ChildrenChildren’’s Health Protections Health Protection Advisory CommitteeAdvisory Committee

EPA CHPACEPA CHPAC

Presentation to SABPresentation to SAB September 21, 2010September 21, 2010

CHPAC PresentationCHPAC Presentation

¾¾ Purpose of the CHPAC, history, membersPurpose of the CHPAC, history, members ¾¾ Past activities, topics of recommendationsPast activities, topics of recommendations ¾¾ Current activitiesCurrent activities ¾¾ Areas of mutual interestAreas of mutual interest

PurposePurpose

CHPAC will provide advice, informationCHPAC will provide advice, information and recommendations to assist EPA in theand recommendations to assist EPA in the development of regulations, guidance anddevelopment of regulations, guidance and policies to address childrenpolicies to address children’’s health.s health.

HistoryHistory

¾¾ Established 1998Established 1998 zz ……to address the prevention of adverse healthto address the prevention of adverse health

effects to childreneffects to children zz Identify five regulations for EPA to reevaluateIdentify five regulations for EPA to reevaluate

¾¾ Charter most recently renewed in 2009Charter most recently renewed in 2009 ¾¾ Operating Principles and Procedures,Operating Principles and Procedures,

revised 2008revised 2008 ¾¾ CHPAC web site for letters and reportsCHPAC web site for letters and reports

zz Meeting minutes will be added in the futureMeeting minutes will be added in the future

CharterCharter

¾¾ CHPAC is asked by EPA to review, study,CHPAC is asked by EPA to review, study, and discuss issues; and to develop andand discuss issues; and to develop and report comments on these issues to EPAreport comments on these issues to EPA

¾¾ Staffed by the EPA Office of ChildrenStaffed by the EPA Office of Children’’ss Health ProtectionHealth Protection zz PeterPeter GrevattGrevatt, Ph.D., Director of OCHP within, Ph.D., Director of OCHP within

the Office of the EPAthe Office of the EPA AministratorAministrator zz Martha Berger, Designated Federal Official forMartha Berger, Designated Federal Official for

the CHPACthe CHPAC

MembersMembers

¾¾ 29 members from:29 members from: zz State government/tribes (6)State government/tribes (6) zz Academia (8)Academia (8) zz Industry (4)Industry (4) zz Environmental advocacy groups (4)Environmental advocacy groups (4) zz Pediatricians (7)Pediatricians (7)

¾¾ 3 chairs in its 123 chairs in its 12--year historyyear history ¾¾ 6 year limit on participation6 year limit on participation

MembersMembers 1.1. PamelaPamel Shubat, PhD, Chair, Minnesota Department of Healtha Shubat, PhD, Chair, Minnesota Department of Health 2.2. Robert Amler, MD, Dean, School of Public Health, NY Medical CollRobert Amler, MD, Dean, School of Public Health, NY Medical Collegeege 3.3. Laura Anderko, RN PhD, Georgetown UniversityLaura Anderko, RN PhD, Georgetown University 4.4. Tyra BryantTyra Bryant--Stephens, MD, Medical Director, Children's Hospital of PhiladelpStephens, MD, Medical Director, Children's Hospital of Philadelphiahia 5.5. Gail Cynthia Christopher, W.K. Kellogg FoundationGail Cynthia Christopher, W.K. Kellogg Foundation 6.6. Ed Clark, MD, Chair, School of Medicine, University of UtahEd Clark, MD, Chair, School of Medicine, University of Utah 7.7. Nancy Clark, MA, CIH, CSP, New York City Department of Health anNancy Clark, MA, CIH, CSP, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiened Mental Hygiene 8.8. Rochelle Davis, Founding Executive Director , Healthy Schools CRochelle Davis, Founding Executive Director , Healthy Schools Campaignampaign 9.9. Janice Dhonau. The Procter and Gamble CompanyJanice Dhonau. The Procter and Gamble Company 10.10. Maida Galvez, MD, MPH. Mt. Sinai School of MedicineMaida Galvez, MD, MPH. Mt. Sinai School of Medicine 11.11. Janvier Gasana, MD, PhD,Janvier Gasana, MD, PhD, StempelStempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida InternationalCollege of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International UniversityUniversity 12.12. Peggy Nilsson Geimer, MD. ARCH Chemicals, IncPeggy Nilsson Geimer, MD. ARCH Chemicals, Inc 13.13. LeRoy Graham, MD, FCCP. Morehouse School of MedicineLeRoy Graham, MD, FCCP. Morehouse School of Medicine 14.14. Dan Hryhorczuk, MD, MPH. School of Public Health, University ofDan Hryhorczuk, MD, MPH. School of Public Health, University of Illinois at ChicagoIllinois at Chicago 15.15. David Jacobs, PhD, CIH, Director of Research, National Center foDavid Jacobs, PhD, CIH, Director of Research, National Center for Healthy Housingr Healthy Housing 16.16. Richard W. Janssen, Jr., Confederated Salish and Kootenai TribesRichard W. Janssen, Jr., Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes 17.17. Amy D. Kyle, PhD, MPH, School of Public Health, University of CaAmy D. Kyle, PhD, MPH, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeleylifornia Berkeley 18.18. Lynda Knobeloch, PhD, Bureau of Environmental and Occupational HLynda Knobeloch, PhD, Bureau of Environmental and Occupational Healthealth 19.19. Elise Miller, M. Ed, Director, Collaborative on Health and the EElise Miller, M. Ed, Director, Collaborative on Health and the Environmentnvironment 20.20. Marie Lynn Miranda, PhD. Nicholas School of the Environment, DukMarie Lynn Miranda, PhD. Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke Universitye University 21.21. Curtis Munoz, Kiowa Tribe Environment ProgramCurtis Munoz, Kiowa Tribe Environment Program 22.22. Nsedu Obot Witherspoon, MPH, Executive Director. ChildrenNsedu Obot Witherspoon, MPH, Executive Director. Children’’s Environmental Health Networks Environmental Health Network 23.23. Jonathon Patz, MD, MPH. University of WisconsinJonathon Patz, MD, MPH. University of Wisconsin--MadisonMadison 24.24. Jerome Paulson, MD, FAAP. School of Medicine and Health SciencesJerome Paulson, MD, FAAP. School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, George Washington University 25.25. Jennifer D. Roberts,Jennifer D. Roberts, DrPHDrPH, MPH. Exponent, MPH. Exponent 26.26. Martha S. Sandy, PhD, MPH. California Environmental Protection AMartha S. Sandy, PhD, MPH. California Environmental Protection Agencygency 27.27. Sheela Sathyanarayana, MD, MPH, Seattle Children's Hospital; UniSheela Sathyanarayana, MD, MPH, Seattle Children's Hospital; University of Washingtonversity of Washington 28.28. Barbara Sattler, RN,Barbara Sattler, RN, DrPHDrPH, FAAN, University of Maryland School of Nursing, FAAN, University of Maryland School of Nursing 29.29. Anne TurnerAnne Turner--Henson, RN, DSN, School of Nursing University of Alabama at BirmHenson, RN, DSN, School of Nursing University of Alabama at Birminghamingham

Members, contMembers, cont

¾¾ Current/Former CHPAC members on SABCurrent/Former CHPAC members on SAB standing Committeesstanding Committees zz Maida Galvez, Gary Ginsberg (Exp and HumanMaida Galvez, Gary Ginsberg (Exp and Human

Health)Health)

¾¾ Current/Former CHPAC members on ad hocCurrent/Former CHPAC members on ad hoc committeescommittees zz Henry Anderson, Lynda Knobeloch, John Balbus,Henry Anderson, Lynda Knobeloch, John Balbus,

¾¾ Past LiaisonsPast Liaisons zz Henry Anderson, Melanie MartyHenry Anderson, Melanie Marty

Selection of IssuesSelection of Issues ¾¾ Subjects for review are suggested by EPASubjects for review are suggested by EPA

zz Ideas come from EPA officesIdeas come from EPA offices zz Ideas come from Office of ChildrenIdeas come from Office of Children’’s Healths Health

Protection staffProtection staff ¾¾ Subjects for review are suggested by CHPACSubjects for review are suggested by CHPAC

zz Members discuss interests with the DesignatedMembers discuss interests with the Designated Federal Official (Martha Berger), the chair, and otherFederal Official (Martha Berger), the chair, and other membersmembers

¾¾ EPA selects topics in consultation with CHPACEPA selects topics in consultation with CHPAC zz EPA staff discuss potential projects with CHPACEPA staff discuss potential projects with CHPAC

steering committee (chair and task group chairs)steering committee (chair and task group chairs)

Work is completedWork is completed……..

¾¾ In plenary sessions (three times/year)In plenary sessions (three times/year) ¾¾ ThroughThrough ““Task GroupsTask Groups”” with an explicit chargewith an explicit charge

developed by OCHP staffdeveloped by OCHP staff zz Members of the task group selected from among theMembers of the task group selected from among the

CHPAC membersCHPAC members zz Limit of three groups at one timeLimit of three groups at one time zz May be supplemented with nonMay be supplemented with non--CHPAC membersCHPAC members

¾¾ PartneringPartnering zz CHPAC members have served with other federalCHPAC members have served with other federal

advisory committees on joint tasksadvisory committees on joint tasks

Recommendations madeRecommendations made……..

¾¾ Consensus letters written to theConsensus letters written to the administratoradministrator

¾¾ Reports developed by Task Groups with aReports developed by Task Groups with a cover letter containing recommendationscover letter containing recommendations

¾¾ Verbal interaction with EPA staff duringVerbal interaction with EPA staff during plenary sessionsplenary sessions

History of RecommendationsHistory of Recommendations ¾¾ Overall: 73 letters to the EPA administratorOverall: 73 letters to the EPA administrator

(1998 to 2010)(1998 to 2010) ¾¾ Early on, CHPAC posed questions to EPAEarly on, CHPAC posed questions to EPA ¾¾ Soon, members researched issuesSoon, members researched issues ¾¾ More recently, reports on audits of programsMore recently, reports on audits of programs ¾¾ Strong history of comment on:Strong history of comment on:

zz Risk assessment methods (cancer, exposure)Risk assessment methods (cancer, exposure) zz Regulations (lead, air, water standards)Regulations (lead, air, water standards) zz EPA research agendaEPA research agenda zz Partnerships that would better inform science andPartnerships that would better inform science and

carry out protective actionscarry out protective actions

Past ActivitiesPast Activities ¾¾ Sample of topicsSample of topics

zz Risk assessment methods (cancer, exposure)Risk assessment methods (cancer, exposure) zz Regulations (lead, air, water standards)Regulations (lead, air, water standards) zz EPA research agenda and funded centersEPA research agenda and funded centers zz Climate changeClimate change zz ChildrenChildren’’s health indicatorss health indicators zz Schools environmentsSchools environments zz Farm worker childrenFarm worker children

¾¾ Specific substancesSpecific substances zz Lead, PBDE, mercury,Lead, PBDE, mercury, perchlorateperchlorate, ozone, ozone

Past ReportsPast Reports

Recently Completed ActivitiesRecently Completed Activities

¾¾ Input to EPA for the new federalInput to EPA for the new federal interagency childreninteragency children’’s task forces task force discussiondiscussion zz Asthma disparitiesAsthma disparities zz Chemical managementChemical management

¾¾ SchoolSchool SitingSiting Guidelines report to EPAGuidelines report to EPA zz Developed model guidelines andDeveloped model guidelines and

recommended to EPArecommended to EPA

Current ActivitiesCurrent Activities

¾¾ Task Group on Prenatal IssuesTask Group on Prenatal Issues zz Critical periodCritical period zz Advice for physiciansAdvice for physicians

¾¾ Task Group on Indoor EnvironmentsTask Group on Indoor Environments zz Includes schools, day caresIncludes schools, day cares zz Indoor air quality, other exposuresIndoor air quality, other exposures

¾¾ Environmental Health IndicatorsEnvironmental Health Indicators zz EPA ACE report 3EPA ACE report 3

Future InterestsFuture Interests

¾¾ Additional School GuidelinesAdditional School Guidelines zz Construction and operation guidelinesConstruction and operation guidelines zz Members interested in issues from indoorMembers interested in issues from indoor

environment to school nutrition programsenvironment to school nutrition programs

¾¾ Chemical managementChemical management zz Focus on early life risk assessment, VCCEP,Focus on early life risk assessment, VCCEP, ChAMPChAMP zz Focus on consumer products for childrenFocus on consumer products for children

¾¾ Comment on risk assessment methods in NASComment on risk assessment methods in NAS ‘‘silver booksilver book’’

Other Areas of InterestOther Areas of Interest ¾¾ AsthmaAsthma

zz Racial and economic disparitiesRacial and economic disparities ¾¾ NanoparticleNanoparticle risk assessmentrisk assessment

zz NanomaterialsNanomaterials used in childrenused in children’’s productss products ¾¾ Radiation health risksRadiation health risks

zz Medical radiationMedical radiation zz Radiofrequency radiation and childrenRadiofrequency radiation and children’’s use ofs use of

wireless deviceswireless devices ¾¾ Endocrine disrupting chemicalsEndocrine disrupting chemicals

zz inin uteroutero and multigenerational effects ofand multigenerational effects of EDCsEDCs

Other Areas of InterestOther Areas of Interest ¾¾ Gulf oil spillGulf oil spill

zz Impact on health of cleanImpact on health of clean--up workers and areaup workers and area residentsresidents

zz Assurances needed on health of pregnant womenAssurances needed on health of pregnant women and childrenand children

¾¾ ChildrenChildren’’s health and climate changes health and climate change ¾¾ Air pollutionAir pollution ¾¾ Lead StandardsLead Standards

zz Lead paintLead paint zz Lead in water in schoolsLead in water in schools

Other Areas of InterestOther Areas of Interest

¾¾ Exposure Assessment MethodsExposure Assessment Methods zz ChildrenChildren’’s exposures unique to child behaviors exposures unique to child behavior

¾¾ DoseDose--response Assessment Methodsresponse Assessment Methods zz Low dose effect in early life such as mammaryLow dose effect in early life such as mammary

gland development (e.g., BPA low dosegland development (e.g., BPA low dose exposures)exposures)

¾¾ Cancer Risk Assessment GuidelinesCancer Risk Assessment Guidelines zz Age dependent cancer potencyAge dependent cancer potency zz Mutagenic mode of actionMutagenic mode of action

Areas of Mutual ConcernAreas of Mutual Concern ¾¾ "Supplemental Guidance for Assessing Susceptibility"Supplemental Guidance for Assessing Susceptibility

from Earlyfrom Early--Life Exposure to Carcinogens" (letter 2007)Life Exposure to Carcinogens" (letter 2007) zz 2004 SAB review (EPA2004 SAB review (EPA--SABSAB--0404--003):003):

•• "Certain groups of non"Certain groups of non--mutagenic carcinogens with known modes ofmutagenic carcinogens with known modes of action serve as important examples in support of applying a defaaction serve as important examples in support of applying a defaultult factor to nonfactor to non--mutagenic carcinogens when the mode of action ismutagenic carcinogens when the mode of action is unknown. (SAB suggests) apply a default approach to bothunknown. (SAB suggests) apply a default approach to both mutagenic and to nonmutagenic and to non--mutagenic chemicals for which mode ofmutagenic chemicals for which mode of action remains unknown or insufficiently characterized."action remains unknown or insufficiently characterized."

zz Current EPACurrent EPA mutagenicitymutagenicity framework establishes a high bar toframework establishes a high bar to conclude mutagenic mode of action (MMOA)conclude mutagenic mode of action (MMOA)

•• Age dependent potency adjustments (ADAF) only used for MMOAAge dependent potency adjustments (ADAF) only used for MMOA carcinogenscarcinogens

zz SAB and CHPAC recommend default use of ADAF for protectingSAB and CHPAC recommend default use of ADAF for protecting against early life exposure to carcinogens.against early life exposure to carcinogens.

Areas of Mutual ConcernAreas of Mutual Concern

¾¾ Examine whether each EPA human healthExamine whether each EPA human health assessment that comes to the SABassessment that comes to the SAB adequately characterizes early lifeadequately characterizes early life exposure and toxicityexposure and toxicity zz Are standard set of childhood age groupsAre standard set of childhood age groups

used?used? zz Are early life exposures adequatelyAre early life exposures adequately

described?described? zz Is early life doseIs early life dose--response considered?response considered?

Areas of Mutual ConcernAreas of Mutual Concern

¾¾ "Science and Decisions: Advancing Risk"Science and Decisions: Advancing Risk Assessment" NAS report of currentAssessment" NAS report of current interest due to upcoming EPA staffinterest due to upcoming EPA staff discussion on implementationdiscussion on implementation zz CHPAC interested in recommendations thatCHPAC interested in recommendations that

affect assessing risks from early lifeaffect assessing risks from early life exposures and risks to childrenexposures and risks to children’’s healths health

MembersMembers’’ Questions for SABQuestions for SAB

¾¾ Does the EPA SAB interact with otherDoes the EPA SAB interact with other federal agency science advisory groups?federal agency science advisory groups?

¾¾ Does the SAB include pediatric healthDoes the SAB include pediatric health specialists and the perspective that suchspecialists and the perspective that such specialists bring?specialists bring?