Climate change in mexico, agriculture

Climate change in Mexico: Impacts in

AgricultureCambio climático en México:

Impactos en la agricultura

What is climate change?¿Qué es el cambio climático?Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified by changes in the mean and/or variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer.

Source/Fuente: IPCC 2013: Climate Change 2013, The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 1535 pp: 126

Why is there climate change?¿Por qué existe el cambio climático?Each of the last three decades have been successively warmer at the Earth’s Surface than any preceding decade since 1850.

Source/Fuente: IPCC 2013: Summary for Policy Makers. In: Climate Change 2013, The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 1535 pp: 3

Why is there climate change?¿Por qué existe el cambio climático?Ocean warming dominates the increase in energy stored in the climate system, accounting for more tan 90% of the energy accumulated between 1971 and 2010.

Source/Fuente: IPCC 2013: Summary for Policy Makers. In: Climate Change 2013, The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 1535 pp: 6, 8

Why is there climate change?¿Por qué existe el cambio climático?The atmospheric concentrations of carbón dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide have increased to levels unprecedented in at least the last 800,000 years. Carbon dioxide concentrations have increased 40% since pre-industrial times, primarily from fossil fuel emissions and secondarily from net land use change emissions.


What are the likely impacts of climate change for agriculture in Mexico?¿Cuáles son los potenciales impactos del cambio climático para la agricultura en México?

Global surface temperature change for the end of the 21st century is likely to exceed 1.5°C relative to 1850 to 1900 for all RCP scenarios except RCP2.6. It is likely to exceed 2°C for RCP6.0 and RCP8.5, and more likely than not to exceed 2°C for RCP4.5. Warming will continue beyond 2100 under all RCP scenarios except RCP2.6. Warming will continue to exhibit interannual-to-decadal variability and will not be regionally uniform.Changes in the global water cycle in response to the warming over the 21st century will not be uniform. The contrast in precipitation between wet and dry regions and between wet and dry seasons will increase, although there may be regional exceptions.



Source/Fuente: La Economía del Cambio Climático en México, Luis Miguel Galindo (coord.) SEMARNAT, 2010: 21-35

• The increase of CO2 has a positive impact in the yields of agricultura within certain ranges. Beyond those ranges, the impacts become negative. (Graph: States with yield losses).



• Water demand will increase due to the changes in temperature.



• Water availability will decrease in many areas.



• In consequence half of the territory will be vulnerable.

How can we deal with climate change?¿Cómo podemos hacer frente al cambio climático?• Create information and monitoring system on risks, vulnerability and

adaptation for decision-making of the productive sectors.• Integrate climate change adaptation criteria in the primary sector

exploitation policy instruments (agriculture, livestock, fishing and forestry).• Integrate adaptation variables to climate change in: a) economic

development planning, including low-emission development planning, and b) the development of infrastructure

Source/Fuente: Climate change adaptation in Mexico: Vision, elements and criteria for decisión-making, SEMARNAT, 2013: 130-143

How can we deal with climate change?¿Cómo podemos hacer frente al cambio climático?• Food systems have to be more efficient in the use of resources.• Plant production and livestock production• Reduction of food losses and waste

• They have to become more resilient.• Increasing soil carbon stocks• Increasing diversity in the field

• Consumption patterns play an important role: more sustainable diets are needed.

Source/Fuente: Climate-Smart agricultura Sourcebook FAO, 2013: 130-143

Climate change in mexico, agriculture

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