CIP Annual Report 2013

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A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 3 I N T E R N A T I O N A L P O T A T O C E N T E R

Ta c k l i n g G l o b

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The International Potato Center (known by its Spanish acronym CIP) is aresearch-for-development organization with a focus on potato, sweetpotato, and Andean rootsand tubers. CIP is dedicated to delivering sustainable science-based solutions to the pressing

world issues of hunger, poverty, gender equity, climate change and the preservation of our Earthsfragile biodiversity and natural resources.

Our vision is roots and tubers improving the lives of the poor. Our mission is to workwith partners to achieve food security, well-being, and gender equity for poor people in rootand tuber farming and food systems in the developing world. We do this through research andinnovation in science, technology, and capacity strengthening.


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On behalf of the CIP Board of Trustees, we must say that it is a privilege to serve an

organization that is working with partners to

achieve food security, improved well-being, and

gender equity for poor people in root and tuber

farming and food systems in the developing world.

The past year showed that CIP is a progressive,

responsive and formidable agricultural research

and development organization. Through sound

management of resources and willingness to

address the diffi cult development issues posed by a

2050 world with 9 billion inhabitants, CIP is headed

in the right direction.

Center HighlightsCIP has seen steady programmatic and nancialgrowth over the past years and 2013 continued this

trend. The highlight of the year was continuing the

lead in implementing the CGIAR Research Program

on Roots, Tubers and Bananas. CIP is the lead partner

in this exciting research program and is joined by

F o r e w o r d

INTERNATIONAL POTATO CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2013

D r . B a r b a r a H . W e l l s

a n d D r . R o d n e y C o o k e


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three other CGIAR partner centers: International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), International Institute for

Tropical Agriculture (IITA), and Bioversity International; as well as the new partner to RTB during 2013, Centre

de coopration internationale en recherche agronomique pour le dveloppement (CIRAD). CIP is also working

in seven other CGIAR Research Programs (CRP). These CRPs also allow CIP to expand its research to continueplaying an important role in improving potato and sweetpotato production systems and the livelihoods of

millions of people around the world.

Strategic and Corporate Plan 2014-2023At the end of the year, The Board of Trustees approved the CIP Strategy and Corporate Plan 2014-2023. The

management team, staff and Board of Trustees worked on the new plan throughout the year and is now

preparing to implement the strategy in 2014. The stories in this Annual Report highlight CIPs ability to deliver

results on the Strategic Objectives proposed in the plan by highlighting work done in 2013. The executive

summary of the Strategy and Corporate Plan has been included to provide the reader with the context driving

the need for this updated Plan and the six Strategic Objectives. The role of the Roots, Tubers, and Bananas CRP

has also been explained.

Financial PerformanceThe Center was successful in achieving an operating surplus of US$2.8M in 2013 and achieved revenue of

US$68M during 2013, a year-over-year increase of nearly 18%. Approximately US$17.3M was contracted to our

partner CGIAR Centers through the Roots, Tubers and Bananas CRP.

AppreciationThe Board expresses its gratitude and appreciation to Dr. Pamela Anderson for her leadership and dedication to

the International Potato Center during her time as Director General and Deputy Director General for Research.

The Board welcomes Dr. Barbara Wells as the new Director General of the International Potato Center, who began

her new role in February 2014.

On behalf of the Board, we would like to thank CIPs donors, investors, and all CGIAR partners for their support. We

also extend our appreciation to CIPs management and staff for their continued dedication to the organization

and its important mission.

Dr. Rodney Cooke Dr. Barbara H. Wells

Chair, Board of Trustees Director General

INTERNATIONAL POTATO CENTER ANNUAL REPOR


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There have been dramatic changes in bothCIPs operating environment and the broader external

environment. This is particularly true for our donors, whoincreasinglyand understandablyvalue an emphasison pragmatic science and research that deliver tangibledevelopment impacts. In response, CIP has developed anew Strategy and Corporate Plan (SCP) for the next 10 years.Some of the fundamental changes driving the SCP includethe following: the emergence of a post-2015 developmentframework; evolving regional and national frameworks thatempower countries to own and lead their own development;CGIAR reform, with an expanded focus that explicitlyaddresses food and nutritional security; and a richer and morediverse partnership landscape. Added to this dynamic set offorces is a heightened sense of urgency that it is imperativeto catalyze a step-change in development impact within thenext generation. This shift is driving the focus on Results-Based Management (RBM), the scaling-up of innovations, anda more sustained emphasis on gender issues.

The new SCP builds on a solid legacy of CIPs pastachievements. The overarching strategic question is: howdo we enhance our impact? We propose to streamline ourprogram to focus on six strategic objectives (SOs). Three ofthe SOs (13) will move us into the research and development


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(R&D) space in order to deliver shorterterm solutions to food security in ourtarget commodities and geographies by

going to scale with agship technologies.Two SOs (4 and 5) will continue to addressmore upstream research for developmentthat intends to deliver future researchoutputs, through the discovery agships,representing longer term solutions fordevelopment. The sixth SO, on biodiversityconservation and use, underlines our

continuing commitment to protect andutilize the world potato and sweetpotatogermplasm collections.

Clearly, going to scale requires testingmodels, then carefully monitoring andevaluating them so that the best optionscontribute to scaling up the technologies.

This will be done by moving from proof ofconcepts, to coordination in an out-scalingstage, to nally reaching a scale-up phasewith development partners. Throughout,CIPs pro-poor R&D cycle will guide theprocess. Gender-transformative researchand social inclusion need to be consideredmore explicitly in the implementation

of this cycle. This will make the design,testing, and going to scale of technologiesmore effi cient and ensure that genderrelationships are not harmed. Capacitystrengthening of partners and CIPs teams,

as well as monitoring and evaluation (M&E)and learning, will be essential for movingforward with the SCP.

The R&D SOs are:

SO 1: Combating Vitamin A De -ciency with Resilient, Nutritious Or-angeFleshed Sweetpotato (OFSP)

SO 2: Enhancing Food Security in

Asia through the Intensi cation ofLocal Cereal-based Systems withthe Early-Maturing Agile Potato

SO 3: Improving Livelihoods of Po-tato Farmers in Africa by TacklingDeteriorated Seed Quality throughan Integrated ApproachAlthough SOs 1 and 3 are closer

to going to scale, and SO 2 still re-quires additional proof of concept,we expect to start achieving im-pacts at the household level fromeach of these SOs over the next veyears.The research-for-development SOsembody 21st-century upstream re-search on biotechnology and sys-tems research. They are:

SO 4: Accelerating the Discovery


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As part of the implementation plan

for these SOs in the scope of the SCP(20142023), the formal presence of theCIP-China Center for Asia and the Paci c(CCCAP) will play a key role. CCCAPwas established in 2010 to support ourefforts to improve food security andreduce poverty. In the next two to threeyears CCCAP will expand its program

via a leading-edge Asia and Paci c R&Dpotato and sweetpotato platform, withparticular relevance to SOs 1, 2, and 4, aswell as contributions to a number of CGIARResearch Programs (CRPs).

CIPs SOs are fully aligned with the CRPs,particularly with RTB, for which SOs 1, 2,and 3 are already active agships. The

genebank-related SO 6 is fully aligned withthe Genebank CRP. Therefore, CIPs workin achieving its SOs will contribute to theIntermediate Development Outcomes(IDOs) prioritized by the CRPs and CGIAR. Inturn, CIPs direct participation in the eightCRPs will support our efforts to achieveour SOs. In addition to the SOs, CIPs SCP

outlines corporate objectives (COs). The COsaddress the operational challenges thatwill be required to implement theSOs successfully.

The best way to enhance CIPs impact overthe next 10 years is to assume greaterresponsibility for uptake pathways to

development while maintaining ouridentity and core business as a science-based organization. And althoughforging productive partnerships has beenintrinsic to how CIP operates, the newSCP re ects a renewed commitment toworking with existing and new networksof partners within CGIARparticularly

with external government organizations,nongovernmental organizations (NGOs),and private sector partnersto continueto transform science-based solutions intotangible outcomes and impacts.

of Game-changing Solutions forFood Security

SO 5: Addressing the Food SecurityChallenge through Roots and Tu-bers: Transforming Vulnerability toResilience

At the heart of CIPs mission is

SO 6: Conserving Biodiversity forthe Futurethe CIP Genebank.This SO builds on the legacy ofconserving genetic resources overthe last 40 years to ensure thatconservation and utilization areenhanced for the coming decades.


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We will enable at least 15 million households (HH) to improve the quality of

their diets and raise their crop incomes over the next 10 years in countries with

micronutrient de ciencies in Africa and Asia as well as in Haiti. We will reach

this goal by increasing the production and utilization of nutritious sweetpotato,

starting with bioforti ed OFSP, a proven technology for reducing vitamin A

de ciency (VAD) among women and small children. Responding to strong

regional and national demand for more nutritious foods, we will work with

our national partners to generate new, locally adapted and nutritious OFSP

varieties. We will help our partners to scale-up use of these varieties through

accelerated breeding, improved multiplication techniques, diversi ed value

chain development, and evidence-based policies. We will establish strategic

partnerships for going to scale and accompany this process with strategic

research to assess cost-effectiveness, pro-poor focus, and gender inclusiveness.

This Strategic Objective will contribute to ve of the CGIAR IntermediateDevelopment Outcomes (IDOs), particularly that of increased intake of

nutritious food by vulnerable populations. This will also address all four System

Level Objectives (SLOs), especially those of reduction in rural poverty and

increased food security.

CIPs StrategicObjective 1


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In 2013, the CGIAR Research Program on Roots, Tubers and Bananas (RTB), in

which CIP participates as lead center began to reorganize its program structure toincrease impact. RTB scientists in all collaborating centers developed a frameworkfor results-based management based on a set of discovery, delivery, and learning& support agships that focused research on the highest priorities. Progressdescribed above with OFSP was inspirational in developing the agship concept. This is based on a central highly impactful agship product and a number ofsupporting research products. The strategic objective for OFSP features as adelivery agship in RTB together with analogous delivery agships in banana,cassava, potato, and yams. For all these delivery agships, research productswere identied, impact pathways tentatively mapped out, and indicators forintermediate development outcomes (IDOs) constructed to provide the basisfor enhancing impact. Hence the development of strategic objectives directlycontributed to, and was also enriched by, the formulation of the RTB agships. This is an illustration of how RTB can add value through broader collaborationbuilding on the strong strategic plan developed by CIP.

RTB Connection

Livelihoods with Bundles of Vines) and at the rstInternational Conference on Global Food Security inNoordwijkerhout, Amsterdam, The Netherlands inOctober 2013.

Emphasis has been directed at developing theorange- eshed varieties for dissemination, therebyincreasing production and consumption of thevitamin A-rich sweetpotatoes, explains Dr. FelistusChipungu, CIPs principal counterpart at theDepartment of Agricultural Research Services (DARS),Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security (MoAFS).DARS is a key partner in the project, as it is responsiblefor sweetpotato crop improvement. Five improvedvitamin A-rich varieties were bred and released underthe project and a sixth one that was already widelygrown in Malawi was also selected for dissemination.

The rst-phase project target of reaching 70,000households was attained several months before theend of the rst four-years and has been surpassed

The project, called

Rooting Out Hungerin Malawi with OFSP,is funded by Irish Aid .



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since then, observes Simon Heck, SPHIDeputy Program Manager, adding thatby the end of 2013, more than 100,000households were growing the crop thanks

to the project. Orange- eshed sweetpotatohas become a logical choice for farmers, asit grows quickly and proli cally under mostagro-ecological conditions; and its taste ispopular, especially among children, those mostvulnerable to malnutrition.

The main constraint is to make good qualityplanting materials available to farmers, explainsHeck, so local farmers were trained to becomevine multipliers in order to improve availability

of the materials at a community level, and thosefarmers were connected to sources of improvedseed from national research stations and otherprimary multiplication sites.

A voucher scheme was designed to subsidizeplanting material, while improved skills andknowledge - such as a new technique of storage indry sand, or intercropping sweetpotato with maize orsoybeans were included in research and training.

For Putri Ernawati Abidin, the Rooting Out HungerProject Manager, training the trainers agriculturalextensionists and leaders of farmers associations -was a key element of the the projects grassroots-leveleffectiveness and helped it gain full support from theimplementing partners. Around 4,000 change agents 43% of whom were female were trained, and eachof those trainers in turn trained an additional ve to10 people. Modules were designed on sweetpotatoproduction, multiplication management, pests anddiseases, post-harvest handling and processing, and smallbusiness skills. All these modules were aligned with theScaling Up Nutrition (SUN) 1000 Special Days in Malawi thatconcentrates on improving nutrition during the critical periodfrom conception to age two, and the Agriculture Sector-Wide Approach (ASWAp), which seeks to increase agriculturalproductivity, reduce hunger, improve diets and promote agro-processing income opportunities.


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Transforming

Smallholder

Livelihoods

with Bundlesof Vines

The project has become a model for its engagementin partnerships with government institutions andNGOs. It has also signi cantly increased the demandfor OFSP in Malawi through an awareness-raising

communication campaign that included radioprograms, theater, recipes, songs sung at eld anddemonstration days, and even promotional messagesprinted on chitenjes a cloth worn by local women.

Lets not forget that many people, including women,dont have the opportunity to go to school in Malawi,resulting in high rates of illiteracy, explains Abidin.When we started with the training in 2011, therewere not many women attending. They were too shyto come because they could not read or write so we

decided to rely on radio programs, drama and songsto disseminate our message. After this awarenesscampaign, more women participated.

The project undertook a household survey duringthe second half of 2013 that was compared tobaseline data to measure impacts. That informationwill strengthen the second phase, which will alsobe funded by Irish Aid. Second-phase objectivesinclude expanding into more districts and exploringopportunities for value-chain development toincrease incomes and get OFSP-based processedproducts and cured roots with longershelf lives into urban markets.More partnerships areneeded, andCIP and itsnationalresearchpartnerswill focuson continuedtechnologydevelopment,and onprovidinghigher-leveltraining andscienti cadvice.


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Fanny Mafuli, a farmer, wife and mother-of-three from Phalombe district, in southern Malawi,traveled to Dublin, Ireland in 2013 to tell an international audience how her life has changed sinceshe began growing Orange-Fleshed Sweetpotatoes (OFSP).

Mafuli travelled to Dublin with Putri Ernawati Abidin, Rooting Out Hunger in Malawi with OFSPproject manager, to participate in the conference on Hunger, Nutrition and Climate Justice held inApril 2013. She told the audience how her family has bene ted from a voucher scheme designedby CIP that allowed her to become an OFSP vine multiplier.

I now have enough food, and I have increased the nutritional intake of my family, thanks tothe orange- eshed sweetpotato, she said in her presentation, which she gave in Chichewa, hernative language.

Like many Malawians, Mafuli dropped out of school for nancial reasons, married young, andbecame a subsistence farmer. During pregnancy, she was selected as one of the bene ciaries ofRooting Out Hungers voucher program that provided her with healthy OFSP vines. She plantedthose vines during the 2010/2011 rainy season, when in addition to producing sweetpotatoes,she became a vine multiplier. She earned the equivalent of US $775 by selling vines through the

voucher scheme during the 2011/2012 rainy season.

I harvested enough sweetpotato to feed my family, and I sold some locally. I also managed to sell15 bags of vines during the 2011/2012 rainy season, she proudly explained.

Mafuli is one of the 4,000 farmers who received training in vine multiplication and OFSP processingand utilization under the Rooting Out Hunger project. She also learned to produce an array ofOFSP-based products such as fritters, bread, doughnuts, chips, mandazi, a one-pot dish, and asweet beer called thobwa.

Conference participants from various NGOs showed interest in the initiatives potential forreplication in other countries with high levels of malnutrition and hunger. They were also impressedby the income opportunities it provides poor farmers through the sale of planting materials, freshroots or OFSP-based products, or sweetpotato leaves for human or livestock consumption.

With income from sweetpotato sales, women like me can support our families nutritionally, payschool fees, and buy school materials for our children. With pro ts from OFSP I bought two goats,Mafuli explained. This project has changed my life.


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As climate change threatens agriculturalproduction and the demand for arable land growsaround the world, CIP works to develop potatovarieties that tolerate environmental stress andproduce tubers more quickly. Central Asia is animportant region for this effort, and CIP collaborateswith the national agricultural research systems (NARS)in several countries there to develop potato varietiesthat can improve food security and smallholderlivelihoods, while contributing to national seedprograms to reduce those countries dependence onexpensive seed imports from Europe.

The effort is beginning to show results in Tajikistanand Uzbekistan, where CIP and local scientists havemade progress toward the development of potatovarieties adapted to the regions long summer days,and with characteristics from CIP germplasm such asresistance to viruses and abiotic stress.

Potato farmers in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, andother areas of the Aral Sea Basin, face challengesthat include periodic drought, soil salinity resultingfrom years of bad irrigation practices, and heat,especially in the lowlands. CIP breeders crossSolanumandigena with Solanum tuberosum as part of an effortto produce potatoes that combine resistance tothose abiotic factors with adaptation to temperateconditions and traits demanded by the market.


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We will improve systems productivity and farm incomes of at least seven million

HH in targeted Asian countries over the next 10 years. These improvementswill be achieved through development and use of early-maturing agile potatovarieties, thereby enhancing food security and providing an additional sourceof income. (By agile we mean varieties that can t into windows currently leftfallow in the different cereal-based systems of Asia and display the robustnessderived from the intended desirable traits.) We will develop the necessary early-maturing varieties with traits resistant to biotic and abiotic stress, includingthose required by the market and processing industry, as well as those preferredfor home consumption. Responding to strong regional and national demandfor better adapted potato varieties and more nutritious foods, we will develop

new, early, and extremely early multipurpose potato varieties that are locallyadapted and robust. We will help our partners scale up the use of researchproducts for accelerated breeding, improved seed delivery, diversi cation ofvalue chains, and ecological management practices. We will establish strategicpartnerships for going to scale and couple this process with outcome research toassess cost-effectiveness, ensuring a pro-poor focus and gender inclusiveness.We are mindful of inherent risks in agricultural intensi cation. Therefore,our integrative, interdisciplinary approach to research for development willcontribute to the analysis and design of ecologically intensive, sustainableagricultural production systems involving potato in Asia. This Strategic

Objective will contribute to the IDOs de ned by CGIAR, particularly thoserelated to increased and stable access to food, more gender-equitable income,enabling policy environment for gender-inclusive technologies, improvedproductivity, and increased consumption of nutritious food. By doing so, we willcontribute to all four of the SLOs of CGIAR related to reduction in rural poverty,increased food security, improving nutrition and health, and more sustainablemanagement of natural resources.



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RTB has included the agile potato as a agship product in Southern and Central

Asia. This is the second agship identical to one of CIPs Strategic Objectives.

RTB Connection

A remaining challenge for the breeders is a growingperiod of 90 days, since potato production in theregions lowlands requires a short growing season.The European varieties that these countries currentlyimport produce tubers in 90 days or less, but they lackthe virus resistance and tolerance of abiotic stress thatCIP varieties offer.

Since CIP began work in Tajikistan in 2005, it hassupplied the local NARS with improved potatogermplasm materials that are adapted to thecontinental climate of Central Asia and have suchdesired traits as drought and heat tolerance. This ispart of CIPs broader work in various Central Asiannations where it is supporting the developmentof new potato varieties and water managementtechnologies to improve the productivity ofsmallholder farms.

The primary aim of the project is to strengthenbreeding systems and to select available geneticresources and incorporate them into productivevarieties suited to stressful target environments,explains Merideth Bonierbale, CIPs Global ScienceLeader for Genetics and Crop Improvement.

This is being accomplished through a strategy calledshuttle breeding.

CIP sends seed to Tajikistan and Uzbekistan for testingand crossing with local and commercial varieties.Based on feedback from local partners, breeders atthe CIP campus in Lima, Peru, reorient their breeding

In the meantime, workcontinues unabated

strategy and produce new germplasm that they thensend back to Central Asia for further eld testing.

We will probably have success in the nextgeneration of potato breeding within thecountry and develop a variety that suitsthe environment and the needs of thefarmers, says Bonierbale.

This project is particularly important inTajikistan and other Central Asian countriesbecause abiotic factors such as heat and droughtaccount for a loss of 35-40% of the regions potatoyield each year. Data compiled by CGIARs RegionalProgram for the Sustainable Development of AgriculturalResearch in Central Asia and the Caucasus show that soilsalinization has affected more than 110,000 hectares ofirrigated land over the past decade, which resulted in theloss of 17% of the gross harvest of cereals and potatoes.

Over 200,000 families in Central Asia could bene t frompotato varieties that combine stress resistance and fasterproduction, explains Carlo Carli, CIPs Temperate PotatoProgram Leader. These varieties can increase productionand reduce risks of crop loss in our project areas withspillover effects into Pakistan, Afghanistan, northernChina, Mongolia, the lowlands of Central Asia and thewhole Caucasus region. Turkey, Iraq and Iran, where agro-ecological conditions are similar to those of Central Asia,might also adopt them.

Carli expects that the introduction of heat-, drought-, and

salt-tolerant varieties of potato will move potato cultivationinto non-traditional growing areas and further improvefood security for even more resource-poor farmers.

In the meantime, work continues unabated with localbreeders and partners in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Whilethe rst varieties of precocious potatoes bred for theregion should be ready within the next growth cycle, CIPsefforts to reach the potatos full potential for Central Asiahave just begun.



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S e l l i n g p o t a t o e s i n t h e C e n t r a l M a r k e t o f T a s h k e n t , U z b e k i s t a n


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Ask Gebremedhin Woldegiorgis, SeniorResearcher for the Ethiopian Institute of AgriculturalResearchs (EIAR) Potato Team, what he is most proudof professionally and he wont hesitate to say, Thetransfer of technology to farmers. This is changingtheir lives. CIP has collaborated with EIAR on efforts to improvethe lives of Ethiopian farmers for more than 30 years,but that partnership gained new momentum in2009, when CIP opened an offi ce in Addis Ababa, theEthiopian capital. In recent years, CIP has sent potatogermplasm from its Lima headquarters to Ethiopiaas in vitro plantlets and botanical seed that EIAR staffscreen at different locations across the country.

At the main EIAR research center in Holetta, about30 kilometers from Addis Ababa, scientists andtechnicians work on various projects to improvefarmers lives. With CIP support, the Potato Team hasfocused on seed management, clean seed productionusing aeroponic and sand hydroponic technologiesand the development of improved varieties.


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The overall goal of Strategic Objective 3 is to signi cantly increase potato

productivity and improve the livelihoods of at least 600,000 smallholder

farmers in potato-growing regions of Africa by the use of high-quality seed

of robust, market-preferred and bioforti ed varieties. Multiplier effects will

bene t an additional three million HH. This Strategic Objective aims to improve

quality and access to seed potato tubers, or seed, of improved varieties by

integrating rapid multiplication technologies (RMTs) with decentralized seed

production and on-farm seed maintenance. A key element of this approach is

private sector involvement to create entrepreneurial opportunities for young

and female farmers. This will eventually boost the supply of quality, affordable

seed to smallholder farmers.



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RTB Connection This is the third agship for RTB which corresponds

to a CIP Strategic Objective. RTB is also support-ing a broader program of work on seed systemsfor RTB crops which, because they are all clon-ally propagated, shared major commonali-ties, opening up an area for mutual learn-ing looking at developing capacity in seedtechnology and business models, ensur-ing on-farm seed quality maintenanceand locally-adapted tools and protocolfor seed quality control. In Ethiopia,as in other developing countries,RTB also seeks to encourage thecreation of knowledge and infor-mation platforms that will helpwith seed market intelligenceand demand creation.


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We are looking at adaptability, late-blightresistance, high yields, and processing quality,Gebremedhin explains.

EIARs Potato Team works directly with the countrysabundant cooperatives. New potato varieties arereleased to them after two or three generations ofmultiplication at the research center. Over the past30 years, EIAR has released about 30 varieties inthe country.

Cooperative farmers and staff from the Ministryof Agriculture also receive training in seed qualitymanagement based on the FAO/CIP guidelines forquality declared planting materials. With support from

USAID, CIP and the EIAR Potato Team adapted thoseguidelines into a manual for Ethiopias potato growers.They then solicited feedback and incorporatedit into the document before getting it translatedinto Amharic, the national language. A Ministry ofAgriculture task force is now prepared to adopt thoserevised guidelines at the national level.

Plenty of Ethiopian farmers can attest to theeffectiveness of the CIP-EIAR collaboration. One ofthem is Guta Gudissa, a potato grower in Jeldu, in the

countrys central highlands, who was pro led in CIPs2008 annual report. He is doing even better today,renting land to increase his potato production andproviding work for many day laborers.

Gudissa is one of several hundred model farmers whohave left cooperatives to start their own businessesand now serve as conduits for the dissemination ofimproved varieties and technologies. He stores hispotatoes in diffused-light storage (DLS) units thathe built following technical advice from EIAR andCIP. DLS units are now a common sight in Jeldu andother potato producing areas, where the technologyhas been widely adopted by cooperatives andindependent farmers alike.

It has been a most successful cooperation with CIP,says Gebremedhin, adding that the Institute has

received recognition from the countrys highest levels.The EIAR Potato Team received a Meritorious NationalAchievement Award from the government in October2013 in a ceremony attended by the Prime Minister.

EIAR has also been selected to host the 10th Tri-Annual Conference of the African Potato Association,which will be held in Ethiopia in 2016.

CIP and EIAR are scaling up their work together, asevidenced by the construction of two new screenhouses at Holetta and another research center innorthern Ethiopia. They will be used for varietaldevelopment under the supervision of Asrat Amele,CIPs regional potato breeder for Eastern Africa.

The collaboration between EIAR and CIP has beenexceptionally fruitful and productive, leading tovisible changes on the ground among Ethiopianpotato farmers, con rms Steffen Schulz, who headsCIPs Ethiopia offi ce. This can be attributed to thestrength and dedication of the staff of the NationalPotato Program and the willingness of the Ethiopiangovernment to invest in agricultural researchand development.

The potential of root and tuber crops in general, and

potatoes in particular, for improving food security andincomes was long overlooked in this cereal-growingcountry, Schulz explains. Having demonstratedthe impact that roots and tubers can generate, thisis now changing. Roots and tubers are increasinglyrecognized as priority crops.

It has been a

most successfulcooperation with CIP,

says Gebremedhin


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Jan Kreuze holdsa small, tube-like containerbetween his thumb and fore nger. It is a mini-arraythat a seed producer or phytosanitary agent can useto identify pathogens present in sweetpotato seedby placing tissue in it and taking a photograph with asmartphone camera. The image is read by an app thatanalyzes the intensity of spots, and can let the farmerknow whether or not seeds have viruses in real time.This is an innovation that provides farmers withinformation that is extremely valuable to theirsuccess, says Kreuze. Its also not costly to the user,which is critical because cheaper overhead costs meancheaper virus-free products.

The technology is an example of CIPs efforts todevelop next-generation diagnostics that can beused by smallholder farmers and extension agentsto quickly and inexpensively identify crop diseasesor pests in the eld before they become a problem.Such diagnostic tools are one of ve game-changingsolutions that CIP scientists have identi ed underobjective four of the strategic plan: to Accelerate theDiscovery of Game-Changing Solutions for EnhancingFood Security.

G r o w i n g F

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This Strategic Objective expands on CIPs decades of knowledge and practice

as a research and development organization committed to scienti c rigor and

inquiry. It exploits recent, evolving discoveries in genetics, molecular biology,

genomics, bioinformatics, nanotechnology, plant-pathogen interactions,

disease control, developmental biology, and cellular biology. By taking

advantage of multidisciplinary approaches, this Strategic Objective will

achieve ve game-changing solutions: research outputs that respond to a

major agricultural problem and are delivered as a novel technology with great

potential for signi cant impact on food security. Two of the solutionsa potatowith durable resistance to diseases, and a sweetpotato with pest resistances

offer the potential of massive productivity gains through the use of the most

elite germplasm and the introduction of multiple genes. Strategic Objective 4

will explore three other game-changing solutions: (1) expanding the cultivation

of potato toward warmer and drier land, (2) next generation of pathogen

diagnostics and disease risk prediction, and (3) new true potato seed technology.

These efforts build on discovery research that aims at reaching a proof-of-

concept (PoC) stage in these game-changing solutions after which new Strategic

Objectives will be developed. Collectively, such solutions will position CIP with

new agship products well into the next decade. Strategic Objective 4 will play

a role in prospecting new discoveries to add new game-changing solutions if

supported by suffi cient scienti c evidence.



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In 2013 the RTB team developed the concept of discovery agship to foster

longer-term, more upstream research that could potentially have dramatic positiveimpact on food security. One agship seeks to build an RTB transformationalbreeding platform utilizing genomics, metabolomics, and phenomics; the otheraims to develop genetically improved RTB varieties with game-changing traitsbased upon genetic modication and gene editing. So a substantial part of thisstrategic objective can be mapped into the RTB agship of game-changingtraits. There are issues common to game-changing traits in all RTB crops suchas managing intellectual property and stakeholders perceptions, and supportingbiosafety regulatory frameworks. In some cases, such as developing RTB cropswith resistance to bacterial diseases, there are gene constructs and gene targetsfor mutagenesis common across different crops. So RTB planning and CIP planningare mutually reinforcing.

RTB Connection

The mini-array is just one of various innovations thatKreuze and his team are working on to improve elddiagnostic capabilities in the developing countriesand remote areas where CIP works. Most of thesetechnologies are developed keeping in mind using easyto nd, cost effective materials to ensure sustainability.Even smart phones have become more common inthe regions where CIP is active, and they have becomecheaper as well. CIP also supports laboratory anddistribution-hub diagnostic needs and tools, butthe current focus on eld-based diagnostics that areinexpensive and accessible to users with minimalknowledge of technology is a priority for Kreuze.

In its 42-year existence, CIP has used basic scienceresearch to achieve important innovations anddiscoveries for controlling pests and diseases andincreasing productivity of potato and sweetpotato inmany developing countries. But science is changingrapidly, and CIP needs to keep up with that change,and harness the latest developments for the purpose

of its mission. While the encyclopedia of knowledgecompiled at CIP is vast and valuable, innovations inbioinformatics, genome sequencing and geneticshave accelerated the potential for discovery in waysunimaginable until a few years ago.

CIPs strategic plan depends on our ability to staycurrent with innovations going on outside of CIP andto adopt those that can be applied to our crops andnew objectives, says Awais Khan, a CIP geneticist

This is a high risk,high reward strategic

objective, saysMarc Ghislain



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This is a high risk, high rewardstrategic objective, says Marc Ghislain, ProgramLeader for Genomics and Biotechnology Global Science,as he explains why CIPs focus on these aspects of basicscience are so different from the other agriculture anddevelopment objectives in the Strategic and CorporatePlan. This is needed, because we cannot sit back and waitfor the rest of the world to develop the technology that weneed for our end users because this may never happen.

Nevertheless, Ghislain observes that to be successful, CIPwill have to partner with academic research institutesand private companies at the forefront of genomics,bioinformatics, transgenics, and genome editing.Certainly, the local private sector will be needed todeploy our technologies when they are ready, but inthe meanwhile, there are some high-tech companiesin developed countries that can help us accelerate thediscovery of our future products.

Ghislain goes on to explain that CIP is uniquely positionedto be successful in these efforts. Few other organizationsfocus on smallholder farmers and even fewer focus onpotato and sweetpotato. Moreover, CIP has been veryselective in the choice of products to focus on.

We have solid evidence that we can be successful,says Ghislain.

on adaptation and abiotic stress tolerancebased in Lima, Peru. Khan stresses the role thatscientists must take as they look outside theirorganization to discover who has expertise in

genome sequencing or bioinformatics or otherelds, and build partnerships with them to accelerate

CIPs research and development pipeline. With thedrastic effects on production from a changing climate,it will be increasingly important to stay on top ofnew research ndings to allow the developmentof potatoes with a broad adaptability that can bebrought directly to the eld. Using the recent updatesin genomics and biotechnology, we are now able toquickly introduce traits of consumer interest from wildpotatoes into preferred cultivated varieties, overcoming

the long time traditional breeding requires.

Other game-changing solutions that CIP will worktoward in the coming years include the developmentof disease-free, ecosystem- exible potatoes and pest-free sweetpotatoes technologies that could makemajor contributions to food security and nutrition.All agricultural scientists have contemplated suchholy grails as a disease-free potato, but pragmatismforces them to focus on discreet issues such asdrought tolerance or late blight resistance. However,CIP has taken on these challenges because its leadersrecognize that success in achieving them would vastlybene t smallholder farmers, whereas advances alongthe way to those goals will strengthen other aspectsof CIPs food security agenda.

While some of the technologies that CIP researchersfocus on are quick wins, CIP realizes that a long viewis also required to face the vast challenges posed bytrends such as population growth and climate change.As Hannele Lindqvist-Kreuze observes a truly diseasefree potato could take decades to achieve, but it isnevertheless worth working on. As she explains, weare focusing on the most important potato diseases:late blight, bacterial wilt and the most commonpotato viruses, and the idea is to combine theresistances that one particular locality requires. Thefocus is to develop disease-free varieties for targetedareas where achieving food security is a priority.

INTERNATIONAL POTATO CENTER ANNUAL REPORT


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Following the domestication of the rstpotatoes some 7,000 years ago, indigenous farmersacross South Americas Andes and the Chilo Islandsselected thousands of landraces that continue to begrown and consumed today. While a few of them

have been used in crop improvement, resulting inbred varieties that are grown around the world, mostlandrace potatoes and proximate wild crop relativesare found only in or near their region of origin. Trendssuch as global warming, globalization and consequentchanges in pest and disease pressure, rural-urbanmigration and other factors are commonly believedto threaten genetic diversity, but without baselineinformation about diversity in the eld, its impossibleto know whether loss of genetic diversity (geneticerosion) really occurs.

Scientists in CIPs Genetic Resources Global Scienceprogram have launched an innovative initiative todocument potato genetic diversity at a series ofhotspots (areas of high landrace diversity) scatteredacross the Andes and Chilo, and to work with localNGOs, national programs, universities, municipalitiesand farmers to systematically monitor the species,


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Strengthening food security is the most recent addition to CGIARs new set

of high-level objectives, an emphasis that stems largely from recent crises

in both food prices and global food security. Yet the dimension that has

been least explored or operationalized is stability or vulnerabilitythat

is, changes in food availability, food access, and food utilization caused by

socioeconomic or environmental stresses and shocks. This Strategic Objective

seeks to operationalize the dynamic concept of food vulnerability in the

context of agricultural research and development, develop a framework for

its analysis, and design resilience interventions. The Strategic Objective

analyzes food vulnerability and assesses and designs intervention research

to reduce vulnerability through the ve stages of the pro-poor research and

development cycle. The model also includes crosscutting products related to

gender, partnerships, capacity development, monitoring and evaluation, and

learning. Initially, Strategic Objective 5 will focus interventions in the Andes and

in Asia. In the midterm, and following advances in the proof-of-concept stage,

these system-level approaches will be applied to the many vulnerable systems

confronted by CIPs region-wide programs in Africa.



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In 2013, RTB supported a meeting of scientists working on in-situ conservation

of potato, cassava, sweetpotato, yam and bananas in their centers of origin. Theydeveloped a research proposal for a Global network of RTB in situ conservationmonitoring sites. This global initiative, which aims to generate evidence aboutthe conservation status of landraces and wild relatives, and sustain ecosystemservices and benets for custodian farmers, will involve the participation of allresearch centers in charge of implementing RTB (CIP, Biodiversity International,CIAT, CIRAD and IITA). This will form an important element of both the strategicobjective of CIP and the discovery agship on in-situ conservation of RTB.

RTB Connection

landrace, genetic and spatial diversity of potato, andrelated collective knowledge. Called Chirapaq an(Rainbow Route in Quechua), the initiative aims tosystematically monitor potato agrobiodiversity in situ(in the eld) and to develop a platform for studyingthe long-term conservation dynamics and modelwhat might happen to that biodiversity in the future.At the same time, the initiative seeks to improve thewell-being of the smallholder families that are thecustodians of ancestral varieties through bene t-sharing practices.

In the era of globalization and climate change, theidea is to take the pulse of the genetic diversity ofnative species and varieties, something that hasalready been done for wildlife ora and fauna, forexample, by the International Union for Conservationof Nature, but which has not been done for such animportant speci c food crop as the potato, explainsStef de Haan, CIPs leader of Genetic Resources. So far, de Haan and his team have identi ed eightpotato diversity hotspots in six South Americancountries where CIP will work in partnership with local

organizations and farmers to monitor agrobiodiversityconservation dynamics. Potato farming communitiesare the main protagonists in this process, especiallythe potato custodian or guardian farmers whocultivate and conserve the landraces they inheritedfrom their ancestors.

CIP and partners began work at four hotspots in2013: two in Peru, one in Bolivia and one in Chile. Theplan is to include hotspots in Argentina, Colombiaand Ecuador in 2015, in order to extend the RainbowRoute across the Andes. The selection of hotspots wasmade taking into account the geographic distancebetween them, thereby increasing the possibilities ofobtaining greater and more distinct diversity. Otherfactors considered included the presence of diverselandraces, crop wild relatives, different languagegroups (Quechua, Aymara, Mapuche, Spanish),perceived threats, and strong grassroots partners.

The Chirapaq an Initiative depends on theparticipation of multi-stakeholder networksthat include public institutions, scientists, localprofessionals, and the farmers themselves. Eight local



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consortia have been identi ed in six Andean countriesthat will work with small groups of approximately 150families each. Although potato diversity is expectedto differ widely among the different countries and

consortia, de Haan hopes that long-term partnershipswill be formed among the participating organizationsand communities to share experiences andinformation, such as robust and practical methods,distribution ranges, and red lists of ngerprintedlandraces. The initiative publishes newsletters tofacilitate stakeholder communication within thenetwork and is producing an educational DVD.

One of the rst steps for each hotspot is to establisha baseline of potato diversity, abundance anddistribution. The research methods to be used inthe communities were developed at a meeting in

Huancayo, Peru, in November of 2013. Local youthwere trained, and they conducted participatorymapping in six communities in Huancavelica,Apurimac and Pasco, Peru. The landrace distributionwas measured and farmers potato plots werelocated on high-resolution satellite images. Baselinecatalogues with photographs, morphologicaldescriptors, genetic ngerprints and ethnobotanicalinformation are generated for each hotspot.

While germplasm from species and landraces growing

in the hotspots was collected years or decades agoand is preserved ex-situ in the CIP genebank, de Haanand his team are analyzing genetic data to identifygaps in that collection. A single DNA sample was takenfrom one representative plant from each farmer-recognized landrace. Germplasm from 21 participatoryon-farm characterization trials in Bolivia and Peruwas evaluated morphologically and genetically andphoto-documented. Between 15 and 120 landraceswere registered per trial for a total of 1,021 accessionsin 2013. In 2014, this amount will be doubled.

At the same time, Chirapaq an is documentingcollective knowledge of landraces, and promotingknowledge-sharing among participants. Rural schoolsare involved in documenting local knowledge withcommunity elders and in incorporating it into a formalcurriculum, which will facilitate monitoring future loss

Yana Gaspar Black Gaspar Puqya Puqya

Allqa Walas Two-colored Youngster

Runtus Egg Alcaraza Alcaraza

Puka Ipillu Red Ipillu Yuraq Waa White Waa

Kanka Papa Kanka Potato



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Huancavelica PERU

Apurmac PERU

Altiplano BOLIVIA

Jujuy ARGENTINA

Cauca COLOMBIA

Zona Central ECUADOR

Chilo CHILE

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women farmers opted to grow improved potatoes inone furrow and landraces in another.

For Mara Scurrah, a member of the Peruvian NGO

Yanapai, one of the many Chirapaq an partners, theinitiatives approach to cultural and social factors is just as important as its focus on genetic diversity. Ibelieve that at the end of the day, we are trying tohelp the poorest sector, since it is the poorest peoplewho are conserving the biodiversity, she says.

In the future, Chirapaq an plans to improve thewell-being of smallholder potato farmers throughoptions such as facilitating access to health insuranceor scholarships for school children. Researchers wont

manipulate potato biodiversity, which is the researchsubject, but will provide indirect incentives forhouseholds participating in the initiative.

The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resourcesfor Food and Agriculture sets down the rights offarmers, but implementing them has always been themost complicated part, de Haan observes. Chirapaqan is looking for positive changes.

So far, de Haanand his team have

identied eightpotato diversity

hotspots in six South

American countries

or enrichment. The NGO partners CADEP Jos MaraArguedas, HoPe, Foundation Peru-Netherlands andYanapai are collaborating with three communities inthe Peruvian departments of Apurmac, Cusco and

Huancavelica on the development of an interactive,bilingual education guide for local schools under anagreement with Perus Ministry of Education.

The idea is to promote the transfer of knowledgefrom one generation to the next, explains SeverinPolreich, an Associate Scientist in Genetic Resourceswho coordinates the initiative with de Haan. We seekto ensure that the collective knowledge remains there,

at the local level, and that the young people areactively involved.

In addition to the Peruvian partnersmentioned above, the Chirapaq an

stakeholder network currently includes theColombian government institution CORPOICA,

Ecuadors INIAP, Bolivias Universidad del Alto andINIAF, the Universidad Austral de Chile and the Chileaninstitutions INIA, CET and PRODESAL.

The Chirapaq an team has prioritized making theirresearch gender-responsive, with help from CIPsgender experts. De Haan observed that there arestrong gender roles in the conservation, use andtransfer of knowledge of potato landrace diversity.He explained that while traveling through theisland of Chilo, Chile, in March of 2013, he noticedgender differences in attitudes toward potatolandraces. Chilo is the place of origin of the diverseand commercially important Solanum tuberosum Chilotanum group, yet many farmers are plantingimproved varieties there. De Haan noticed thatwhereas the men were in favor of replacing nativepotatoes with improved varieties, the women didntwant to abandon the native species because of the

avor and their experience cooking them. Some



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R e p r e s e n

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L i m a C a m

p u s

Pachamama, or Mother Nature, plays adynamic role in Andean culture, and the vitality ofthis tradition was on display at CIPs Lima Campus onOctober 25, 2013, when 30 farmers from Pisac, a townnear the ancient Incan capital of Cusco, Peru, arrivedin their traditional dress to celebrate Pachamama, andCIPs contributions to ensuring that future generationsbene t from her bounty.

The main reasons for the groups visit were toexchange native potato germplasm and to celebratetheir long-standing relationship with CIP. Pisac is oneof six Quecha-speaking, indigenous villages in thePotato Park: a unique, community-managed protectedarea that covers more than 12,000 hectares whereabout 600 native potato varieties are grown. CIP has

been collaborating with the Potato Park communitiessince 2004, and during that time, CIP scientists havehelped them to repatriate native potato cultivars thathad disappeared from their area, but were preservedin vitro in CIPs state-of-the-art Genebank. Over the past decade, CIP and the Potato Parkcommunities have developed a relationship based


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Conserving genetic diversity, with CIPs genebank as a central element, isessential to the success of all other CIP Strategic Objectives. It supports andenables the expedient use of diverse genetic building blocks and associatedinformation to ensure global productivity of healthy, abundant, and secure food.It facilitates the impact-oriented release of strategically placed CIP innovationsand products by the conservation and use of the rich global biodiversity ofpotato and sweetpotato. The genebank holds more than 21,000 accessions ofpotato, sweetpotato, and Andean root and tuber crops (ARTCs) and includescultivated, wild, and breeding lines. Our collection of ARTCs (i.e., oca, ulluco,mashua, achira, yacon, arracacha, ahipa, maca, and mauka) represents theonly secure long-term global collection of these crops that could hold uniqueinvaluable genetic, physiological, and biochemical attributes. These collectionsserve as a model for global and national genebanks through innovativeresearch, advanced public database designs, and interactive genomic use of thecollections. Genomic ngerprinting allows scientists to identify the diversity ofthese accessions rapidly and conclusively. Similarly, complete characterization ofevery accession provides an assessment of diversity and use through genetic andphenotypic correlations. The capture, generation, discovery, and compilationof trait-associated information will greatly aid in food security in a changingenvironment through disease and insect resistance as well as drought, cold, andheat tolerance. Use of next-generation sequencing will provide the baselineinformation needed to facilitate the identi cation of genes and quantitative traitloci, and to develop marker-aided selection options in order to better mine anduse the diversity in the collections.The genebank will enhance the conservation and availability of valuable diversitythrough further rationalizing of global national collections. It will facilitate theuse of germplasm currently not under the International Treaty for Plant GeneticResources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA). This Strategic Objective supportsstrategic collecting to supplement the collection and the building of on-farmconservation through partnerships with farmers for in-situ conservation. Throughcollaborations with a wide spectrum of next and end users, CIPs genebank willmaintain its world-class reputation for excellence, transparency, expertise, andgermplasm management to sustain future global food productivity and security.



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The Plan for Partnership for Managing and Sustaining CGIAR-held Collections

resulted in the signing of an Agreement between the Global Crop Diversity Trustand the CGIAR Consortium to form Genebank CGIAR Research Program (CRP). The genebank CRP supports the maintenance and distribution of the In Trustpotato, sweetpotato and Andean Root and Tuber collections. Included also is thecollection of data about the accessions and the development of systems to aidusers in utilizing these accession-specic data to support research and breedingprograms aimed at increasing food productivity and security. A major portion ofthis strategic objective aims at increasing the level and accessibility of informationfor potato and sweetpotato collections globally.

Genebank CRP Connection

on mutual respect and dedication to Pachamama.CIP scientists have provided the farmers withgermplasm and training while learning from theirtraditional knowledge and spiritual relationship withMother Nature.

The group from Pisac traveled to Lima by bus andarrived at CIP in rainbow colored ponchos andintricately decorated skirts, lending the researchcenter a festive air. They toured the CIP Genebankand partook in day-to-day activities such as recordingpotato samples and preparing cultivars for storage,then they participated in workshops on pollination and

true potato seed production. Spanish and Quechuawere spoken in unison as the farmers and scientistsdiscussed subjects ranging from potato pests anddiseases to the most delicious potato varieties. Towatch the colorful group of visitors interacting withthe research center staff was to witness two differentpotato realities drawn harmoniously together.

The main reason for the groups visit was to deliversome of their most precious potato cultivars forvirus cleaning and safekeeping at the CIP Genebank,and to pick up virus-free plantlets of other nativevarieties for cultivation at the Park. CIP has helpedcommunities throughout Peru over the past 15years with its dynamic potato repatriation program.This includes the conservation of cultivars and thereintroduction of lost potato lines, disease free, tocommunities in the Andean highlands. Due to theterrorism that Peru suffered in the 1980s and 90s, vastpotato-producing areas were abandoned, leading tothe loss of numerous native potato lines. Since CIPbegan collecting potato cultivars for the Genebank in1971 many of those potato varieties lost to Andeancommunities have been returned.

The farmers fromPisac were happy toreceive their most

precious potato lines.



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INTERNATIONAL POTATO CENTER ANNUAL REPOR

CIP ensures the conservation of diverse cultivars inthe Genebank, and gives communities the chance todeposit their precious potato lines in the bank, andto request disease-free plantets of those varieties

when needed. Potato Park communities gave CIP150 cultivars two years ago, and the success ofthat experience led to them to deliver another 100cultivars in October for safekeeping and cleaning.

The process of cleaning potato cultivars of virusescan take up to four years from in vitro growth to viruseradication. It begins with the reception of materials,after which scientists analyze the genetic traits of eachcultivar to ensure they arent replicates of accessionsalready housed in the Genebank. The scientists then

grow in vitro plantlets from the accessions and screenthem for viruses.

The vast majority of potato plants grown in the eldcontain viruses, and these viruses are painstakinglyeliminated using thermotherapy, explains ReneGomez, the native potato curator at CIPs Genebank.Thermotherapy exposes an infected potato plantletto increased heat, which halts virus reproduction butallows the potato plantlet to grow. After two or threemonths, specialists cut off disease-free shoots often measuring 1/5 of a millimeter from the plantlet and growthem in vitro .

Scientists then retest these for viruses, and store cleanin vitro plantlets in the Genebank for safekeeping andeventual return to the community that supplied the cultivar.

The farmers from Pisac were happy to receive virus-freeversions of their most precious potato lines, and theirenthusiasm was evident during the ceremony held inthe CIP auditorium. The event began with an offeringto Pachamama by a Shaman from the potato park.A community leader then offi cially handed over thenative cultivars for preservation to CIP Director GeneralPamela Anderson, who then gave the community anumber of clean, in vitro plantlets of cultivars collectedby CIP over 40 years ago. The ceremony closed with folkmusic and dances, as Anderson and a number of CIP

scientists took turns on the dance oor with the visitors.

For this group, potatoes represent not only the basisof their livelihood, but also an intrinsic part of theircultural identity. While the community is thankful to CIPfor its support, CIP is also grateful to the community fortheir trust and for helping to ensure thattheir prized potato lines arenever lost.

T r a d i t i o

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C I P i n 2

0 1 3


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CIP is a progressive, responsive and

formidable agricultural research

and development organization.

Dr. Rodney Cooke - Chair Board of Trustees


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B o a r d o

f T r u s t e e

s

a n d E x e c

u t i v e C

o m m i t t

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F r o m l e f t t o r i g h

t : D r . S i m o n B e s t , D r . B i r P a l S i n g h , D r . P e t e r V a n d e r Z a a g ,

D r . S t e l l a W

i l l i a m s , D r . P a m e l a K . A n d e r s o n , D r . R o d n e y C o o k e , D r . A r t u r o F l r e z ,

M r . P a t r i c k M u r p h y , M r . A n d r s C a s a s



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L e a d e r s h

i p L i s t

Board of TrusteesPamela AndersonSimon Best

Andrs CasasRodney Cooke (Board Chair)Juan Arturo FlrezPatrick MurphyBir Pal SinghStella WilliamsPeter VanderZaagZhang Taolin

Executive CommitteePamela Anderson, Director GeneralMichael Gerba, Chief Financial Offi cer (until November 2013)Chief Operations Offi cerUlrika Martinius, Global Head of Human ResourcesOscar Ortiz, Deputy Director of Research and DevelopmentAmalia Perochena, Head of Research Support UnitDavid Theriault, Chief Operating Offi cer (until June 2013) ActingDirector General (December 2013)Xiaoping Lu

Leadership Team

David Theriault, Chief Operating Offi cer (until June 2013)Michael Gerba, Chief Financial Offi cer (until November 2013)Chief Operations Offi cerUlrika Martinius, Global Head of Human ResourcesEduardo Ferreyra, Administration ManagerCarlos Varela, Head of Information Technology UnitMichelle Rodrigo, Head of Grants and ContractsJoel Ranck, Head of Communications and Public AwarenessDepartment

Science Leadership TeamOscar Ortiz (Chairperson)Philippe Monneveux

Merideth BonierbaleStef de HaanCarlo CarliAndre DevauxMarc GhislainJan LowGreg ForbesElmar Schulte-GeldermannDavid EllisGuy Hareau (CRP Policies, Institutions, and Markets)Gordon Prain (CRP Agriculture for Nutrition and Health)Roberto Quiroz (CRPs CCAFS and WLE)Amalia PerochenaMichelle RodrigoJorge Andrade-Piedra

Regional Operations LeaderAndre Devaux, Latin American CountriesJulian Parr, AsiaSusan Corning, Sub-Saharan AfricaJim Gradoville, China

CCCAPXiaoping Lu, Deputy Director General, CCCAPJim Gradoville, Deputy Director, CCCAP

Roots, Tubers and BananasGraham Thiele, Director, CRP



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4%5%

6%26%

51%

A 4 N H

P I M R

T B - P A

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O T H E R S 3 8 8

Actual Expenses by CRP(USD$ 65.4M)

Total Funding ($ 68.2M)(Actual 2013, including RTB Partners by US$ 17.3M)

The International Potato Centers good nancial health andimpact on the ground continued in 2013. The establishedinternal controls and risk management framework acrossthe organization earned the International Potato Center anunquali ed audit opinion from Ernst & Young, Peru.

Revenue in 2013 increased 18% from 2012 to $68.2 million(2012: $57.3 million). Financial support for our research portfolioencompasses a wide variety of donors including; governments,foundations, corporate and private supports with the majority ofour research funding coming now through our participation andmembership in the CGIAR Research Programs.

The International Potato Center during the course of 2013approved a new 10-year Strategic and Corporate Plan which callsfor substantial growth over the next 5-10 years. This growth willbe realized through innovative research and the scaling out ofexisting technologies.

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010 2011

2012

2013

Revenues (US$ millions)

UNRESTRICTED W1 & 2 RTB PARTNERS BILATERAL & W3

F i n a n c i a

l R e p o r

t



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Statement of Activities year ended 31 December 2013 (US$ 000)

CIPs Statement of Financial Position and Statement of Activities as of December 2013 is presented in the table below. A copy of thecomplete audited nancial statements may be requested from the offi ce of the Chief Financial Offi cer at CIP headquarters in Lima, Peru.

Statement of nancial position year ended 31 December 2013 (US$ 000)

ASSETS 2013 2012Current Assets

Cash and cash equivalents 3,166 11,003Investments 18,857 21,132Accounts Receivable:

Donors 1,582 2,701Other - CGIAR Centers 6,040 8,199Allowance for doubtful accounts (1,336)

Employees 394 148Others 713 268

Inventory 519 475Advances 3,575 3,969

Prepaid Expenses 690 379Total current assets 35,536 46,938

Non-Current Assets Investments 63 51

Property and Equipment, net 6,393 5,675Total non-current assets 6,456 5,726TOTAL ASSETS 41,992 52,664

Restricted - CRPs Restricted - OtherUnrestricted CGIAR Fund

Windows 1&2 Window 3 Bilateral Total Bilateral Total Total Total

2013 2012 Revenue and Gains

Grant Revenue 4,412 37,126 7,704 18,495 63,325 57 57 67,794 56,545Other Revenue and Gains 388 - - - - - - 388 761Total Revenue and Gains 4,800 37,126 7,704 18,495 63,325 57 57 68,182 57,306

Expenses and Losses Research Expenses 792 33,301 6,772 16,525 56,598 49 49 57,439 49,737General and Administration Expenses 7,891 - - - - - - 7,891 6,104Other Losses 26 - - - - - - 26 1,336

Subtotal Expenses and Losses 8,709 33,301 6,772 16,525 56,598 49 49 65,356 57,177Indirect Cost Recovery (6,735) 3,825 932 1,970 6,727 8 8 - (72)

Total Expenses and Losses 1,974 37,126 7,704 18,495 63,325 57 57 65,356 57,105NET SURPLUS/(DEFICIT) 2,826 - - - - - - 2,826 201

Expenses by Natural Classi cation Personnel 9,381 7,348 1,971 5,128 14,447 - - 23,828 18,763Supplies and Services (2,097) 6,870 1,682 5,537 14,089 33 33 12,025 13,276Collaborators - CGIAR Centers - 17,306 - - 17,306 - - 17,306 13,218Other Collaboration - 428 2,465 4,168 7,061 - - 7,061 6,038Travel 802 1,168 602 1,390 3,160 16 16 3,978 3,473Depreciation 613 181 47 286 514 - - 1,127 2,399System Cost (CSP) 10 - 5 16 21 - - 31 10

Sub-Total 8,709 33,301 6,772 16,525 56,598 49 49 65,356 57,177Indirect Cost Recovery (6,735) 3,825 932 1,970 6,727 8 8 - (72)

Total 1,974 37,126 7,704 18,495 63,325 57 57 65,356 57,105

LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS 2013 2012Current Liabilities

Accounts PayableDonors 11,337 15,750Other - CGIAR Centers 6,471 15,253Employees 263Others 4,759 5,321

Accruals and Provisions 92 194Total current liabilities 22,659 36,781Non-Current Liabilities

Employees 2,006 1,454Accruals and Provisions 599 527Total non-current liabilities 2,605 1,981Total liabilities 25,264 38,762

Net Assets - Unrestricted Designated 5,778 5,778Undesignated 10,950 8,124

Total net assets 16,728 13,902TOTAL LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS 41,992 52,664



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STATEMENT OF GRANT REVENUE

Accion contra el Hambre

Asociacin PatazAustralian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR)

Austrian Development Agency (ADA)

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

Bioforsk (Plant Health and Plant Protection)

Branston Ltd.

Cabinda Gulf Oil Company Limited (Chevron)

Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)

Centro Agronomico Tropical de Investigacion y

Enseanza-CATIE

CGIAR Centers

CGIAR Research Program: Climate Change, Agricultural and

Food Security

CGIAR Independent Science and Partnership Council (ISPC)

Commission of the European Communities

Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA)

Directorate of Horticulture, Government of Odisha

Fondo Regional de Tecnologa Agropecuaria (FONTAGRO)

Global Crop Diversity Trust

Government of Belgium

Government of China

Government of Finland

Deutsche Gesellschaft fr Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)

GmbH on behalf of the Government of the Federal Republic

of Germany

D o n o r L

i s t

Government of India

Government of PeruGovernment of Philippines

Government of Spain

Government of The Republic of Korea

Government of Turkey

Harvest Plus Challenge Program

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)

International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)

Tanaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade of Ireland,

and, Irelands Bilateral Aid Programme (IRISH AID)

Julius Khn Institut

Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA)

Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)

Syngenta Crop Protection AG

The Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in

Eastern and Central Africa (ASARECA)

The Beira Agricultural Growth Corridor (BAGC)

The International Development Research Centre, Canada (IDRC)

The Department for International Development (DFID), United

Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

The McKnight Foundation

The OPEC Fund for International Development (OFID)

The Scottish Government International Development Fund

United States Agency for International Development (USAID)

United States National Science Foundation (NSF)

For the Year Ending December 31, 2013



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CIP- Headquarters

International Potato Center (CIP)

Av. La Molina 1895, Lima 12, PeruP.O. Box 1558, Lima 12, PeruTel: +51 1 349 6017Email: [email protected]

Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)

Regional Offi ce EcuadorSanta Catalina Experimental StationPanamericana Sur Km 1Sector Cutuglahua Canton Meja,Quito, EcuadorTel: (593) 2 3006443Email: [email protected] and/or [email protected]

San Ramn Experimental StationEx Fundo El Milagro s/n, Chanchamayo,San Ramn, PeruTel: (51-64) 331086Email: [email protected]

Huancayo Experimental StationFundo Santa Ana s/n Hualahoyo,El Tambo-Huancayo,Junin, PeruTel: (51-64) 246767Email: [email protected]

CIP BoliviaC. Gabriel Gosalves Esq. 6 de Agosto # 240, 3er Piso,Sopocachi, La Paz, BoliviaTel: (591) 2 2118825

CIP ColombiaCalle 9 No. 4-84 Apartamento 103,

Bogot DC, ColombiaTel: (57-1) 286-0331

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)

Regional Offi ce Kenyac/o ILRI CampusOld Naivasha Road, Uthiru,Nairobi, KenyaTel: (254) 20 422 3633Email: [email protected]

Liaison Offi ce Ghanac/o CSIR Crop Research InstituteP.O. Box 3785, Fumesua, Kumasi, GhanaTel: (233) 322 060929Email: [email protected]

Liaison Offi ce UgandaPLOT 47, NTINDA II ROADP.O. Box 22274, Kampala, UgandaTel: (256) 312-266250-3Email: [email protected]

Liaison Offi ce Mozambiquec/o Instituto de Investigacao Agraria de MozambiqueAvenida das FPLM 2698Box 2100, Maputo, MozambiqueTel: (258) 21 461 610

Email: [email protected]

Liaison Offi ce MalawiArea 11 Plot #36Chimutu RoadP.O. Box 31600Capital City, Lilongwe 3, MalawiTel: +265(0) 1773083Email: [email protected]

O ffi c e

L o c a t i o n

s



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Liaison Offi ce Ethiopiac/o ILRI EthiopiaP.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaTel: (251) 11 617 2291Email: [email protected]

CIP ZambiaAddis Abab DrivePlot 4186 Longacres, P.O. Box 51289, LusakaTel: (260) 211 257939-40Email: [email protected]

CIP RwandaBoulevard de IUmuganda, Concord buildingP.O. Box 6801, RwandaTel: (250) 784 535519Email: [email protected]

CIP TanzaniaCIP-ARI UYOLEP.O.Box 400-Mbeya, TanzaniaTel: (255) 22 2700092Email: [email protected]

CIP NigeriaRaw Material and Research Development Council (RMRDC)17, Anguyi Ironsi Street, Maitama DistrictP.M.B 232. Garki, Abuja, NigeriaTel: (234) 815-5438733Email: [email protected]

Asia

Regional Offi ce New DelhiNASC Complex, DPS Marg, Pusa CampusNew Delhi-110012, IndiaTel: 91-11-25840201Email: [email protected]

Liaison Offi ce OdishaRegional Centre CTCRIPO Dumduma, BhubaneswarTel: 94 3706 9177Email: [email protected]

Liaison Offi ce Uzbekistanc/o ICARDA-PFU6, Osiyo Street, 1000 000 Tashkent, UzbekistanTel: (998) 71237 1782Email: [email protected]

Project Offi ce NepalNational Potato Research Program (NPRP),

Nepal Agricultural Research Council(NARC),Khumaltar, Lalitpur, NepalEmail: [email protected]

LI-BIRD

(Local Initiatives for Biodiversity, Research and Development),Pokhara, Gairapatan, Kaski, NepalEmail: [email protected]

Project Offi ce BhutanBhutan Potato Development Program (BPDP),Department of Agriculture, Semtoka,Thimpu, BhutanEmail: [email protected]

Project Offi ce BangladeshHouse-74, Road-07, Fourth Floor, Block-H, Banani,Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh

Tel: +880 2 9854240Email: [email protected]

Liaison Offi ce Indonesiac/o BALITSAJl. Tangkuban Perahu no. 517P.O. Box 8404 Lembang-Bandung 40391, IndonesiaTel: (62) 22-2785591Email: [email protected]

Liaison Offi ce PhilippinesPCARRD Complex Los Baos, Laguna 4030, PhilippinesTel: (63-49) 536-8185Telefax: (63 49) 536 1662Email: [email protected]

Project Offi ce VietnamPhong 215, Nha A,Vien Chan nuoiThuy Phuong, ChemTu Liem, Hanoi, VietnamTel: (84-4) 7410-004Email: [email protected]

CCCAP CIP China Center for Asia and the Pacic

CIP China Offi ce709 Pan Paci c Plaza, A12 Zhongguancun Nandajie,Beijing 100081, ChinaTel: (86) 10 6210 9380Email: [email protected]



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Ali, S.; Kadian, M.S. ; Akhtar, M.; Chandla, V.K.; Singh, B.P. 2013.Epidemiological approaches to control aphid-borne Potato virusdiseases in Meghalaya, India. Annals of Plant Protection Sciences.

(India). ISSN 0971-3573. 21(2):295-298.

Ali, S.; Kadian, M.S.; Ortiz, O. ; Singh, B.P.; Chandla, V.K.; Akhtar,M. 2013. Degeneration of potato seed in Meghalaya andNagaland States in North-Eastern hills of India. Potato Journal.(India). ISSN 0970-8235. 40(2):122-127. http://epubs.icar.org.in/ejournal/index.php/PotatoJ/article/view/35837

Anyanga, M.O.; Muyinza, H.; Talwana, H.; Hall, D.R.; Farman,D.I.; Ssemakula, G.N.;Mwanga, R.O.M. ; Stevenson, P.C. 2013.Resistance to the weevils Cylas puncticollis and Cylas brunneusconferred by sweetpotato root surface compounds. Journalof Agricultural and Food Chemistry. (USA). ISSN 0021-8561.61(34):8141-8147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf4024992

Boonham, N.;Kreuze, J. ; Winter, S.; Vlugt, R. van der.; Bergervoet,J.; Tomlinson, J.; Mumford, R. 2013. Methods in virus diagnostics:From ELISA to next generation sequencing. Virus Research.(Netherlands). ISSN 0168-1702. Published online 19 Dec 2013:29p. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2013.12.007

Burgos, G.; Amoros, W.; Munoa, L.; Sosa, P.; Cayhualla, C. ;Sanchez, C. ; Diaz, C.;Bonierbale, M. 2013. Total phenolic, totalanthocyanin and phenolic acid concentrations and antioxidantactivity of purple- eshed potatoes as affected by boiling. Journal

of Food Composition and Analysis. (USA). ISSN 0889-1575.30(1):6-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2012.12.001

Burgos, G.; Munoa, L.; Sosa, P.; Bonierbale, M.; Felde, T. zum. ;Diaz, C. 2013.In vitro bioaccessibility of Lutein and Zeaxanthin ofyellow eshed boiled potatoes. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition.(Netherlands). ISSN 0921-9668. 68:385390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11130-013-0381-x

Cabello, R.; Monneveux, P.; Mendiburu, F. de; Bonierbale,M. 2013. Comparison of yield based drought tolerance indicesin improved varieties, genetic stocks and landraces of potato

(Solanum tuberosum L. ). Euphytica. (Netherlands). ISSN 0014-2336.193(2):147-156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10681-013-0887-1

Delgado-Baquerizo, M.; Maestre, F.; Gallardo, A.; Bowker, M.A.;Wallenstein, M.D.; Quero, J.L.; Ochoa, V.; Gozalo, B.; Garcia-Gomez, M.; Soliveres, S.; Garcia-Palacios, P.; Berdugo, M.;Valencia, E.; Escolar, C.; Arredondo, T.; Barraza-Cepeda, C.; Bran,D.; Carreira, J.A.; Chaieb, M.; Conceicao, A.A.; Derak, M.; Eldridge,D.J.; Escudero, A.; Espinosa, C.I.; Gaitan, J.; Gatica, M.G.; Gomez-Gonzalez, S.; Guzman, E.; Gutierrez, J.R.; Florentino, A.; Hepper,E.; Hernandez, R.M.; Huber-Sannwald, E.; Jankju, M.; Liu, J.; Mau,R.L.; Miriti, M.; Monerris, J.; Naseri, K.; Noumi, Z.; Polo, V.; Prina,A.; Pucheta, A.; Ramirez, E.;Ramirez Collantes, D. ; Romao, R.;Tighe, M.; Torres, D.; Torres-Diaz, C.; Ungar, E.D.; Val, J.; Wamiti, W.;Wang, D.; Zaady, E. 2013. Decoupling of soil nutrie

CIP Annual Report 2013

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