Chlorine Incidents
-
Upload
jerome-daniel -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
0
Transcript of Chlorine Incidents
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
1/23
PROPERTIES:
•
Gas
• Green yellowish colour
• Suffocating smell
• About two and a half times heavier than air
• Is soluble in water
• Its aqueous solution is called chlorine water,which consists of a mixture of chlorine,hydrochloric acid, and hypochlorous acid
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
2/23
USES
Safe drinking water.
Compounds: Sanitation, pulp bleaching,
disinfectants, and textile processing.
Manufacture of chlorates and it is important in
organic chemistry, forming compounds such as
chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, polyvinyl chloride,
and synthetic rubber.
Dyestuffs, petroleum products, medicines,
antiseptics, insecticides, foodstuffs, solvents, paints
and plastics.
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
3/23
HEALTH EFFECTS
TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled or absorbed through skin.
Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severeinjury and/or frostbite.
Runoff from fire control may cause pollution
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
4/23
FIRE OR EXPLOSION
Substance does not burn but will support
combustion.
Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than
air and spread along ground.
These are strong oxidizers and will react vigorously
or explosively with many materials including fuels.
May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing,
etc.).
Some will react violently with air, moist air and/or
water.
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
5/23
FIRE OR EXPLOSION
Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release toxicand/or corrosive gas through pressure relief devices.
Containers may explode when heated.
Ruptured cylinders may rocket.
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
6/23
PUBLIC SAFETY
CALL EMERGENCY RESPONSE Telephone Number
on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper notavailable or no answer, refer to appropriate
telephone number listed on the inside back cover.
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolatespill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet)
in all directions.
Keep unauthorized personnel away.
Stay upwind.
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
7/23
PUBLIC SAFETY CONT’D
Many gases are heavier than air and will spread alongground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers,basements, tanks).
Keep out of low areas.
Ventilate closed spaces before entering
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
8/23
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus(SCBA).
Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically
recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little orno thermal protection.
Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited
protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spillsituations where direct contact with the substance ispossible
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
9/23
EVACUATION
Spill
• See Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action
Distances.
Fire
• If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire,
ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions;
also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2mile) in all directions.
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
10/23
FIRE - Small Fire
CAUTION: These materials do not burn but willsupport combustion. Some will react violently withwater.
Contain fire and let burn. If fire must be fought,water spray or fog is recommended.
Water only; no dry chemical, CO2 or Halon®.
Do not get water inside containers.
Move containers from fire area if you can do itwithout risk.
Damaged cylinders should be handled only byspecialists.
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
11/23
FIRES INVOLVING TANKS
Fight fire from maximum distance or use
unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of wateruntil well after fire is out.
Do not direct water at source of leak or safety
devices; icing may occur.
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
12/23
SPILL OR LEAK
Fully encapsulating, vapor protective clothingshould be worn for spills and leaks with no fire.
Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away
from spilled material.
Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
13/23
SPILL OR LEAK
Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor
cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact
spilled material.
Do not direct water at spill or source of leak.
If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas
escapes rather than liquid.
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
14/23
FIRES INVOLVING TANKS CONT’D
Withdraw immediately in case of risingsound from venting safety devices or
discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in
fire.
For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders ormonitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdrawfrom area and let fire burn.
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
15/23
FIRES INVOLVING TANKS CONT’D
Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements orconfined areas.
Isolate area until gas has dispersed.
Ventilate the area
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
16/23
FIRST AID
Move victim to fresh air.
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim
ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificialrespiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped
with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory
medical device.
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
17/23
FIRST AID CONT’D
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Clothing frozen to the skin should be thawed before
being removed.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and
shoes.
In case of contact with substance, immediatelyflush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20
minutes.
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
18/23
FIRST AID CONT’D
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s)involved and take precautions to protect themselves.
T SO T O OT CT CT O
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
19/23
INITIAL ISOLATION AND PROTECTIVE ACTION
DISTANCES
SMALL SPILLS
(From a small package or small leak from a largepackage)
FIRST ISOLATE IN ALL
DIRECTIONS
THEN PROTECT PERSONS DOWNWIND DURING
DAY NIGHT
METERS FEET KILOMETERS MILES KILOMETERS MILES
30 100 .1 .1 .2 .1
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
20/23
LARGE SPILLS
(From a large package or from many small
packages)
FIRST ISOLATE IN ALL
DIRECTIONS
THEN PROTECT PERSONS DOWNWIND DURING
DAY NIGHT
METERS FEET KILOMETERS MILES KILOMETERS MILES
150 500 .8 .5 2.3 1.4
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
21/23
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
22/23
-
8/17/2019 Chlorine Incidents
23/23
Prepared by Acting F.S.O. Isaac
Source: Emergency Response Guidebook & Internet