol (EWS 2). The third component (EWS3) is aimed at flood warnings along the main Parvati river channel.

Capacity building for EWS-Community Connect

• Existing post disaster Response andRecovery Centre of DistrictAdministration will be strengthened

• Formation of committees and identifyvolunteers whose phones will beregistered

• Training of community volunteeremergency responders to interpretwarning messages

• Message dissemination protocol(bells, mobile, word of mouth, media-channel, etc.) ensuring last mileconnectivity

• Prioritisation of assets(Human, livestock, infrastructure, essential supplies) and stock essential suppliesin each evacuation zone includingmedical supplies

• Identify safe evacuation routes• Location of the safe shelter – connection

to relief route to be pre-defined26

• Existing post disaster Response andRecovery Centre of DistrictAdministration will be strengthened

• Formation of committees and identifyvolunteers whose phones will beregistered

• Training of community volunteeremergency responders to interpretwarning messages

• Message dissemination protocol(bells, mobile, word of mouth, media-channel, etc.) ensuring last mileconnectivity

• Prioritisation of assets(Human, livestock, infrastructure, essential supplies) and stock essential suppliesin each evacuation zone includingmedical supplies

• Identify safe evacuation routes• Location of the safe shelter – connection

to relief route to be pre-defined

Local messaging protocols

Project Implementation Arrangement

State steeringcommittee

DEST NIE

University and RearchAgencies

IHCAP network

PIA - State Council forScience, Technology

&Environment

CB partner(outsourced)

M&E Agency PIA (IPH)Service Providers

(Development supportAgency for CB)

Service Providers (thirdparty M&E)

PROMOTING CLIMATE RESILIENT AGRI-HORTICULTURE IN BANJAR

Adaptation Project 2

Rationale• Indicator based VA conducted for Kullu shows

highest vulnerability for agriculture andhorticulture for Banjar block

• Banjar is a socio-economically a backward region inthe State

• Farmers experiencing climate change impacts– increase in summer temperature– delayed onset and uneven distribution of south-

west monsoon– increased incidence of hail– delayed onset of winter

• Diseases in agricultural/horticultural cropsreaching higher altitudes

• Shift of fruit belt to higher altitudes• Shift from old varieties of apple to new varieties

which show better results in lower altitudes

Rationale• Indicator based VA conducted for Kullu shows

highest vulnerability for agriculture andhorticulture for Banjar block

• Banjar is a socio-economically a backward region inthe State

• Farmers experiencing climate change impacts– increase in summer temperature– delayed onset and uneven distribution of south-

west monsoon– increased incidence of hail– delayed onset of winter

• Diseases in agricultural/horticultural cropsreaching higher altitudes

• Shift of fruit belt to higher altitudes• Shift from old varieties of apple to new varieties

which show better results in lower altitudes

Rationale: Climate Stress and Impact

Climate Stress

• Increase in spring temperaturein range of 1°C over the last 30years.

• The increase of springtemperature resulting to upwardshift of the snowline withrelated impacts onprecipitation, snow melt, glaciermass balance and lower chillinghours.

Impact

• Low chilling hours impactingyield and quality of appleproduction at low altitude

• Frequent pest incidence.• Increased variability in the

rainfall pattern leading toincreased demand forirrigation

• Increase in spring temperaturein range of 1°C over the last 30years.

• The increase of springtemperature resulting to upwardshift of the snowline withrelated impacts onprecipitation, snow melt, glaciermass balance and lower chillinghours.

• Low chilling hours impactingyield and quality of appleproduction at low altitude

• Frequent pest incidence.• Increased variability in the

rainfall pattern leading toincreased demand forirrigation

Future Climate Projection(Based on Himachal Pradesh State Action Plan on Climate Change)

• Temperature is projected to increase by 0.9±0.6°C to 2.6±0.7°C by2030s.

• The net increase in temperature ranges will be in the range of 1.7°Cto 2.2°C with respect to the 1970s.

The increase in temperature will further reduce the chilling hoursavailability

Increased temperature will increase the evapotranspiration rateand water requirement for cultivation

• Variability in the rainfall pattern and erratic rainfall pattern Further worsen the surface water and ground water availability due

to reduce percolation of water/ground water recharge Non timely availability of rainfall will impact the breeding

• Temperature is projected to increase by 0.9±0.6°C to 2.6±0.7°C by2030s.

• The net increase in temperature ranges will be in the range of 1.7°Cto 2.2°C with respect to the 1970s.

The increase in temperature will further reduce the chilling hoursavailability

Increased temperature will increase the evapotranspiration rateand water requirement for cultivation

• Variability in the rainfall pattern and erratic rainfall pattern Further worsen the surface water and ground water availability due

to reduce percolation of water/ground water recharge Non timely availability of rainfall will impact the breeding

Baseline Scenario andProblem Statement

• Current variety of apple plants hasa chilling hours of 1000-1200 hrs.

• The availability of chilling hoursbelow 1000 hrs is impacting appleproduction.

• Agriculture and horticulturepractice in the state is mostly rain-fed with lower availability of microirrigation facility

• Rainfall pattern has become moreerratic and intense

• Unavailability of infrastructure forprotecting fruit crops againstclimate extremes (hail netpenetration is less than 2%)

• Incidence of climate extremeevents have increased in therecent past

Intervention• Promotion of high density spur

and low chilling variety ofapple(600-800 hrs) and climateresilient pomegranate variety.

• Creation of controlledatmosphere storage unit forstorage of apple as temperaturevariation impacts quality.

• Creation of water source(poly/geo lined tank) and sourceto irrigation point linkage tofacilitate higher penetration ofirrigation facilities.

• Dissemination of hail netscoupled with pollinators colonyto the farmers.

• Current variety of apple plants hasa chilling hours of 1000-1200 hrs.

• The availability of chilling hoursbelow 1000 hrs is impacting appleproduction.

• Agriculture and horticulturepractice in the state is mostly rain-fed with lower availability of microirrigation facility

• Rainfall pattern has become moreerratic and intense

• Unavailability of infrastructure forprotecting fruit crops againstclimate extremes (hail netpenetration is less than 2%)

• Incidence of climate extremeevents have increased in therecent past

• Promotion of high density spurand low chilling variety ofapple(600-800 hrs) and climateresilient pomegranate variety.

• Creation of controlledatmosphere storage unit forstorage of apple as temperaturevariation impacts quality.

• Creation of water source(poly/geo lined tank) and sourceto irrigation point linkage tofacilitate higher penetration ofirrigation facilities.

• Dissemination of hail netscoupled with pollinators colonyto the farmers.

Proposed Interventions

Promote high density spur variety (low chilling) appleand pomegranate cultivation by providing suitableimported plant with chilling hours 600-800 hrs andfarmers training.

Provide anti-hail nets and creation of pollinatorscolony across the orchard for reduction of damageof fruits and enhance pollination

Provide anti-hail nets and creation of pollinatorscolony across the orchard for reduction of damageof fruits and enhance pollination

Facilitate micro irrigation in the high density orchard throughcreation of water source eg poly lined tanks and bore wells andestablish source to tank facilities

Proposed Interventions

Creation of small farm based cold storage unitsof 1-5 Mt capacity

Creation of packaging line and controlledatmosphere storage facilities

Creation of small farm based cold storage unitsof 1-5 Mt capacity

Creation of packaging line and controlledatmosphere storage facilities

Implementation Arrangement

State steeringcommittee and

District Horticulturedepartment

PIA (BlockHorticulture officer ) PIA (IPH)

Service Providers(Development

support Agency forCB)

Service Providers(third party M&E)

CC cell of DEST NIE

ECOSYSTEM BASED ADAPTATION IN THE GREATHIMALAYAN NATIONAL PARK, KULLU DISTRICT, HP

Adaptation project 3Photo credit: Dr. Kirupasankar, GHNP

GHNP Conservation AreaS. No. Name of PA Area (Sq. Km) Population/

Villages

1 National Park 754.4 0

2 Sainj WL Sanctuary 90.0 3 villages

Tirthan WL Sanctuary 61.03 Tirthan WL Sanctuary 61.0 0

4 Eco Zone 265.6 160 villages 2300house holds

Total 1171.0

37

GHNP is a high biodiversity region and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Rationale• Ecosystem Based Adaptation was identifiedas a key adaptation measure by theVulnerability, Hazards and Risk Assessment

• High degree of vulnerability for several plantspecies, changing pattern of the compositionand structure of forest communities observed

• By promoting medicinal plant cultivation andthus reducing dependence of thecommunities on forests, the resilience ofnatural ecosystems will be enhanced.Resilient forests will be in a better position tosupport communities in times of climaticextremes

• Forest Department will allow extension ofmedicinal plant cultivation in the GHNP

• Current status of scientific findings don’tprovide specific impacts with respect tospecific species thus the adaptation optionssuggested need to be broad and generic

• Ecosystem Based Adaptation was identifiedas a key adaptation measure by theVulnerability, Hazards and Risk Assessment

• High degree of vulnerability for several plantspecies, changing pattern of the compositionand structure of forest communities observed

• By promoting medicinal plant cultivation andthus reducing dependence of thecommunities on forests, the resilience ofnatural ecosystems will be enhanced.Resilient forests will be in a better position tosupport communities in times of climaticextremes

• Forest Department will allow extension ofmedicinal plant cultivation in the GHNP

• Current status of scientific findings don’tprovide specific impacts with respect tospecific species thus the adaptation optionssuggested need to be broad and generic

Rationale: Stress and impact on the medicinal plant sector(Based on Himachal Pradesh State Action Plan on Climate Change)

• Increase in the spring temperature, upward shift of the snowline erraticprecipitation pattern, snow melt and reduced glacier mass balance

Loss of biodiversity, altitudinal shift, delineation of the plantcommunity/habitat loss,

Invasion of non-native species including exotic, invasive and noxious species Change in plant phenology• Increase anthropogenic pressure including unscientific and overexploitation

of species with ethno – medicinal value Species/habitat loss Affecting the traditional practices related to health care Loss of the rich knowledge base associated with these plant based health

care practices.

• Increase in the spring temperature, upward shift of the snowline erraticprecipitation pattern, snow melt and reduced glacier mass balance

Loss of biodiversity, altitudinal shift, delineation of the plantcommunity/habitat loss,

Invasion of non-native species including exotic, invasive and noxious species Change in plant phenology• Increase anthropogenic pressure including unscientific and overexploitation

of species with ethno – medicinal value Species/habitat loss Affecting the traditional practices related to health care Loss of the rich knowledge base associated with these plant based health

care practices.

Proposed Interventions

• Rejuvenation and establishment ofgovernment and private nurseries formedicinal plants

• Creation of community level gene banks

Establishment of warehouse and medicinalplant processing unit comprising of dryingand packaging unit

Proposed Interventions

• Establishment of system for collecting medicinalplant product and transportation to centralwarehouse

• Creation of central warehouse for the medicinalplant producer company and establishment ofmarket linkage

• Creation of medicinal plant growerassociations at GP level through existingSHGs and panchayat

• Training and capacity building of themedicinal plant growers on planting andharvesting techniques

• Establishment of system for collecting medicinalplant product and transportation to centralwarehouse

• Creation of central warehouse for the medicinalplant producer company and establishment ofmarket linkage

Implementation arrangement

Summary of Adaptation ProposalsAdaptation Project Project

ImplementingAgency

Budget (in INR crore) Beneficiaries (numberof individuals)

Reducing Flood Riskin Parvati Valley ofKullu District,Himachal Pradesh

State Council forScience,Technology andEnvironment

20.48 1,50,000

Promoting ClimateResilient Agri-Horticulture inBanjar, Kullu District,HP

Directorate ofHorticulture

19.91 1,500

Ecosystem BasedAdaptation in theGreat HimalayanNational Park, KulluDistrict, HP

Directorate,GHNP

17.34 15,000

• Indo Swiss collaborative research studies forcreation of evidence base on climate changeimpacts

• Multi stakeholder consultations for developingadaptation project proposals

• Adaptation proposals (DPRs) handed over toDEST, Government of Himachal Pradesh

Recap

• Indo Swiss collaborative research studies forcreation of evidence base on climate changeimpacts

• Multi stakeholder consultations for developingadaptation project proposals

• Adaptation proposals (DPRs) handed over toDEST, Government of Himachal Pradesh

Next Steps

• DEST, Government of Himachal Pradesh tosecure funds for implementing the adaptationactions

• Funds may be from state, national orinternational sources

• DEST, Government of Himachal Pradesh tosecure funds for implementing the adaptationactions

• Funds may be from state, national orinternational sources

Thank youwww.ihcap.in