Matter

Classification of MatterMatter Flowchart

Pure Substances

Mixtures

Matter Flowchart

MATTER

Can it be physically separated?

Homogeneous Mixture

(solution)

Heterogeneos Mixture Compound Element

MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE

yes no

Is the composition uniform?

yes Can it be chemically decomposed?

YesNo No

Matter Flowchart

Examples:

Graphite

Pepper

Sugar (sucrose)

Paint

Soda

Element

Hetero. mixture

Compound

Hetero. mixture

Solution

Pure Substance

A Pure substance is one which is made up of only one kind of particles

All Elements and Compounds are Pure substance

EX: Oxygen, nitrogen, iodine, iron,

silicon, silver, gold, etc.

Pure Substances

Element Composed of identical atoms Only one kind of atoms EX: copper wire, aluminum foil

Pure Substances

Compound

Composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio

Properties differ from those of individual elements

EX: table salt (NaCl)

Pure Substances

Law of Definite Composition

A given compound always contains the same, fixed ratio of elements.

Law of Multiple Proportions

Elements can combine in different ratios to form different compounds.

Pure Substances

For example…

Two different compounds, each has a definite composition.

Mixture

A Mixture contains two or more different kinds of particles (pure)

All mixtures Are Impure

Mixtures

Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances.

Heterogeneous Homogeneous

Mixtures

Homogeneous/Solution Uniform throughout Very small particles No Tyndall effect Tyndall Effect

Particles don’t settle EX: rubbing alcohol

Mixtures

Heterogeneous Not uniformed throughout Medium/large-sized

particles Tyndall effect particles may or

may not settle EX: milk, Blood

C. Mixtures

Examples:

Muddy water

Saltwater

Salad Dressing

Blood

Water + Milk

Heterogeneous

Homogeneous

Heterogeneous

Heterogeneous

Homogenous