CLEAN NIGERIA: USE THE TOILET...eliminating open defecation in the country, and launched a national...
Transcript of CLEAN NIGERIA: USE THE TOILET...eliminating open defecation in the country, and launched a national...
CLEANNIGERIA:USE THE
TOILET
INTRODUCTION
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Nigeria ranks second among countries practicing open defecation globally.
According to the findings from the 2018 WASH National Outcome Routine Mapping
(WASH NORM) survey, 24 percent of the population (47 million people) practice open
defecation.
Open defecation has an economic, social, and health impact on national
development. Nigeria loses about 1.3% (N455 billion) of GDP annually due to poor
sanitation and a third of that cost is as a result of open defecation. More than 100,000
children under five years of age die each year due to diarrhoea; of which 90 percent is
directly attributed to unsafe water and sanitation.
In November 2018, the Nigerian president declared a state of emergency in the
Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) sector, reaffirmed Nigeria’s commitment for
eliminating open defecation in the country, and launched a national campaign to
jump-start the country’s journey towards becoming Open Defecation Free (ODF) by
2025.
The Federal Ministry of Water Resources (FMWR) with support from UNICEF Nigeria
and other development partners, and in partnership with inter-ministerial agencies,
civil society organizations, the media, the private sector, and the people of Nigeria, is
currently leading the “Clean Nigeria: Use the Toilet” campaign to end open
defecation by 2025 and achieve universal access to safely managed sanitation.
“Clean Nigeria: Use the Toilet” is an ambitious behavior-change campaign in Nigeria
with a strong citizen engagement component. Leveraging on what is currently
working (best practice) in states with Local Government Areas (LGAs) and
communities certified as ODF, this campaign is a national movement hinged on
policy advocacy, public advocacy, and private sector engagement.
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THE REALITY OF OPEN DEFECATION
Percentage of population practicing open defecation across the geopolitical zones
Geopolitical Zones
North Central
North East
North West
South East
South South
South West
1 in 4 Nigerians defecate in the open, while 1 in 2 persons in the North Central defecate in the open.
Out of 47 million Nigerians who practice open defecation, 16 million live in the North Central.
10.3
21.8
53.9
22.4
17.9
28.0
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NATIONAL TARGETS ON
SANITATION VS. CURRENT
PROGRESS
Nigeria needs to add 2 million toilets per
year between 2019 and 2025 to achieve
the target of Universal Basic Sanitation.
Nigeria’s current delivery of improved
toilet is approximately 160,000 per year.
2 Million Toilets Improved Toilet
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THE COST OF OPEN
DEFECATION IN NIGERIA
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Economic loss: Nigeria loses about 1.3% (N455 billion) of GDP annually
due to poor sanitation as a result of illness, low productivity, loss of
learning opportunities etc
Health impact: More than 100,000 children under 5 years of age die
each year due to diarrhoea; of which 90 percent is directly attributable
to unsafe water and sanitation. Nigeria is the second country with the
highest children’s deaths due to diarrhoea.
Impact on child development: 1 in 4 children under five years of age
exhibit severe stunting, while 1 in 10 are wasted, due to frequent
episodes of diarrhoea and other Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene
(WASH) related illnesses.
Low productivity: Frequent episodes of WASH-related diseases cause
absence from school or work, as affected people take time off to heal,
and some to take care of a sick relative.
Poor education outcomes: Reduced school enrolment and
attendance due to time lost in search for water and frequent episodes
of WASH-related illnesses.
Loss of dignity and security: Open defecation results in loss of
dignity, increased risks of insecurity and violence against women and
children.
WHY DOES IT MATTER?
Based on empirical study, every naira
invested in the water and sanitation sector
results in economic benefit ranging from
N1,080 to N12,240 ($3 to $34). The gains come
through savings in healthcare costs,
increased productivity, and entrepreneurial
opportunities for the sanitation market.
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WHAT THE GOVERNMENT
IS DOING
The Nigerian government has made some progress towards achieving the
Sustainable Development Goal 6 and eliminating inequalities in the WASH sector:
The Partnership for Expanded Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
(PEWASH) programme was formulated and launched in 2016 in direct
response to the challenges affecting the rural WASH sector, with the
aim of achieving 100% WASH coverage in rural areas.
The “Clean Nigeria: Use the Toilet” campaign to end open defecation is
a key initiative that will reach many unserved populations.
Sanitation financing mechanism, through the engagement of micro
finance institutions, community-based savings and loan schemes, as
well as a government pool fund, are also being used to make loans
available for households, especially the rural poor, to construct
improved toilets.
A national Village Level Operation Maintenance (VLOM) strategy for
managing water supply facilities in all rural communities in Nigeria
has been launched. National guidelines are also being drafted by the
Federal Ministry of Water Resources to appropriately mainstream
gender issues in WASH programming in the sector.
The WASH National Outcome Routine Mapping survey disaggregates
national WASH data across regions, sub-sectors, and household
wealth, gender, literacy and disabilities status, and also explores
equity and dignity indicators, such as gender-separate toilets for
privacy in public institutions and safety of water systems and toilets
for children and people living with disabilities.
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WHAT WE WANT TO CHANGE
Get 47 million Nigerians to use
the toilet and stop open
defecation. Increase access to
improved sanitation, especially
in rural communities.
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WHAT ARE NIGERIA’S PRIORITIES?
Sanitation and hygiene promotion and
awareness creation.
Advocating for the provision of WASH
services and infrastructure
development in rural communities,
schools, health care facilities, and
across marginalized and disadvantaged
groups.
Supporting sanitation demand creation
and supply chain through community
engagement, market-based sanitation,
and financing.
Advocating for a strengthened WASH
sector policy and institutional
environment at the national and sub-
national levels for better WASH
governance and service delivery.
Eliminating open defecation by 2025.
Supporting the presidential declaration
of the state of emergency and the
national action plan for the
revitalization of the WASH sector.
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WHAT WE NEED
Strong political commitment in
leadership at all levels to improve
sanitation and end open
defecation. And increased
budgetary allocation.
Increased and well-targeted WASH
funding at all levels, especially for
rural areas.
Increased support from the media
for the dissemination of behaviour
change messages, institutional
advocacy, and increased coverage
of human interest stories on
sanitation.
Increased collaboration amongst
development organizations and
civil society organizations working
to improve sanitation and end
open defecation.
Increased private sector
engagement in the WASH sector –
through business investment and
corporate citizenship/corporate
social responsibility. And sanitation
and hygiene awareness creation
through branding and promotion.
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Produced by the Federal Ministry of Water Resources with support from UNICEF.
Data source: 2018 WASH National Outcome Routine Mapping (WASH NORM),
World Health Organization/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water
Supply and Sanitation.
Clean Nigeria: Use The Toilet