Hippocampus and Pavlovian Fear Conditioning in Rats: Muscimol
Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning) · Learning via Association ! Learning in...
Transcript of Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning) · Learning via Association ! Learning in...
![Page 1: Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning) · Learning via Association ! Learning in Classical Conditioning is by association ! Key: Pair two stimuli together—one has some](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed31889444dc013b77eeb94/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning)
n Associations / Pairings
n Terminology
n Measures/ Types of Trials
n Related Concepts
![Page 2: Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning) · Learning via Association ! Learning in Classical Conditioning is by association ! Key: Pair two stimuli together—one has some](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed31889444dc013b77eeb94/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Learning via Association
n Learning in Classical Conditioning is by association
n Key: Pair two stimuli together—one has some important survival characteristic, one does not n Learned stimulus must occur before presentation of
the stimulus that elicits (causes) the reaction n Through pairing, the once-neutral stimulus (NS)
becomes a conditioned stimulus (CS)
![Page 3: Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning) · Learning via Association ! Learning in Classical Conditioning is by association ! Key: Pair two stimuli together—one has some](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed31889444dc013b77eeb94/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Learning via Association cont.
n CS à CR chain is a learned (or conditioned) reflex n most stimuli are external
n Important questions to ask in Classical Conditioning: n What was learned (conditioned)? n What was innate (unlearned, unconditioned)? n Which is the stimulus? n Which is the response?
![Page 4: Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning) · Learning via Association ! Learning in Classical Conditioning is by association ! Key: Pair two stimuli together—one has some](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed31889444dc013b77eeb94/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Pavlov’s Procedure
n Food (US) paired (associated) w/ Metronome (NS)
n Result: NS became CS (conditioned stimulus)
![Page 5: Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning) · Learning via Association ! Learning in Classical Conditioning is by association ! Key: Pair two stimuli together—one has some](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed31889444dc013b77eeb94/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Classical Conditioning
Before Conditioning:
NS
US
reflex
UR
NS = Neutral Stimulus US = Unconditioned Stimulus UR = Unconditioned Response
• Food (US) paired (associated) w/ Bell (NS) • Result: NS became CS (conditioned stimulus)
![Page 6: Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning) · Learning via Association ! Learning in Classical Conditioning is by association ! Key: Pair two stimuli together—one has some](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed31889444dc013b77eeb94/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Classical Conditioning After Conditioning:
conditioned reflex
CS
CR
CS = Conditioned Stimulus CR = Conditioned Response
![Page 7: Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning) · Learning via Association ! Learning in Classical Conditioning is by association ! Key: Pair two stimuli together—one has some](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed31889444dc013b77eeb94/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Pavlov’s Procedure
n How do we know this change occurred? n Saliva flowed during presentation of just the CS,
before the US (food) was presented
![Page 8: Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning) · Learning via Association ! Learning in Classical Conditioning is by association ! Key: Pair two stimuli together—one has some](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed31889444dc013b77eeb94/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Terminology in Classical Conditioning
n “Learned” = “Conditioned” n “Unlearned” = “Unconditioned” n US (Unconditioned Stimulus) n UR (Unconditioned Response) n CS (Conditioned Stimulus) n CR (Conditioned Response) n Learned / Conditioned Reflex n Association / Pairing
![Page 9: Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning) · Learning via Association ! Learning in Classical Conditioning is by association ! Key: Pair two stimuli together—one has some](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed31889444dc013b77eeb94/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Measures in Classical Conditioning
n Percentage of CRs: % of trials in which CR occurred
n Magnitude of CR: (e.g. amount of saliva produced)
n Percentage and Magnitude of CR should both increase with successive trials
n Latency of CR: time between onsets of CS & CR n Latency typically decreases with successive trials
n Direct physiological response n Changes in HR, BP, muscular tension
![Page 10: Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning) · Learning via Association ! Learning in Classical Conditioning is by association ! Key: Pair two stimuli together—one has some](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed31889444dc013b77eeb94/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Measures in Classical Conditioning cont.
n Indirect measurements n Approach to/Avoidance of CS
![Page 11: Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning) · Learning via Association ! Learning in Classical Conditioning is by association ! Key: Pair two stimuli together—one has some](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed31889444dc013b77eeb94/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Two Types of Trials
n Conditioning Trials (Training Trials, Regular Trials): trials in which there is a CS-US pairing
n Test Trial: trials in which the CS is presented alone
n Usually interspersed among Conditioning trials
n Typically present ~1 Test trial among every 10 Conditioning trials or so
![Page 12: Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning) · Learning via Association ! Learning in Classical Conditioning is by association ! Key: Pair two stimuli together—one has some](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed31889444dc013b77eeb94/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Related concepts n Extinction: CS repeatedly presented w/o US
n Ring bell: no food -> little or no salivation n Crying ‘wolf’
![Page 13: Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning) · Learning via Association ! Learning in Classical Conditioning is by association ! Key: Pair two stimuli together—one has some](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed31889444dc013b77eeb94/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Disinhibition n Recovery of CR during extinction after novel stimulus n Like dishabituation, but for CR inhibited by extinction
![Page 14: Classical Conditioning (aka Pavlovian Conditioning) · Learning via Association ! Learning in Classical Conditioning is by association ! Key: Pair two stimuli together—one has some](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed31889444dc013b77eeb94/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Spontaneous Recovery n Reappearance of CR after time passes after extinction n Running into your ex, those feelings return (briefly)