Civil Disobedience MovementIntroduction*Civil disobedienceis the active, professed refusal toobeycertain laws, demands, or commands of a government.*Civil disobedience is sometimes, though not always,defined as beingnonviolent resistance.Main Features*Gandhiji led a march on foot from Sabarmati to Dandi. He broe the Salt !aw at Dandi and inaugurated the "ovement.*#ollowed by an entourage of seventy nine $shramites.*%n &th $pril '()*, Gandhi with the accompaniment of seventy nine satyagrahis, violated the Salt !aw by picing up a fistful of salt lying on the sea shore. +hey manually made salt on the shores of Dandi.Effects *+he program of the Civil Disobedience "ovement incorporated besides the breaing of the Salt !aws, piceting of shops selling foreign goods and li,uor, bonfire of cloth, refusal to pay ta-es and avoidance of offices by the public officers and schools by the students.*.ven the women joined forces against the /ritish.Social Groups Participated in the movement*0ich 1easants2 Depression and fall in prices affected them badly. +hey demanded reduction in land revenue.*1oor peasants2 Depression affected them badly. +hey demanded reduction in rent.*/usiness Class2 +hey demanded protection against the import of foreign goods.*3ndustrial 4orers2 +hey were poorly paid. Conditions of wor were miserable.Gandhi-Irwin Pact*3n the "arch of '()*, Gandhi met with the 5iceroy, !ord 3rwin and signed an agreement nown as the Gandhi23rwin 1act. *+he two main clauses of the pact entailed6 Congress participation in the 0ound +able Conference and cessation of +he Civil Disobedience "ovement. *+he Government of 3ndia released all satyagrahis fromprison.Renewal of the Civil Disobedience Movement*Gandhi attended +he Second 0ound +able Conference in !ondon accompanied by Smt. Sarojini 7aidu. *$t this Conference, it was claimed by "ahatma Gandhi that the Congress represented more than eighty five per cent of the 3ndian population. *Gandhi8s claim was not endorsed by the /ritish and also the "uslim representative.Renewal of the Civil Disobedience Movement*+he Congress 4oring Committee too the decision to restart +he Civil Disobedience "ovement, as the /ritish government was not prepared to relent. *Gandhi resumed the movement in 9anuary '(): and appealed to the entire nation to join in.Renewal of the Civil Disobedience Movement*+he police was given the power to arrest any person, even on the basis of mere suspicion.* Sardar 1atel, the 1resident of Congress and Gandhi were arrested, along with other Congressmen.*Gandhi commenced his twenty one days of fast on "ay ;th, '()), to mae amends for the sins committed against the untouchables by the caste Hindus.Renewal of the Civil Disobedience Movement*+he Civil Disobedience "ovement was suspended, when "ahatma Gandhi withdrew mass satyagraha on 9uly '