THE GOVERNMENT AND THE ENVIRONMENT, ALONG WITH

ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS

Chirag Tamboli

National Institutes of Health (NIH) The NIH is part of the US Health and Human

Services It is made up of 27 institutes and centers NIH is the largest source of funding for medical

research in the world This agency is a medical research agency that

makes important discoveries that improve health and save lives

They also to use this research to enhance health, lengthen lifespan, and reduce the burdens of illness and disability

http://www.nih.gov/about/mission.htm

NIH Continued This is the primary agency that does health and

biomedical research The goal of NIH research is to acquire new knowledge to help

prevent, detect, diagnose, and treat disease and disabilities They try to find new knowledge that will lead to better health

for everyone They try to learn about the nature and behavior of living

systems They research cures to various diseases that currently have no

cures such as cancer and HIV They also to use this research to enhance health,

lengthen lifespan, and reduce the burdens of illness and disability

Land and Water Conservation Act 1965

This was legislation designed to regulate access to land for the use of American citizens for the betterment of their health

The purpose is to assist in preserving, developing and allowing accessibility to outdoor recreation resources

It was established to prevent too much private ownership of land

This act emphases the recreation and the protection of parks and protected forest and wildlife areas for public usehttp://www.thecre.com/fedlaw/legal3/lwcfact.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_and_Water_Conservation_Fundhttp://knowledge.sagepub.com/view/environment/n610.xmlhttp://www.nationalaglawcenter.org/assets/crs/RL33531.pdf

THE AGENCIES

Forest Service It is part of the US Department of Agriculture Manages public lands in national forests and

grasslands, as well as forestry research Roles:

Protection and management of natural resources on National Forest System lands

Research on all aspects of forestryCommunity assistance/cooperation with State

governments & forest industries to help manage non-Federal forest and watershed lands to improve conditions in rural areas

http://www.fs.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsinternet/!ut/p/c5/04_SB8K8xLLM9MSSzPy8xBz9CP0os3gjAwhwtDDw9_AI8zPwhQoY6IeDdGCqCPOBqwDLG-AAjgb6fh75uan6BdnZaY6OiooA1tkqlQ!!/dl3/d3/L2dJQSEvUUt3QS9ZQnZ3LzZfMjAwMDAwMDBBODBPSEhWTjJNMDAwMDAwMDA!/?navtype=BROWSEBYSUBJECT&cid=fsmrs_100573&navid=140000000000000&pnavid=null&ss=119995&position=Welcome.Html&ttype=detail&pname=Forest%20Service%20-%20Educator%20Toolbox

National Resources Conservation Service The mission is to improve, protect, and conserve

natural resources on private lands through a cooperative partnership with state agencies

They focus on ensuring that private lands are conserved, restored, and more resistant to environmental challenges like climate change.

They give assistance to landowners that is designed to benefit the soil, water, air, plants, and animals that result in productive lands and healthy ecosystems

http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/national/about

National Marine Fisheries This agency is responsible for the nation's living marine

resources and their habitat They are tasked with the management, conservation, and

protection of living marine resources within the US Exclusive Economic Zone (water three to 200 mile offshore).

They Assess and predict the status of fish stocks Ensure compliance with fisheries regulations Work to reduce wasteful fishing practices Recover protected marine species

They also work with communities on fishery management issues, how to create sustainable fisheries, and to prevent lost economic potential from overfishing or habitat degradationhttp://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/aboutus/aboutus.html

National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) This agency is focused on the conditions of

the atmosphere and ocean It observes and manages the Earth’s systems Understanding the Earth’s systems through research

Understanding of climate, weather, oceans, ecosystems, human activities, and their relationships

Understanding of the processes that govern the ocean Assessment of ecologically and economically important coastal

and oceanic regions Research on ecosystem impacts, processes, and dynamics

Predicts changes in the Earth's environment Provides data and forecasts for weather and water events Advises and informs the public with important informationhttp://www.ppi.noaa.gov/enterprise-objectives/

Civilian Radioactive Waste Management The purpose of this agency is to timely dispose the

nation's nuclear waste and spent nuclear fuel in the proper place. They dispose of it in a way that:Protects the health and safety of the public and the

workersMaintains the quality of the environment surrounding the

disposal. They create man-made underground storage facilities

that comply with regulations They oversee research and testing intended to ensure

the safety, performance and efficiency of these siteshttp://healthfinder.gov/orgs/HR2766.htmhttp://www.allgov.com/departments/department-of-energy/office-of-civilian-radioactive-waste-management?agencyid=7408

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy This agency accelerates development and

deployment of energy efficiency/ renewable energy technologies.

They try to strengthen U.S. energy security, environmental quality, and economic vitality

They research new forms of energy and increase their adoption by American consumers, industry, and governments

They develop new forms of energy to reduce dependence on foreign oil

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/office_eere/

Environmental Management The mission of this office is to complete the safe

cleanup of five decades of nuclear weapons development and government-sponsored nuclear energy researchThey are concerned with the:Construction and operation of facilities to treat radioactive

liquid tank wasteTransportation and the disposing of low-level wastes in a

safe way to reduce riskDecontamination and the decommission of outdated

facilities Isolation and cleanup of soil or water that is contaminated

with hazardous waste or radioactive materialhttp://www.em.doe.gov/Pages/Mission.aspx

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

The role of this agency is to regulate the interstate transmission and sales of natural gas, oil, hydroelectric power and electricity

This agency inspects private, municipal, and state hydroelectric projects, pipelines, storage area, and other facilities

It also maintains the reliability of high voltage transmission systems and enforces regulations and requirements

http://www.ferc.gov/about/ferc-does.asphttp://www.ferc.gov/about/overview.asp

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry The mission of this agency is to promote healthy and safe environments

and to prevent harmful exposures to toxic substances Protect the public from environmental hazards and toxic exposures

This agency investigates and prevents health effects related to human exposures to environmental hazards

They respond to natural and man-made disasters and emergencies Research

They collect, analyze, and summarize data on environmental exposures and health

They develop and implement environmental public health programs They also educate communities and policy makers about environmental

health risks and protective measures

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/about/mission_vision_goals.html

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) The goal of the CDC is to control and prevent the

spread of diseases, and to protect public health and safety by providing information to enhance health decisions

They monitor health, detect and investigate health problems, and develop and advocate sound public health policies.

They conduct research to improve prevention of diseases and to promote healthy behavior

They also prepare for new health threats that may threaten survival and population

http://www.cdc.gov/about/organization/mission.htm

National Institutes of Health (NIH)

This agency is a medical research agency that makes important discoveries that improve health and save lives

This is the primary agency that does health and biomedical research The goal of NIH research is to acquire new knowledge to help

prevent, detect, diagnose, and treat disease and disabilities They try to find new knowledge that will lead to better health for

everyone They try to learn about the nature and behavior of living systems They research cures to various diseases that currently have no

cures such as cancer and HIV They also to use this research to enhance health, lengthen

lifespan, and reduce the burdens of illness and disability

http://www.nih.gov/about/mission.htm

Environmental Measurements Laboratory This agency is now the Science and

Technology Directorate in the US Department of Homeland Security

They test, evaluate, and analyze homeland security capabilities and strengthen America’s security and resiliency by providing knowledge products

They also evaluate new and old technologies and systems

http://www.dhs.gov/science-technology-directorate-mission-goals-and-objectiveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_Measurements_Laboratory

Office of Healthy Homes and Lead Hazard Control This agency was established to eliminate lead-based

paint hazards in homes They also address other hazards that threaten home

residents such as asbestos They provide funds to state and local governments to

develop cost-effective ways to reduce lead-based paint hazards

Another role of this agency is to enforce standards of the Department of Housing and Urban Development for lead based paints

They may also conduct studies and research on lead based paints

http://portal.hud.gov/hudportal/HUD?src=/program_offices/healthy_homes

Bureau of Land Management (BLM)

The mission of this agency is to sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of the nation's public lands

They also regulate activities such as hunting, fishing, boating and shooting

They collect geographic information, maintain records of land ownership, and protect cultural lands

This agency may also develop certain areas for renewable energy production, coal mining, oil extraction, or offshore drillinghttp://www.blm.gov/wo/st/en/prog/energy.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureau_of_Land_Management

Fish and Wildlife Service The role of this agency is to work with other

agencies to conserve, protect and enhance fish, wildlife and plants and their habitatsThey enforce federal wildlife lawsThey protect endangered speciesThey may help manage the populations of migratory

birdThey try to protect disappearing wild habitats such as

wetlands and swamps Another role of this agency is to help educate the

public about fish and wildlife concernshttp://www.fws.gov/help/about_us.html

Geological Survey (USGS) This agency is mainly a scientific organization

that provides information on the health of our ecosystems and environmentThey provide information about hazards, natural

resources, and the impacts of climate change They try to describe and understand the

Earth and its systems They also manage water, biological, energy,

and mineral resources

http://www.usgs.gov/aboutusgs/

Mineral Management Service Now the Bureau of Ocean Energy

Management, Regulation and Enforcement This agency managed the nation's natural

gas, oil, and other mineral resources on the outer continental shelf

http://www.boem.gov/About-BOEM/index.aspx

National Park Service The role of this agency is to maintain,

preserve, and manage all national parks and national monumentsThey also administer:○ National Heritage Areas○ National Wild and Scenic Rivers○ National Historic Landmarks○ National Trails

They also conserve the historical objects and wildlife in the national parks

http://www.nps.gov/aboutus/index.htm

Office of Surface Mining, Reclamation, and Enforcement This agency attempts to protect society and the

environment from the harmful effects of surface coal mining operations

They also try to balance the nation’s need for continued domestic coal production and the protection of the environment

They directly enforced mining laws and arranged cleanups, but now state governments do that

They try to advance research about reclaiming mined lands and environmental protectionThey promoted planting treesThey also established wildlife habitat refuges

http://www.osmre.gov/aboutus/Aboutus.shtm

Mine Safety and Health Administration

The goal of this agency is to prevent death, disease, and injury from mining and mine operation

They also promote safe, healthy workplaces They regulate and enforce mining standards

laws, health standards, and safety standardsThey do this to:○ Reduce accidents○ Reduce the severity of accidents○ Minimize health hazards

http://www.msha.gov/AboutMSHA.htmhttp://www.msha.gov/faq/faqhome.htm

Environmental Protection Agency

This agency’s mission is to protect human health and also the environment

They try to protect humans from risks to human health and the environment where they live and work

They create and enforce regulations about issues of the environment They also maintain national standards

They often consult states, tribe, and local governments to create laws

They want to: Take action on climate change Improve air quality Protect waters Cleanup communities

http://blog.epa.gov/administrator/2010/01/12/seven-priorities-for-epas-future/http://www.epa.gov/aboutepa/

Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission This agency reviews and inspects mines It also reviews and decides cases under the

Mine Act These cases may involve questions, challenges

by operators to citations, orders, and penalties that they have received from the Mine Safety and Health Administration

http://www.fmshrc.gov/fmshrc.html

The Environmental Laws (In Order)

Green: LandLight Blue: AirDark Blue: WaterRed: Biodiversity/ lifeGold: EnergyPurple: Waste/Waste DisposalMagenta: Human Related

National Park Service Act 1916 This law established the National Park

Service It was formed because there was lack of

guidelines about managing U.S. national parks

The National Park Service is responsible for protecting the 35 national parks and monuments and those yet to be established

http://www.nps.gov/aboutus/history.htm

Soil Conservation Act 1935 This Act forces every landholder to take

correct measures to prevent soil loss and soil deterioration or to mitigate the soil loss wherever it has occurred

It also allowed the government to tell farmers to conserve soil at the expense of agricultural yield

It also established the Soil Conservation Service

http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/acts6138http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0410/36362.html

Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, Rodenticide Act 1947 It established procedures for registering

pesticides with the US Department of Agriculture

This act also regulates pesticide sale, use, and distributionThe EPA must regulate pesticides to protect

human health and preserve the environment It also forced companies to provide proper

labels

http://www.epa.gov/oecaagct/lfra.htmlhttp://www.epa.gov/lawsregs/laws/fifra.html

Clean Air Act 1955 This was the first federal legislation

involving air pollution. It gave the government funds for federal

research in air pollution It told the public that air pollution was

dangerous to human and environmental health

This act does not have anything about controlling air pollution yet

http://epa.gov/air/caa/caa_history.html

Fish and Wildlife Act 1956 This act created the US Fish and Wildlife

Service It directed a program of research on fish

and wildlife matters It established a policy with importance on

the fishing industry but also less importance on fishing for pleasure

http://www.digitalvaults.org/record/1074.htmlhttp://www.animallaw.info/statutes/stusfd16usc742a_742j.htm

Price-Anderson Act 1957 This act limits the liability of the nuclear

industry if there is a nuclear accident in the United States

This act ensured that there were large funds available for damages for the nuclear industry if an accident ever happenedThis included power generating reactors, test

reactors, and research reactors This act was temporary, but is now

permanent

http://www.eoearth.org/article/Price-Anderson_Act_of_1957,_United_States

Wilderness Act 1964 This act clearly defined “wilderness” It protected 9 million acres of federal land

Created a way for Congress to protect lands by labeling them as protected wilderness

This act created the National Wilderness Preservation System It protects about 110 million acres of wilderness

areas throughout the nation.The reserved lands are for public use and

enjoymenthttp://wilderness.org/article/wilderness-act

Water Resources Planning Act 1965

It was set up to establish agencies that would overlook the creation and protection of water resources and locations.

It established the Water Resources CouncilThe Council studied and assessed the water supplies

The River Basin Commission was established for the development of water in a specific area

In 1981, funding to the Water Resources Council and to the River Basin Commission was terminated because of poor results

http://www.ehow.com/about_6617179_water-resources-planning-act.html

Water Quality Act 1965 It required states to establish and enforce

water quality standards for interstate waterwaysStates were to create their own standards and

submit it to the Secretary of the InteriorThe standards had to improve the quality of

interstate waters for use as public water supplies, fish and wildlife, recreation, agriculture, and industry

http://hanneby.com/2011/08/what-is-water-quality-act-1965-us/

Land and Water Conservation Act 1965

This was legislation designed to regulate access to land for the use of American citizens for the betterment of their health

The purpose is to assist in preserving, developing and allowing accessibility to outdoor recreation resources

It was established to prevent too much private ownership of land

This act emphases the recreation and the protection of parks and protected forest and wildlife areas for public usehttp://www.thecre.com/fedlaw/legal3/lwcfact.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_and_Water_Conservation_Fundhttp://knowledge.sagepub.com/view/environment/n610.xmlhttp://www.nationalaglawcenter.org/assets/crs/RL33531.pdf

Species Conservation Act 1966 This act was passed in an attempt to prevent

the further endangerment or extinction of animal species in the USIt also the government to help endangered animal

populations to grow.These animals were to be protected whenever

possibleThis act also differentiated between endangered

and threatened animalsEndangered species were given protection under

the lawhttp://library.thinkquest.org/26026/Politics/endangered_species_act.html

Freedom of Information Act 1966

This act is a federal law that usually provides that any person has a right to get access to federal agency records

All federal agencies are required to make requested records availableThis is not true if the records are protected from

release by one of nine Freedom of Information Act exemptions

This act only applies to federal agencies

http://www.epa.gov/lawsregs/laws/foia.html

National Trails System Act 1968

This act established national trails systemThese trails were established to provide

additional outdoor recreation and to promote the preservation of access to the outdoor and historic areas of the United States

National Scenic Trails○ Provide outdoor recreation and enjoyment of

scenic, historic, natural, or cultural qualitiesNational Historic Trails ○ Travel routes of national historic significance

http://www.americantrails.org/resources/feds/NatTrSysOverview.html

National Environmental Policy Act 1969

This law establishes a framework for protecting our environment

All the branches of government have to give proper consideration to the environment before making any action that will affect the environment

Environmental consideration is given when airports, buildings, military complexes, highways, parkland purchases, and other federal actions are plannedhttp://www.epa.gov/lawsregs/laws/nepa.html

Marine Mammal Protection Act 1972

This act forbids the killing, hunting, capture, or disturbance of any marine mammal in United States Waters, except for the exceptionsAll marine mammals are protected under this

actIt also forbids the feeding, nursing, breeding,

and sheltering of marine mammals

http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/laws/mmpa/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_Mammal_Protection_Act_of_1972

Endangered Species Act 1973 The purpose of this act was start the

conservation of species that are endangered to threatenedEndangered: species is in danger of extinction

Threatened: the species is likely to become an endangered species in the immediate future

1,990 species are listed under this act National Marine Fisheries and the US fish

and wildlife service are responsible for administering this act

http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/laws/esa/

Renewable Resources Planning Act 1974 This act forces the Secretary of Agriculture to

conduct an evaluation of the Nation's renewable resources every 10 years

This evaluation included:Analysis of the potential effects of climate change on

renewable resourcesA discussion of laws and regulationsA description of Forest Service programs and

responsibilitiesAn analysis of supply and demand of renewable

resourceshttp://nrs.fs.fed.us/fia/topics/rpa/

Safe Drinking Water Act 1974 The reason behind this act is to protect the

quality of drinking water in the U.S It authorizes the EPA to set standards for

drinking water qualityIt requires all owners or operators of public

water systems to comply with these standardsThis act also establishes standards for

underground water sources

http://www.epa.gov/lawsregs/laws/sdwa.html

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species 1975 The goal of this convention is to ensure that

international trade of wild animals and plants does not threaten the survival of the species in the wild

Participation in this convention is not mandatory

All imports and exports of species covered by the Convention has to be approved through a permitting system

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CITEShttp://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/wildlife-trade/publications/factsheets/cites.html

Federal Land Policy and Management Act 1976 This act governs the way in which the public

lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management are managed

It focuses on the management, protection, development, and enhancement of the landsThe purpose is to balance land conservation

with land use and land development

http://rlch.org/content/federal-land-policy-and-management-act

Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act 1976 The act approves long-term planning by the

United States Forest Service to ensure the future supply of forest resources while maintaining a quality environmentIt requires and assessment and a US Forest

Service plan Amendment to Forest and Rangeland

Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest_and_Rangeland_Renewable_Resources_Planning_Act_of_1974

National Forest Management Act 1976

The purpose of this law is to protect the biodiversity of forestsIt allows for public involvement in forest

planning and management This act allows land development and

logging but also allows for conservation and protection

Wood cannot be harvested where it is likely to negatively affect soil or water quality

http://www.blackwarriorriver.org/national-forest-management-act.html

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 1976 This act gives the Environmental Protection Agency

the power to control dangerous waste disposal.Disposal includes○ Transportation to disposal site○ Treatment of waste ○ Proper storage of the waste○ Proper disposal of the waste

This also established disposal standards It set goals for protecting human health and the

environment from the hazards of waste disposal and ensuring waste disposal in an environmentally friendly way

http://www.epa.gov/lawsregs/laws/rcra.htmlhttp://www.epa.gov/agriculture/lrca.html

Soil and Water Conservation Act 1977

This act gives the US Department of Agriculture strategic assessment and planning authority for the conservation, protection, and enhancement of soil, water, and similar natural resources

This act gives power to:Evaluate the status and trends of soil/ waterEvaluate current and needed programs, and policiesCreate a national soil and water conservation

program

http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/national/technical/nra/rca

Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act 1977 This act gives the government the power to

regulate mining activityIt allows the rehabilitation and reclamation of

abandoned minesIt also sought to protect society and the

environment from the negative effects of mining coal

http://www.eoearth.org/article/Surface_Mining_Control_and_Reclamation_Act_of_1977,_United_States

Arctic Conservation Act 1978 The act tried to enforce a set of new rules

relating to drilling and wildlife in Antarctica It establishes Antarctica as an international

reserve for the conduct of science, education, and human experience

This act applies to all U.S. citizens, U.S. corporations, and people who participate in U.S. government expeditions in Antarctica,

http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/background/NSF/acasum.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctic_Conservation_Act

Energy Tax Act 1978 The purpose of this act is to shift from

petroleum and oil to energy conservation, renewable energy, and energy efficiency

This act gave income tax credits to those who use alternative forms of energy

This act also taxed people who used cars below twenty three miles per gallon mileage

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_Tax_Act

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act 1980 “Superfund” This law created a tax on the chemical/

petroleum industries and provided federal authority to respond directly to releases of harmful materials that may threaten public health or that of the environment

It:Established requirements concerning abandoned

hazardous waste sitesCreated a trust fund to provide for cleanup when no

responsible party could be identifiedhttp://www.epa.gov/superfund/policy/cercla.htm

Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act 1980

This act says that fish and wildlife are of ecological, educational, cultural, recreational, economic, and scientific value to the US

This act promotes the conservation of non-game fish, wildlife, and their habitats

http://el.erdc.usace.army.mil/emrrp/emris/emrishelp5/fish_and_wildlife_conservation_act_legal_matters.htm

Low Level Radioactive Policy Act 1980

This act gave each US state the responsibility of developing a method of disposing of their own radioactive wasteLow Level radioactive waste can consist of

gloves, goggle, and radioactive material with relatively short half-lives

http://www.eoearth.org/article/Low-Level_Radioactive_Waste_Policy_Act_of_1980,_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-level_radioactive_waste_policy_of_the_United_States

Nuclear Waste Policy Act 1982 The purpose of this act was to use deep,

underground geologic repositories for the safe storage and disposal of radioactive wasteYucca Mountain was the first geologic repository

This act created procedures and timetables for site selection

The Department of Energy must build and operate the repository for spent fuel or waste

It also allowed the EPA to set standards for the containment of the waste

http://www.epa.gov/lawsregs/laws/nwpa.html

International Environmental Protection Act 1983 This act allows the President to assist

countries in protecting and maintaining wildlife habitat

It also allows the president to develop, maintain, and enforce:Sound wildlife management and plant

conservation programsWildlife sanctuaries, reserves, and parksAnti-poaching measures

http://wildlifelawnews.com/fedbook/intepa.html

Food Security Act 1985 This act is designed to discourage the

conversion of wetlands into non-wetland areas for farmersIt also set pesticide limits in foodAll active and inactive ingredients must be

screened for estrogenic/endocrine effects

http://www.thecre.com/fedlaw/legal14coast/food_security_act_of_1985_legal_matters.htmhttp://apenvirotuttle.wikispaces.com/EnvironmentalLaws

Emergency Wetlands Resources Act 1986 This act approved the purchase of wetlands

from Land and Water Conservation Fund money

The secretary must establish a National Wetlands Priority Conservation Plan and must report to Congress about wetland loss

States are required to include wetlands in their Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plans

http://www.fws.gov/laws/lawsdigest/EMWET.HTML

Montreal Protocol 1987 The Montreal Protocol is an international

agreement to cut the emissions of CFCs (and other materials) that damage the ozone layer

It allowed for the phasing out of the production of substances believed to be responsible for ozone depletionCFC’sAerosolsHydrochlorofluorocarbonsHydrofluorocarbons

The protocol has undergone seven revisionshttp://ozone.unep.org/new_site/en/montreal_protocol.phphttp://apenvirotuttle.wikispaces.com/EnvironmentalLawshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montreal_Protocol

Ocean Dumping Ban Act 1988 This act made it unlawful for any person to

dump or transport for the purpose of dumping sewage sludge or industrial waste into ocean waters. This is limited to ocean waters within a certain

distance of the US coast

http://www.epa.gov/history/topics/mprsa/02.htmlhttp://apenvirotuttle.wikispaces.com/EnvironmentalLaws

Madrid Protocol 1989 It designates Antarctica as a natural reserve It establishes environmental principles for the

conduct of all activities and prohibits mining Provides for the establishment of a Committee

for Environmental Protection It requires the development of plans to respond

to environmental emergencies It also provides for the expansion of rules

relating to liability for any environmental damage.http://www.antarctica.gov.au/antarctic-law-and-treaty/the-madrid-protocolhttp://apenvirotuttle.wikispaces.com/EnvironmentalLaws

Lacey Act 1990 This act makes it unlawful for any person to

import, export, transport, sell, receive, acquire, or purchase any fish, wildlife, and plants taken, possessed, transported, or sold in violation of any law, treaty, or regulation of the United States

http://www.animallaw.info/statutes/stusfd16usca3371.htm

Environmental Education Act 1990

This act established the office of environmental education within the EPA to develop and administer a federal environmental education programThe office is required to develop and support

environmental programs in collaboration with other federal natural resource management agencies

http://www.fws.gov/laws/lawsdigest/ENVEDUC.HTML

Pollution Prevention Act 1990 This act is designed to focus industry,

government, and public attention on reducing the amount of pollutionChanges in production, material choice, and

operation can reduce pollution

http://www.epa.gov/lawsregs/laws/ppa.html

California Desert Protection Act 1994

This act designated certain lands in the California Desert as wilderness, to establish Death Valley, Joshua Tree, and Mojave National Parks, and for other purposes.Designated 69 wilderness areas as additions to

the National Wilderness Preservation System within the California Desert Conservation Area

http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/103/s21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Desert_Protection_Act_of_1994

Food Quality Protection Act 1996

This act amended the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act and the Federal Food Drug, and Cosmetic ActThe EPA completely changed the way it

regulated pesticidesNew stricter standards were imposedThere was a complete reassessment of pesticide

tolerance valuesMandated a health-based standard for

pesticides used in foods

http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/regulating/laws/fqpa/

Kyoto Protocol 1997 The Kyoto Protocol set binding obligations on the

member industrialized countries to reduce their emissions of greenhouse gases

191 countries have signed and ratified it; US has not signed itThe countries have committed themselves to reduce

emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide

Requires the participating 38 developed countries to cut their greenhouse gas emissions back to 5% below 1990 levels

http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/items/2830.phphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyoto_Protocolhttp://apenvirotuttle.wikispaces.com/EnvironmentalLaws