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Self-Healing Materials: An Alternative

Approach to 20 Centuries of Materials

Science

Springer Series in Materials Science, Vol. 100, 2007

Zwaag, Sybrand van der (Ed.)

ISBN: 978-1-4020-6249-0

As a result of the pathbreaking First International

Conference on Self-Healing Materials, a distinguished

group of experts was invited to contribute a chapter

to the textbook Self-Healing Materials: An Alternative

Approach to 20 Centuries of Materials Science, pub-

lished by Springer. This book, the first in this new

field of materials science, aims to present a coherent

picture of design principles and resulting properties of

self-healing materials over all material classes, and to

offset them to the current design principles for struc-

tural materials with improved mechanical properties.

The First International Conference on Self Healing

Materials , organized by

the Delft Centre for Materials and sponsored by IUPAC,

was held 18 to 20 April 2007 in Noordwijk aan Zee,

the Netherlands. The event featured over 80 speak-

ers from 5 continents and was attended by more than

200 participants. Chairmen of the conference were

S. White (University of Illinois, USA) and S. van derZwaag (Delft University of Technology).

Although the phenomenon of self-healing has been

recognized in materials throughout history, especially

with regards to bio-

logical systems, it was

only recently that the

property of self-heal-

ing was seriously con-

sidered as a desirable

function for man-made

materials. Beginning

with the first suc-

cessful incorporation

of self-healing func-

tionality in an (man-

made) epoxy-system

via micro encapsula-

tion at the University

of Illinois, research

groups throughout the

world have started to

explore concepts and materials systems that impart

self-healing properties for a variety of applications.

The conference was organized to gather and bene-

fit from the insights gathered thus far in this intriguing

new field. The expansive scope of the field is reflected

in the topics represented at the conference:

asphaltic materialsbio-inspired technical materials

cementitious materials

composites and hybrids

metals

paints and other coatings

structural polymers

biological systems

theoretical models related to self-healing

characterization of self-healing behavior

An exciting opening lecture on the Future ofAutonomic Materials Systems by Scott White,

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, introduced

new ideas about how autonomic materials systems will

provide self-sensing, regrowth, and other biologically

inspired functions.

Peter Fratzl, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and

Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany, reported about Self-

Repair in Bone Tissue, Plasticity, Remodelling, Healing.

He explained the fundamental differences between

the design of natural materials and engineered materi-

als. Nature adapts constantly to changing conditionsduring its whole life time. Explaining the self-repair of

bones as a typical example occurring in nature, prin-

20 CHEMISTRY International November-December 2008

Bookworm

Books and publications hot off the press.

See also www.iupac.org/publications

The Second International

Conference on Self-Healing

Materials will be held 28 June to

1 July 2009 at The Westin Chicago

River North in downtown Chicago,

Illinois, USA. Building on the suc-

cess of the first conference, an

even larger turnout is expected.The site is a four-star hotel along

the Chicago River within walking

distance of the Magnificent Mile shopping district, Navy Pier,

Millennium Park and other Chicago sites.

More information is available concerning registration, abstract

submission, hotel accommodations, tours, and additional con-

ference details. Scott White and Ian Bond are the conference

co-chairs.

http://conferences.beckman.uiuc.edu/ICSHM2009

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21CHEMISTRY International November-December 2008

ciples and strategies can be understood and adapted

to engineering material systems.

Other lecture subjects included Particle-Filled

Microcapsules to Repair Damaged Substrates by

Anna Balazs, Self-Healing Fibre Reinforced Polymer

Composites by Ian Bond, Self-Healing in Concrete

Materials by Victor Li, Self-Healing of Thermosetting

Resins by F. Jones, Self-Healing in Metals by R.

Lumley and H. Wang, and Mechanisms of Healing in

Asphalt Mixtures by D. Little.

www.springer.com/chemistry/polymer/book/978-1-4020-6249-0

International Vocabulary of Metrology

Basic and General Concepts and

Associated Terms

3rd edition, JCGM (Joint Committee for Guides in

Metrology) 200:2008

In general, a vocabulary is a terminological diction-

ary which contains designations and definitions fromone or more specific subject fields (ISO 1087-1:2000,

3.7.2). The vocabulary in this book pertains to metrol-

ogy, the science of measurement and its applica-

tion. It also covers the basic principles governing

quantities and units. The field of quantities and units

could be treated in many different ways. Clause 1 of

this vocabulary is one such treatment, and is based

on the principles laid down in the various parts of ISO

31, Quantities and Units, currently being replaced by

the ISO 80000 and IEC 80000 series Quantities and

Units, and in the SI brochure,The International Systemof Units (published by the Bureau International des

Poids et Mesures, BIPM).

The second edition of the International Vocabulary

of Basic and General Terms in Metrology (VIM) was

published in 1993. A third edition was published in

order to cover measurements in chemistry and labo-

ratory medicine for the first time, as well as to incor-

porate concepts related to metrological traceability,

measurement uncertainty, and nominal properties. Its

title is now International Vocabulary of Metrology

Basic and General Concepts and Associated Terms(VIM) in order to emphasize the primary role of con-

cepts in developing a vocabulary.

In this vocabulary, it is taken for granted that there

is no fundamental difference among the basic prin-

ciples of measurement in physics, chemistry, labora-

tory medicine, biology, or engineering. Furthermore,

an attempt has been made to meet conceptual needs

of measurement in fields such as biochemistry, food

science, forensic science, and molecular biology.

Several concepts that appeared in the second edi-

tion of the VIM do not appear in this third editionbecause they are no longer considered to be basic or

general. For example, the concept response time,

used in describing the temporal behavior of a mea-

suring system, is not included. For concepts related

to measurement devices that are not covered by this

third edition of the VIM, the reader should consult

other vocabularies such as IEC 60050, International

Electrotechnical Vocabulary. For concepts concerned

with quality management, mutual recognition arrange-

ments pertaining to metrology, or legal metrology, the

reader is referred to documents given in the bibliog-raphy.

Development of this third edition of the VIM has

raised some fundamental questions about different

current philosophies and descriptions of measure-

ment, as will be summarized below. These differences

sometimes lead to difficulties in developing definitions

that could be used across the different descriptions.

No preference is given in this third edition to any of

the particular approaches.

The change in the treatment of measurement

uncertainty from an Error Approach (sometimes calledTraditional Approach or True Value Approach) to an

Uncertainty Approach necessitated reconsideration

Group photo taken at the First International Conference on

Self Healing Materials in the Netherlands.

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