Islam

3rd Block Social Science

Class Agenda

Today we are going to:

Practice taking notes

Learn new vocabulary words

Look for vocabulary in the slides!

Directions: When you see a new vocabulary word, raise your hand. We will discuss what we think it means with a partner.

Record your guesses and the correct definition with a partner

Each person needs his/her own paper

Vocabulary Review Trinity Eternal Soul Sins Crucified Blasphemy Resurrection Ascension Messiah Bible Orthodox Protestant Reformation Denominations Catholic Pope Disciples Cathedral Church

New Vocabulary Allah

Niyyah

Qu’ran

Hadith

Muslim

Meditate

Mosque

Caliph

Imam

Ayatollah

Sunnites

Shiites

Hajj

Ramadan

Kaaba

Quick Facts

Muslims believe in only one God, called Allah.

The holy book is the Qu’ran

The Muslim calendar starts at 622 C.E. This is when Muhammad moved to Medina.

There are 1.2 billion Muslims in the world

Can you name 5 regions with the highest Muslim populations?

Take 5 minutes to discuss with a partner. Here is a map to help you.

Map

Answers

Middle East

North Africa

United States – 5 million

England – 1.5 million

Australia – 220,000

Can you point on the map where these places are located?

Map

Prophet

Muhammad (peace be upon him) is the prophet in Islam.

He was born in Saudi Arabia in 570 C.E.

He was wealthy, but saw bad things happening to people and was sad. One day he meditated and received a message from the angel Gabriel (Jibril, in Arabic). That message is part of the Qu’ran.

In what other religion did the angel Gabriel deliver a message, and to who? What was the message?

Take 5 minutes to discuss with a partner. Here is a map to help you.

Answer

The angel Gabriel delivered a message to the Virgin Mary, telling her that soon she would give birth to Jesus, who is the prophet in Christianity.

Prophet

Two years later, Muhammad started teaching people how to be good and to not worship idols or to make sacrifices (killing animals) to make God happy.

He taught the idea of niyyah, or choosing the right thing to do and to also believe in Allah.

His teachings are called Hadiths. It means “traditions”.

5 Pillars

There are 5 things Muslims believe. They are called pillars.

The first is Shahadah, or saying you believe in Allah.

The second is Salat, pr raying 5 times every day.

The third is Zakat, or giving to charity.

The fourth is Sawm, or fasting. They fast during Ramadan.

The fifth is Hajj, or travelling to Mecca.

These are similar to what list of rules in Judaism and Christianity?

Answer

The 10 Commandments

Holy Book

The Holy Book of Islam is called the Qu’ran.

What are the holy books of other religions called? What religions do they belong to?

Take 2 minutes to discuss with your partner.

Answer

Hinduism - Vedas

Judaism – Torah

Christianity - Bible

Leaders

When Muhammad died, he did not leave a leader for the religion.

People were elected to be leaders of Islam, called caliphs.

Here are the names of some of the most famous caliphs after Muhammad’s death: Omar Uthman Ali (Muhammad’s son-in-law) Muawiya

Leaders

Imams are religious leaders in Islam today.

Some people think they have special knowledge given to them by God.

Other leaders are called ayatollahs. They are models for how Muslims should act.

What are the names of religious leaders in other religions?

Take 2 minutes to discuss with your partner.

Answer

Priests – Catholicism and Orthodox Christianity

Pastor - Protestantism

Places – Mecca

Muhammad was born in Mecca and returned later in life.

Once in their life, Muslims are supposed to travel to Mecca to ask for forgiveness from God. The journey is called hajj.

Muslims on hajj

Mecca

Kaaba

The Kaaba (the point of adoration) is in Mecca. Muslims all over the world direct their prayers towards the Kaaba.

Muslims on hajj at the Kaaba in Mecca.

Medina

Medina is in Saudi Arabia. Muhammad made a famous and dangerous journey to Medina to start teaching. People wanted to kill him because they thought he spoke blasphemy against God.

Prayer

Muslims pray 5 times a day. At noon (12:00 pm) they have a call to pray.

Fajr Sunrise Dhuhr AsrMaghrib Isha6:12 7:25 1:20 4:40

7:15 8:28

Worship

Muslims worship in mosques.

Mosque in Turkey.

Islam – Divided

There are two different sections of Islams – Shi’ah and Sunni Islam.

What other religion has different sections? What are they called?

Take 3 minutes to discuss this with your partner.

Answer

Christianity has three different sections: Protestantism Catholicism Orthodox Christianity.

Sunnites

90% of Muslims are Sunni Muslims. They believe that caliphs should be elected.

Like Christians, they are waiting for their prophet, Muhammad (peace be upon him) to return one day. They call him the “promised one”, or Qa’im.

Shiites

10% of Muslims are Shi’ah Muslim. They believe that the caliph should be someone related to Muhammad. The first caliph, in their opinion, should have been Ali.

They believe Muhammad will return one day, but they call him the Mahdi.

How was Ali related to Muhammad?

Take 2 minutes to discuss with your partner.

Answer

He was his son-in-law, or the husband of his daughter, Fatimah.

Fatima Ali

Symbols

The moon and star are the symbol of Islam.

Symbols

To show respect for Muhammad, when Muslims say his name they say “peace be upon him”. This is the symbol that represents that saying.

Halal

When an animal is killed to where it is clean to eat, it is called halal.

What is this similar to in Judaism?

Take 1 minute to discuss the word with your partner.

Answer

Kosher