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Transcript of CLASSIFYING MATTER. Vocabulary & People PureMixture CompoundMoleculeDiatomic...
CLASSIFYING MATTER
Vocabulary & PeoplePure Mixture
Compound Molecule Diatomic
Heterogeneous Homogeneous
Formula Subscript Coefficient
OUTCOME QUESTION(S):
S1-2-09How do you classify matter using the words: element, compound, atom, molecule, mixture and pure?
S1-2-10How do you use a formula to find the elements in the molecule and the number of atoms of each element?
Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space, or
volume.
Mixture Substance contains more than one kind
of particle.
PureEvery particle that
makes up a substance is the SAME.
PURE1. Elements• Simplest form matter• Smallest particle of an element - atom
2. Compounds• Two or more elements chemically bonded• Smallest particle of an compound – molecule
A bucket of gold atoms (Au) and a bucket of water molecules
(H2O) are both PURE since in both cases there is only ONE
type of particle
Element:Sodium – all pure sodium atoms
It’s possible to have compounds of the same atoms:• Called diatomic (two atoms) molecules
Oxygen gas – O2 Hydrogen gas – H2
Compound:Salt – all pure sodium chloride molecules
Homogeneous (can not see the pieces)· Mixture is evenly distributed – “solution”· Cannot physically separate different particles
Salt and waterCokeCheese
Heterogeneous (can see the pieces)• Mixture is not evenly distributed• Different particles can be separated physically
Sand and waterPizzaBubble tea
1000 kg 1000 kgWould the tree and the ash weigh the same?
Law of Conservation of Matter:
In any chemical reaction matter cannot be created or destroyed.
Atoms will rearrange to form new compounds, but the number and type of atoms will not change during the reaction
subscript
Chemical Formula• Shows type and amount of each atom present in
a compound
HOH
HH
O+
and 3 atoms of oxygen
H2O3
form 3 molecules of water.6 atoms (3 x 2) of hydrogen
HH
OH
H
O
HH
O
coefficient1
The subscript “1” is never shown in the formula – it is invisible – since the element symbol is present it is assumed there is at
least 1…
Subscript: # of atoms (per element) in a compound
Coefficient: # of total molecules present
Compound Coefficient Total of each element(Subscripts · Coefficients)
KHCO3 1 K: 1 H: 1 C: 1 O: 3
3 AlCl3 3 Al: 1 · 3 = 3 Cl: 3 · 3 = 9
6 CBr4 6 C: 1 · 6 = 6 Br: 4 · 6 = 24
5 H2SO4 5 H: 2 · 5 = 10 S: 1 · 5 = 5 O: 4 · 5 = 20
4 C11H22O12 4 C: 11 · 4 = 44 H: 22 · 4 = 88O: 12 · 4 = 44
Mg(NO3)23
MgO
O
O
NO
O
O
N
Brackets: subscripts outside a bracket multiply by everything inside the bracket.
Remember the subscript applies to what is
directly in front of it
11
Mg: 1 · 3 = 3N: 1 · 2 · 3 = 6 O: 3 · 2 · 3 = 18
Compound Coefficient Total of each element(Subscripts · Coefficients)
2 NaNO3 2 Na: 1 · 2 = 2 N: 1 · 2 = 2 O: 3 · 2 = 6
2 Al(NO3)3 2 Al: 1 · 2 = 2 N: 1 · 3 · 2 = 6 O: 3 · 3 · 2 = 18
3 Ca(OH)2 3 Ca: 1 · 3 = 3 N: 1 · 3 · 2 = 6 Br: 4 · 6 = 24
4 H2(SO4) 4 H: 2 · 4 = 8 S: 1 · 1 · 4 = 5 O: 4 · 1 · 4 = 16
Vocabulary & PeoplePure Mixture
Compound Molecule Diatomic
Heterogeneous Homogeneous
Formula Subscript Coefficient
CAN YOU ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS?
S1-2-09How do you classify matter using the words: element, compound, atom, molecule, mixture and pure?
S1-2-10How do you use a formula to find the elements in the molecule and the number of atoms of each element?