Cigarettes

Joshua Firestone

Who Smokes?

• By Gender•

21.5% of adult men• 17.3% of adult women•

By Age•

20.1% of adults aged 18–24 years• 22.0% of adults aged 25–44 years• 21.1% of adults aged 45–64 years• 9.5% of adults aged 65 years and older•

By Race/Ethnicity•

31.4% of American Indians/Alaska Natives (non-Hispanic)• 9.2% of Asians (non-Hispanic; excludes Native Hawaiians

and Pacific Islanders)• 20.6% of blacks (non-Hispanic)• 12.5% of Hispanics• 21.0% of whites (non-Hispanic)

• By Education•

45.2% of adults with a GED diploma• 33.8% of adults with 9–11 years of education• 23.8% of adults with a high school diploma• 9.9% of adults with an undergraduate

college degree• 6.3% of adults with a postgraduate college

degree•

By Poverty Status•

28.9% of adults who live below the poverty level

• 18.3% of adults who live at or above the poverty level

•

Deaths Caused by Smoking

• Worldwide, tobacco use causes nearly 5 million deaths per year.

• Current trends show that tobacco use will cause more than 10 million deaths annually by 2020.

• Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States.

• In the United States, cigarette smoking is responsible for about one in five deaths annually, or about 438,000 deaths per year.

What’s in Cigarettes?• Cigarette smoke contains over 4,000 chemicals,

including 43 known cancer-causing (carcinogenic) compounds and 400 other toxins. These include nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide, as well as formaldehyde, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, arsenic, and DDT.

• Nicotine is highly addictive. Smoke containing nicotine is inhaled into the lungs, and the nicotine reaches your brain in just six seconds.

• While not as serious as heroin addiction, addiction to nicotine also poses very serious health risks in the long run.

Lung cancer• Lung cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell

growth in tissues of the lung• most common symptoms are coughing (including coughing up

blood), weight loss and shortness of breath• Common treatments include surgery, chemotherapy,

and radiotherapy. NSCLC is sometimes treated with surgery• Survival depends on stage, overall health, and other factors.

Overall, 15% of people in the United States diagnosed with lung cancer survive five years

• Worldwide, lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in men and women, and is responsible for 1.38 million deaths annually, as of 2008.

Heart Disease

• Smoking is now considered one of the six independent risk factors for heart disease that a person can control

• Most cases of heart disease are caused by atherosclerosis, which is a condition in which arteries become harden and clogged, Cigarette smoking speeds up the process of atherosclerosis

• smoking causes blood platelets to clump together, causes clots

Emphysema • Emphysema is a long-term, progressive disease

of the lungs that primarily causes shortness of breath

• In people with emphysema, the tissues necessary to support the physical shape and function of the lungs are destroyed.

• Emphysema is called an obstructive lung disease because the destruction of lung tissue around smaller sacs, called alveoli, makes these air sacs unable to hold their functional shape upon exhalation

Videos

• http://youtu.be/vxlUCIqbD8M • http://youtu.be/gEGLlo8IY5E

Ways to Quit Smoking

• Cold Turkey• The patch • Replacement (chewing straws, gum)• Smokeless cigarettes• Nicotine gum• www.nj.quitnet.com