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 A new city’s demand -driven 

City-wide Upgrading and InclusiveHousing Development

support by flexible finance

directly to community organizations toimplement their projects ADB Urban Forum Manila

14-17 November 2011 

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Problems with supply driven approach does not

match with demand side –

the targettedurban poor

Rethinking  –  How to make the demand side

Become main actors and drivers at the

realistic scale of the problems with support  from more friendly, efficient and accessible finance 

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City-wide Survey in Samutprakarn Province 

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 โครงการบ้านมั ่ นคงกรงเทพและปริมณฑล สถาบันองค์กรพัฒนา

Bang Proang : Household Survey 

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CDF. Community 

Development Fund 

1. Conventional govt, Fiscal budget, top-down system.

dep. 

Indi. 

2. NGOs Service delivery. 

Donors 

NGOs proj. 

proj. Com. 

3. Private sector banking system. 

Bank Company. 

Individual. 

Conditions of  first world. 

Market. 

Community Organization Development Institute

min. 

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7 

Community planning process 

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City-wide upgrading involving many possible city development actors andfind various secured housing solutions for all communities in the city 

City-widesurvey /joint planning,

search forsolutionstogether

Find varioussolutions suitable

for all communitiesin city

Community

Municipality

Community

Otherdev.agencies

On-siteUpgrading

Land-sharing&reconstruction

Reblocking &readjustment

Resettlements  

Row-house

Flat

Detach house

Row-housing

Flat

Mixed approach

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Project opening ceremony

Charoenchai Nimitmai Reblocking Upgrading Community

Location : Bangkok 

Land Owner : Cooperative

Situation : Eviction

Area size : 0.7 ha.

No. of Units : 81improvement : Reblocking

Size : 40-100 m

Repayment : 1,100-2,000 baht (27-

50 U$) per month

Before Upgrading  After Upgrading 

2

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Before  After

Ruam Samakki : Community Plan 

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subgroup  subgroup  subgroup  subgroup 

Bonkai Community Credit Union

Roles of subgroups

•Group garantee •Help each other

•Collect repayment

Subgroup management •Subgroup saving fund

•Daily savings collection

•Monthly meeting

•Help members who can’t pay 

Interest 4%

CODI

Community Cooperatives

on lend to members

at 5-6 % interest using margi

for community development,

management and welfare

Whole sale loan from CODI to community cooperatives and

Development of sub-groups in new com. management

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Community people are actively planning to

upgrade and changing slums to proper

settlements The poor themselves are best actors

Picture from ACCA Program now implementing in

140 cities around Asia

Picture from Myanmar, Vietnam, Fiji and Thailand  

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Some community upgrading, housing projects from Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar ( with

support of only 40,000 USD as housing loans to community and City Development Fund) 

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New politics of Cooperation and building

PARTNERSHIP