CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION CONTEXT: BORENA, GUJI & BABILE (E. Harerge) Mercy Corps CARE Ethiopia SoS...
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Transcript of CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION CONTEXT: BORENA, GUJI & BABILE (E. Harerge) Mercy Corps CARE Ethiopia SoS...
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION CONTEXT: BORENA , GUJI & BABILE (E. Harerge)
Mercy Corps CARE Ethiopia SoS SahelKimetrica Harmaya University
Team Members
Insert picture of team working
Sisay Awgichew
Endale Worku
Hussein Miyo
Kedija Ali
Malicha Sora
Talew Dheressa
Ismael Haro
Iya Usman
Jemal Hussein
Ahmed Abdi
Khalif Ahmed
Mohamed Seid
Mohamed Nur
Summary of Data SourcesFGD # Male Female TOOL 1:
Vulnerability Analysis
TOOL 2: Preparedness and Response
TOOL 3: Resource Use and Access
76 31 45 26 25 25
Dialogue # Gov’t Community # male participants
# female participants
5 2+1 3+2 109 58
Data Summary
FGD – Visualization in Bitata
Pastureland • Wet and dry season grazing area• Degraded areas, bush encroached areas
Major water sources Farmlands Settlements Market centers Mineral sites Mobility routes
Resource System –
8 Woredas: Yabello, Teltele,Arero, Dhas, Moyale, Miyo, Dilo & DireNo. of kebeles: 134; 44799km2
Borena Lowland Rangeland System
Wordas: Wadera, Gorodola and LibenNo. of kebeles: 58; Sq Kms: 8763
Guji Lowlands Rangeland System
Babile Area MapSpan: Babile woreda extending into Nogob zone of Somali Region
No. of kebeles 23; 2,701.km2
Access based on availability
Resource Access
Guji Borana Babile
Pasture Medium High Medium
Water High Medium High
Market Low Medium Medium
Financial services
Low Low Medium
Farm lands Medium Low Medium to High
Livestock Medium High Medium
Forest land Medium Medium N/A
Other Influencing Factors• Relationships • Institutions• Status• Hazards
Resource Access and Control
Guji BoranaSettlements Dispersed Aggregated/ ollas
Reserves - enclosures More private More communal
Rangeland Heterogeneous, Forest based
Woody/ shrubs
Farming More dominant More at peri –urban areas
Resource Management system
More Private More Communal – Based on traditional system
Customary management system
Weak Stronger
degradation Medium High
Resource Access and Control Context variation in South
Hazard Frequency Impact on the resource
Drought 3-5 yrs Depletion of pasture Loss of livestock Weakening HH economyErratic rain 1-2 yrs
Conflict 1-2 yrs Displacement Restricted access to resources and market
Heat stress Every year Movement restriction Less productive labour,
Livestock disease Every year Kills animals Weakening HH economy.
Hazards and Impacts
Hazard Trends
• Hazards increasing in number and frequency at the period of EPRDF
• Similar mapping with both community and government
Level of Awareness of Causes• Generally poor awareness• Men are ‘better’ aware than women • GOD’s will.• Government has better awareness• No major intra-cluster variation
Hazards
Differential Vulnerability
Community Groups
What makes them vulnerable
Women Responsible for the management of all the remaining family members and weak animals at the homestead
Young Men Move with the herd to long distances, are the one who will be at front line during conflict.
Elders/ disabled Malnutrition and old age, vulnerable to disease
Children Malnutrition and susceptibility to disease; increased labor burden during hazards
COPING ADAPTATION
Migration Feed Production and Storage (hay making; crop residue)
Stress sell of livestock Rotational Grazing: Separation of wet and dry grazing areas
Purchase and use of animal feed Livestock diversificationKilling calves Livelihood diversification
Reducing meals Social/family support
Watering animals at night Small scale fodder cultivation
Increasing watering intervals
Casual labour
Preparedness and Response
Preparedness and ResponseMore Effective Strategies Reasons
Livestock selling - planned Mobility - planned Livelihoods diversification Livestock vaccination Herd Diversification Communal enclosures
Preserves assets Creates Options Environmentally Appropriate Support by customary system – broad support Appropriate timing
Less Effective Strategies Reasons
Livestock selling - distressful Charcoal and fuel wood Casual labour Hay making and crop residues Feed purchase Migration - stress
Inappropriate Timing Short-lived High environmental Impact Unaffordable Limited impact on resilience High risk Potential for conflict
#1: Focusing on most critical system resources:• Pasture• Water• Livestock• Market• Financial services
Reducing Vulnerability Building Adaptive Capacity
# 2: Addressing resource access and control• Improve relationships • Strengthening customary resource
management system• Enhancing land tenure• Enhance women’s decision-making power in
the household, and of key assets
Reducing Vulnerability/Building Adaptive Capacity
# 3: Strengthening existing adaptive capacities
Strengthen systems for communal rangeland management• Bridging community systems and government• Strengthening existing land use planning processes• Separating wet and dry season grazing areas• Recognizing and opening mobility corridors
Recognize and respect social support systems
Enhance access and storage capacity for feed and fodder
Create market linkages for livelihood diversification
Reducing Vulnerability/Building Adaptive Capacity
#4: Addressing ineffectiveness• Enhance access to early warning information• Enhance access to market information• Attitude and behavior change on timely sale of
livestock• Improving infrastructures and facilitating
market linkages • Create public-private partnerships• Creating access to commercial feed
Reducing Vulnerability/Building Adaptive Capacity