CHP. 23AN ERA OF SOCIAL

CHANGE

IN THIS CHAPTER YOU WILL LEARN ABOUT THE QUEST FOR RADICAL CHANGE

INITIATED BY MANY GROUPS IN THE 1960S.

LEARNING GOALSEssential Question

•Why did social protests and calls for change sweep across the U.S. in the 1960s?

Objectives• Explain how Latinos and Native

Americans confronted injustices.• Describe the motivations behind

the women’s movement.• Point out the ways in which the

counterculture challenged traditional American values.

LATINOS & NATIVE AMERICANS SEEK EQUALITY

• Cesar Chavez• Organized a union for California’s mostly Spanish-

speaking farm workers.

• United Farm Workers Organizing Committee• Union formed in 1966 for higher wages & better

working conditions for Mexican-American farm workers in California.

• American Indian Movement• Militant organization formed in 1968 to work for

Native American rights.

WOMEN FIGHT FOR EQUALITY• Feminism

• Belief that women should have economic, political, & social equality with men.

• National Organization for Women• Organization to pursue feminist goals, such as better childcare

facilities, improved educational opportunities, & end job discrimination.

• Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)• Failed amendment to U.S. constitution that would have prohibited

any gov’t discrimination on the basis of sex.

• Betty Friedan• Author of The Feminine Mystique

• Phyllis Schlafly• Led movement against ERA suggesting it would lead to broken

homes, fathers not paying for kids, and more abortions.

CULTURE & COUNTERCULTURE• Counterculture• Young people rejected mainstream American

society in the 1960s, seeking an alternative society based on peace, love, and individual freedom.

• Haight-Ashbury• San Francisco neighborhood became “capital” of

hippie counterculture.

• The Beatles• British band that had an enormous influence on

pop music in the 1960s.

• Woodstock• Free music festival in New York attended by

400,000 people in August 1969.