Dalian Medical University Bachelor in Dental and Surgery BDS

Course Description Chinese Language Course Name: Chinese Main contents: The object of the Mandarin Course is the foreign students whose mother language is non-Chinese, the aim is to cultivate the professionals in mandarin who can satisfy the international society’s need, and obtain comprehensive ability. Through studying mandarin enables the students to obtain solid mandarin language ability and verbal communicative ability, to learn Chinese tradition and social culture, especially the culture of Chinese Medicine, to grasp the basic methods of medicine literature searches in Chinese and searching other sources, so as to get the elementary ability to do medical research and work in Chinese. Medical Chemistry Course Name: Medical Chemistry Course contents: 1.Fundermental Chemistry -Theory part includes: thermochemistry, the electronic structure of atoms, chemical bonding, molecular structure, solutions, spontaneity of reaction, chemical equilibrium, rate of reaction, precipitation reaction, acid-base equilibrium, complex ions and coordination compounds, electrochemical cells and cell voltages, analytical chemistry introduction etc. Experiment part includes: practice on analytic balance, titration training, purification of chemical substance, identification of ions etc. 2. Organic Chemistry - Mainly introducing: (1) nomenclature, molecular structure, isomerism of general organic compounds: hydrocarbons, organic halogen compounds, alcohols, phenols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acids derivatives and et al; (2) classification, nomenclature, structure and chemical properties of organic biological compounds: amines, other organic nitrogen and sulfur compounds, lipids, carbohydrates, amino acids, peptides and protenins; (3) important organic reaction mechanism: free radical chain reaction, electrophilic addition, electrophilic substitution, nucleophilic addition, nucleophilic substitution, elimination, aldol condensation, oxidation-reduction,esterification, mutarotation and so on. Organic experiments include: (1) detection of organic compounds; (2) separation and purification techniques of organic compounds: distillation, crystallization, column chromatography and thin-layer chromatography, isolation of Caffeine from tea (3) organic synthesis: preparation of acetanilide, preparation of isopentyl acetate and preparation of benzoic acid. Textbooks: 1. Fundamental Chemistry. 2. Experiments in Fundamental Chemistry. The textbooks are edited by Lin sandong, Dalian Medical University. 1. Organic Chemistry. 2. Problems and Solutions for Organic Chemistry. 3. Organic Experiments. The textbooks are edited by Li Mingyang, Dalian Medical University. Reference books: 1. Chemical Principle. Third edition. Steven S. Zumdahl. Houghton Mifflin Company.

Boston. 2. Fundamentals of Chemistry. Second edition. Rod o’cornor. Harper & Row, Publishers. New York.

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1. Introduction to Organic Chemistry. Fourth edition. Andrew Streiwieser, jr.

Macmillan Publishing Company. New York. 2. Organic and Biochemistry. Third edition. Denniston KJ, Topping JJ, Carrer R.

McGraw-Hill. 3. Introduction to Organic Laboratory Techniques. Second edition. Donald L.Pavia.

Saunders College Publishing. Philadelphia. Human Anatomy Curriculum Name: Human Anatomy

Contents: 1. General Anatomy: Basic tissues to body, Terminology & Nomenclature 2. Elements of Anatomy: Astrology, Arthrology, Myology, Angiology, Neurology 3. Regional Anatomy: Upper limb, Lower limb, Thorax-including diaphragm Abdomen and Pelvis, Head, Neck,

Brain and Spinal cord. 4. Human Genetics: Principles of Human genetics and Molecular biology 5. Radiological Anatomy: Skiagrams, Special X-rays, Principles of imaging techniques. 6. Surface Anatomy: In cadavers, in the living 7. Sectional Anatomy: Thorax, Abdomen, Head, Neck and Brain 8. Applied Anatomy: Curriculum Introduction in Brief: Systematic Anatomy is the basic medical science dealing with morphology and structures of normal human body. The course introduces all the organs of body according to systems. It requires that the students learn the name of the organs and structures, their location, external features, inner structures and main functions, and the origin course branches and distributions of blood vessels and nerves. This subject not only provide the basis for other basic medical sciences such as Histology, Physiology, Pathology and Pharmacology etc, but also for the clinical medical sciences such as surgery, internal medicine, pediatrics and gynecology and obstetrics etc. Regional Anatomy is the medical science which deals with human morphology further than Systematic Anatomy. Human body is divided into the head, the neck, the thorax, the abdomen, the pelvis and perineum, the upper limb and the lower limb. Regional Anatomy demands that students learn the layers, the spatial interrelations of the structures in a region, and students should dissect cadavers. Regional Anatomy make students better understand morphology and structures of human body and provide useful knowledge for the clinical medicine. Text book: Human Anatomy (Eighth Edition), Chief Editor: Wang Yunxiang, jilin science and technology

press, 2005-1 (for five year course Chinese textbook) Human Anatomy (Third Edition), Chief Editor: Fang Xiubin, jilin science and

technology press, 2002-7 (for seven year course English textbook) Regional Anatomy (Fifth Edition), Chief Editor: Wang Genben, People’s Hygiene press, 2003 (Chinese Textbook)

Regional Anatomy (Third Edition) Chief Editor: Wang Huaijin, Jilin science and technology press 2004 (English Textbook)

Reference Books: Cunnigham, Manual of Practical Anatomy, Volumes I, II and III E.L.B.S.Edition; E.and S. Livingstone, Grants's Method of Anatomy; or Churchill Livingstone, R.J. Last, Anatomy, Regional and Applied; orHarold Ellis, Clinical Anatomy, Blackwell Scientific Publications;

Computer Course Name: Computer

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Contents: This course is given to the students aboard. With the development of the computer technology, computer has been used widely in the medical institution, people work as doctors or nurses will need more and more computer technology in the future. This course will introduce the knowledge which will be needed in their future job to the medical students. The course includes: 1. the components of a computer: input devices、output devices、system unit、storage devices、

communications devices etc. 2. computer software: system software、application software、software development. 3. networks and the Internet: the history of the Internet、how the Internet works、the world wide web

etc. 4. categories of computers: personal computers、mobile computers and mobile devices、supercomputers

etc. 5. application software: Word、Excel、Access、PowerPoint etc. 6. computer application in society: education、finance、government、science especially health care.

According to the fact that the most students will be engaged in medical institution in the future, the course will also introduce the medical application software such as epicure、Epi Ifo page etc. The specific emphasis will be on the actual application, each theory lesson will be followed with one computer-experiment lesson, students will be asked to grasp what they have learned by actual operator.

Through this course, students should grasp the hardware structure and work principle of the computer; be familiar with the operating system; be acquaint with office、 program designing、network、database、multimedia etc, furthermore students should operating computer familiarly. Each student will be assessed separately and their program will be tailored to their specific needs within the above options. This course will introduce computer knowledge to students which will be need in their studies、daily lives and future jobs. Used book: Computers, Communications, and Information, xiaoFeng, Dalian Medical University 2004 Reference books: 1．Computers, Communications, and Information, A User’s Introduction (Seventh Edition) Sarah E. Hutchinson, Stacey C. Sawyer，2001.4 2．Discovering computers, Gary B. Shelly, Thomas J. Cashman, Misty E. vermaat, 2004. Histology & Embryology Curriculum Name: Histology and Embryology Contents: 1. Embryology: Development of individual organs and systems

Postnatal growth & development 2. Histology General Histology Curriculum Introduction in Brief: Histology is a science that deals with the microstructures and the relevant function of the human body. It studies the microstructures of human cells. Tissues and organs with all kinds of experimental techniques, staining methods and various microscopes. The contents of this science include cells, basic tissues, organs and systems. Embryology is the branch of science studying the genesis, the growth and the development mechanism of human individual. Its contents involve gametogenesis, fertilization, fetal development, fetal-maternal relations, as well as congenital deformity. Textbooks: (1) Histology and Embryology, edited by Zou zhongzhi, People’s Medicine Publishing

House (Five year system using) (2) Histology and Embryology, edited by Gao yingmao, People’s Medicine Publishing

House. (Seven-year system using) (3) Histology and Embryology, edited by jilianhong, People’s Medicine Publishing House

(Five year system using)

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(4)《Concise histology》 Bloom and Fawcett's，Oxford University Press Inc,New York,USA,2002

(5).《TEXTBOOK OF HISTOLOGY》 (Fifth Edition) C.Roland Leeson, Thomas S. Leeson, W.B. Saunders Company, 1985

(6).《Human Embryology》( Second Edition) KEITHL.MOORE, M.Sc, W.B. Saunders Company 1982

(7).《Histology》 (Fourth Edition) Thomas S. Leeson, W.B. Saunders Company, 1981 (8).《Basic Histology》 (2nd Edition) Luis C.Junqueira, LANGE Medical Publications, 1977 Cell Biology Curriculum Name: Cell Biology Contents: Cell biology is the vital role during progress of life science. The cell structure and the rule of life activities were studied on three levels-whole, ultra- structure and molecule in cell biology. Cell biology is also a continuously developing subject, in this territory, progress and renovation in knowledge structure was rapid. Cell biology also interacts and integrates with other branches of modern biology and play a key role in medical education as a required course. In cell biology, content as follow will be interpreted: content and progress in cell biology; cell biological technique; researches on biological membrane, cell organ, nucleus, chromosome and gene expression; cytoskeleton system; cell proliferation and differentiation and regulation; aging and death of cell and regulation of these process; regulation of signal transduction; researches on stem cell and cell engineering and so on.

Textbook: (1) <<Cell Biology>> edited by Lin Yeping, The people health publishing company.

(2) <<Cell Biology>> edited by Song Jindan, The people health publishing company. Prepared Subjects for studying in cell biology:. Reference: 1. Cell biology, edited by Zhai Zhonghe, published by Higher Education Press. 2000 2. Molecular biology of the cell, edited by Han Yiren, published by Higher Education Press. 2000 3. Molecular Biology of the Cell, edited by Arberts, B. et al, Garland Science, 4th Edition, 2002 4. Cell and Molecular Biology--Concepts and Experiments, edited by Karp, G. et al, Inc., New York, Third

Edition, 2002 5. The World of the Cell, edited by Becker W.M.et al, published by The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing

Company, 4th Edition, 2000 Biochemistry Course Name: Biochemistry Contents:

1. Cell and Sub-cellular structures 2. Hydrogen Ion concentration Acid, Bases, Buffers, Handerson-Haselbach equation 3. Isotopes and their Application 4. Carbohydrates 5. Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins 6. Lipids 7. Nuclear Acids 8. Enzymes 9. Vitamins 10. Biological Oxidation 11. Digestion and Absorption from GI Tract 12. Intermediary Metabolism 13. Carbohydrate Metabolism

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14. Lipid Metabolism 15. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism 16. Purine and Primidine Metabolism 17. Minerals 18. Biochemical Genetics and Protein Biosynthesis 19. Tissue Biochemistry 20. Liver Functions 21. Nutrition and Energy Metabolism

Curriculum Introduction in Brief:

Biochemistry is the study of life on the molecular l evel.Therefore, biochemistry, as the name implies, is the chemistry of life. Life, at its most basic level, is a biochemical phenomenon including two basic characteristics: self-refresh (metabolism) and self-replication and self-assembly (expression and transmission of genetic information). The 21st century is an era of life science. Lots of wonders are being created, and explosive information is being provided at an unprecedented speed. Biochemistry is a window opening to the world of life science. Thus, the knowledge of biochemistry which involves the study of chemical molecules and reactions in living organisms, and the elucidations of the nature of live phenomenon on the molecular level, is essential to medical students, as well as to the students of other related disciplines. As is known to all, when biochemistry is taught in English, it will be double-beneficial to the students, for they get trained in their professional language while learning biochemical knowledge. This is not only significant to students who want to expand their knowledge from other sources written in English apart from the Chinese versions, but also helpful to the students who are going to pursue their scientific career in the future. We have firm belief in this from many years’ experience of ours in teaching “All-English” class. There are four contents in the chemistry: the structures and functions of biomacromolecules; the metabolism of substrates and their regulations; expression and transmission of gene information; comprehensive topics. The theory textbooks are teaching Program of Biochemistry and Molecular biology edited by zhao Bao-chang and yang qiu. The experiment book is experimental biochemistry for medical undergraduates edited by Xu Yue-fei. Textbooks: Biochemistry and Molecular biology edited by zhao Bao-chang and yanqiu.Jilin Science Press.The experiment book is experimental biochemistry for medical undergraduates edited by Xu Yue-fei. Dalian Medical University Press Reference books: 1.Berg J M，Tymoczko J L，Stryer L. 2002. Biochemistry. 5th Edition. New York：W.H. Freeman Publishers 2. Chytil F, Mccmick D B .1986. Vitamins and coenzymes. New York： New York Halsted Press 3. Harold A. Harper, Review of Physiological Chemistry, Lange California; 4.Devlin T M.. 2002. Textbook of Biochemisrty with Clinical Correlations, New York: Wiley-Liss 5. Robert K. Murray, Daryl K. Granner, Peter A. Mayes，et al. 2000. Harper’s Biochemistry. 25th Edition. Stamford：McGraw-Hill Physiology Course Name: Physiology Contents:

1. General Physiology 2. Body fluids - Blood 3. Nerve and Muscle 4. Gastrointestinal Tract 5. Kidney

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6. Skin and Body temperature 7. Endocrine Glands 8. Reproduction 9. Cardiovascular System 10. Respiratory System 11. Central Nervous Systems 12. Special Senses

Curriculum Introduction in Brief:

Physiology is a branch of biology; it is a science to study the normal function of organs or organ systems of living body. Physiology is a science which aims at rule of the life activity and function of the constitutive parts of organism as studying object. Physiology is a important and basic course of medicine. It is also one of the medical compulsory basic subjects and what it tells learner is the component parts of the medical license examination.

As medical students, on the basis of knowing the normal function of organs of human body, they could understand the changes of function under different diseases, and take a feasible strategy to reach therapeutic aim. This subject consists of theoretical and experimental lessons .The former mainly talks about the function and regulation of cell, blood, circulation, respiration, digestion, energy metabolism, kidney, sense organ, nervous system, endocrine system, and reproduction. The latter is involved in primary physiological experiment in order to improve students’ practical ability.

Text Books: <Human Physiology> edited by Yan Jianqun published by Science press. Prepared Subjects for studying in physiology: Systematic Anatomy, Histology and Embryology. Reference: 1.Human physiology: from cells to systems, edited by Sherwood, Lauralee, published by Pacific Grove,

CA: Brooks/Cole, 2002 2. Physiology, edited by Costanzo, Linda S, published by Philadelphia: Saunders, 1998 3. Human physiology: the mechanisms of body function, edited by Vander, Arthur J. Sherman, James H.

Luciano, Dorothy S., published by New York: McGraw-Hill Pub. Co., 1990 W. F. Ganong-Lange, Review of Medical Physiology, Medical Publishers; Samson Wright, Applied Physiology, Oxford University Press (ELBS);

Microbiology Course: Medical Microbiology Contents:

1. General Microbiology 2. Immunology 3. Bacteriology 4. General Virology 5. Systemic Virology 6. Mycology 7. Parasitology 8. Clinical / Applied Microbiology

Curriculum Introduction in Brief:

Medical microbiology is to study the etiology microbiology properties related to medical science, and the science of the interaction among the human body and the etiology microorganism under certain environmental condition. Medical Microbiology, as a branch of microbiology, is a basic course of medical students. It is about basic characteristics of bacteria, viruses and fungi, and the differences among them. It consists of parts: the fundamental tenets of microbiology and the concrete composition of microorganisms. The first is about the biological characteristics, the infection and immunity, the heredity and variation, and

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the pathological diagnosis, prevention and treatment. The second focuses on both the biological system and the clinical transmission route, expounding the biological features in microbes’ (such as prokaryote, eukaryote, and a cellular) morphology and structure, in their growth and reproduction in their heredity and variation, the effects of physical, chemical and biological factors, the pathogenesis and immunity, the microbiological diagnosis, and the principles of prevention and treatment of microbiological disease. Text Books: Jawetz, Melnick & Adelberg’s Medical Microbiology (Twenty-Third Edition), Chief

Editor:Geo.F.Brooks, Production: McGraw-Hill Prepared classes: Biochemical, Physiology, Histology and Embryology, Anatomy. Reference Books: Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th Edition), Chief Editor: Kenneth J. Ryan, C. George

Ray, McGraw-Hill, Ananthanarayanan and C.K Jayaram Paniker, Text Book of Microbiology, Orient Longman. Morag C Timbury, Notes on Medical Virology, Churchill Livingstone; J.P Duguid, B. P Marmion & R.H.A Swain, Medical Microbiology Volume 1 Churchill Livingstone,

J.D Sleigh and Morag C. Timbury, Medical Bacteriology, Churchill Livingstone; Immunology Course: Medical Immunology Contents: The course of medical immunology is focused on the essence of the immunology, including

brief introduction of the history of immunology, immunoglobulin molecules, complement system, cytokines, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, HLA, stem cells, lymphocytes, mononuclear and macrophages, antigens, B cell mediated serum immunity, T cell mediated cell immunity, immunology tolerance regulation, hypersensitivity, autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases, immune deficiency, tumor immunity, transplantation immunity, immune diagnosis and immune therapy.

Text Books: Immunology, P. M .Lydyard, A. Whelan, & M. W. Fanger, Bio scientific publishers limited Reference Books: Cellular and Molecular Immunology Abul K. Abbas, Andrew H. Lichtman

Fifth Edition Beijing University Medical Press ImmunologRichard A. Goldsby, Thomas J. Kindt, Barbara A. Osborne Fourth Edition W. H. Freeman and Company. New York

Preparatory course: systematical anatomy, histology and embryology, physiology, biochemistry Parasitology Course Name: Human Parasitology Course contents: Medically important protozoa: Amoebae, Giardia, Trichomonas, Balantidium, Blastocystis, microsporidia, Plasmodium, Cryptosporidium, Sarcocystis, Pneumocystis, Isospora, Babesia, Toxoplasma, Trypanosoma, Leishmania, other relevant protozoal parasites. Medically important nematodes: Ascaris, Necator, Ancylostoma, Toxocara, Trichuris, Enterobius, Strongyloides, Wuchereria, Brugia, Loa, Onchocerca, Dirofilaria, Dracunculus, Trichinella, Angiostrongylus, other relevant nematode parasites. Medically important cestodes: Taenia, Hymenolepis, Echinococcus, Diphyllobothrium, Dipylidium, other relevant cestodes. Medically important trematodes: Fasciola, Fasciolopsis, Clonorchis, Paragonimus, Schistosoma, other

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relevant trematodes. Curriculum Introduction in Brief: Human Parasitology is a science studying those parasites that are of medical importance. It is an important part of Parasitology. It studies on relationship and interactions of both parasite-host and parasite-environment. Human Parasitology incorporates functional morphology and fine structures of some important parasites, physiology, classification, life cycles and general characteristics of disease causing parasites of human being. The course also deals with chemotherapeutic regimens which may prove useful to prospective students interested in medicine. The objectives are to study the way or the measurement of parasitic diseases prevention and control. The course encompasses the general principle of Parasitology, medical protozoology, medical helminthology, medical arthropodology, laboratory technique and antiparasitic drugs. As an important part of biological etiology, human Parasitoloy is a basic course of medical education, which usually comprised in preventive medicine, clinical medicine and medical technique. Text Books: 《Human Parasitology》, Chief editor: cuiyu, Dalian Medical University Publishing House. H.W.Brown and D.L.Belding Basic Clinical Parasitology, Appletion - Century

-Crofts(latestedition) Ralph Muller, Worms and Disease, (latest edition), William Heinemann Ivan M.Roitt, Essential Immunology, (latest edition), Blackwell

Preparatory course: Human anatomy；microbiology；immunology；Physiology Medical Statistics Course Name: Medical Statistics Course contents: This course is mainly instruct the following contents: Central tendency and dispersible tendency of numerical variable data, normal distribution and its application, estimation and hypothesis test of population mean. Descriptive statistics of categorical data, binomial distribution, Poisson distribution and its application. Chisquare test, rank sum test. Regression and correlation, statistical table and chart, medical population statistics. Text Book: Medical Statistics, Chief Editor: Ma binrong, people’s health press. Pathology Course Name: Pathology Contents:

1. Cell injury 2. Inflammation and Repair 3. Immunopathology 4. Infectious diseases 5. Circulatory disturbances 6. Growth disturbances and Neoplasia 7. Nutritional and other disorders 8. Genetic disorder 9. Haematology 10. Cardiovascular Pathology 11. Respiratory Pathology 12. Pathology of Kidney and urinary Tract 13. Hepato-Biliary Pathology 14. Lymphoreticular System / Spleen 15. Reproductive System (male & female)

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16. Diseases of the Breast 17. Musculoskeletal System 18. Endocrine pathology 19. Neuropathology 20. Dermato-Pathology 21. Ocular Pathology

Curriculum Introduction in Brief: Pathology is the foundation of clinical sciences. The course aims at instructing students in the following two parts of Pathology. 1) General pathology is concerned with the basic reactions of cells and tissues to abnormal stimuli that underlie all diseases.

2) Systematic pathology deals with the various diseases as they affect particular organs or systems. The four aspects of diseases that form the core of pathology are etiology, pathogenesis, morphologic changes and clinical significance. Students are requested to be familiar with the lectures, practical lessons supplemented by the suggested literature from the textbook. Students are obliged to attend the autopsy and histology practical, organ demonstrations and end semester tests. In doing so it hopes to help students arrive at a more complex understanding of diseases and to pave the way for the further clinical study. Text Books: Pathology (sixth edition) Chief Editor: Li Yulin People’s Hygiene press, 2004(for five year

course Chinese textbook) A Textbook of Pathology (first edition), Chief Editor: Tang Jianwu Jilin science and technology press, 2005(for seven year course English textbook)

Pre-majored courses: Systematic Anatomy, Histology and Embryology. Reference Books: Robbins Basic Pathology, 7th ed. Kumar V, Robbins SL, (eds) Cotran RS, Saunders, Philadelphia, 2003 Robert Muir, Edward Arnold, Munir's text book of Pathology , London W.A.D. Anderson, Pathology, Vol.1 & 2, C.V.Mosby Company, Payling Wright and W.S.C.Symmers, Systemic Pathology'Vol. 1, Longmans, England. R.C.Currain, Colour Atlas of Histopathology; W.G.Barnard, Elementary Pathological Histology, Lews, London E.H.Gray, Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Edward Arnold, London General and Systematic Pathology, 4th ed. Underwood JCE (ed). Churchill Livingstone, Edinburg, 2004 Pathophysiology Course Name: Pathophysiology Course contents:

Pathophysiology is a science to study the laws on occurrence, development and outcome of disease and related mechanisms. It concern about alteration in function and metabolisms caused by disease to present experimental and theoretical basis for prevention and therapy of disease.

The development of disease has its objective law, which could be elucidated more correctly by dialectical point of view, such as the viewpoint of that all things invariably divide into two, the viewpoint of the struggle, identity and transformation of contradictions etc.

Medical students learn the normal functions of organs and normal cellular metabolism in the courses of physiology and biochemistry. In the course of pathophysiology they will learn the alterations of function and metabolism and their mechanism in diseases, and their expression in patients. So, pathophysiology is meant to bridge the gap between the basic sciences as separated disciplines and whole patient in whom knowledge of these disciplines can be integrated to explain clinic disease. It provides students with a solid understanding of states of disease and health, and also discusses the body’s adaptation

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to disease to help future learning and practice. Text Books: Pathophysiology (sixth edition) Chief editor:Ji Huiming People’s Hygiene

press, 2004( for five year course Chinese textbook ) Pathophysiology (first edition) Chief editor:Chen Zhuchu People’s Hygiene press, 2004( for seven year course Chinese textbook ) Pathophysiology ( first edition ), Chief editor: Wang Jianzhi People’s Hygiene press, 2005( for seven year course English textbook )

Reference Books:

1. Essentials of Pathophysiology. Chris E. Kaufman, Patrick A. Mckee. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer Company. 2002,1

2. Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease (Hardcover) by Ramzi S. Cotran, Vinay Kumar, Tucker Collins, Stanley L. Robbins

3. Pathophysiology For The Health Professions , by GOULD, BARBARA E. (SCHOOL OF HEALTH SCIENCES, SENECA COLLEGE OF APPLIED ARTS AND TECHNOLOGY, TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA)

Pharmacology Course Name: Pharmacology Contents:

1. General Pharmacology 2. Autonomic Nervous System 3. Cardio-vascular System 4. Diuretics 5. Drugs affecting blood and blood formation 6. Autacoids and related drugs 7. Respiratory System 8. Gastro-intestinal System 9. Endocrine pharmacology 10. Central Nervous System 11. Psychopharmacology 12. Drugs in Anaesthetic practice 13. Chemotherapy 14. Toxicology 15. Clinical Pharmacology and Rational drug use

Curriculum Introduction in Brief:

Pharmacology is an international forum to present and discuss current perspectives in drug research. The journal communicates research in basic and clinical pharmacology and related fields. It covers biochemical pharmacology, molecular pharmacology, immunopharmacology, drug metabolism, pharmacogenetics, analytical toxicology, neuropsychopharmacology, pharmacokinetics and clinical pharmacology.

It is the study of drugs - what they are, how they work and what they do. It includes the study of the manner in which the function of living tissues and organisms is modified by chemical substances and the study of the effect of chemical agents on living processes.

The pharmacology course is taught in a multi-quarter format in our University . Topics for the course include basic principles of pharmacology, autonomic pharmacology, analgesic pharmacology, autacoid agents and respiratory pharmacology, cardiovascular pharmacology, endocrine pharmacology, gastrointestinal pharmacology, chemotherapy of infection, and central nervous system pharmacology.

The Department of Pharmacology of Dalian Medical University is a very exciting and stimulating environment in which to study, or carry out research. Research across the Department is underpinned by diverse and complementary expertise, with major thematic areas being: Pharmacokinetics, cardiovascular

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pharmacology, biochemical pharmacology and researches on Traditional Chinese Medicine. We are also proud of our track record in student training. There are formal lectures, conferences, small

group activities, pharmacology laboratory experience and a written report. Within this broad scientific framework, students are encouraged to develop individually-tailored programs of study to meet their particular research interests and career objectives. We emphasize research, students begin hands-on work in a research laboratory earlier in the second year. Many of our graduates have gone on to become academic and industrial leaders in biomedical research throughout the country. Textbook:《Fundamental Medical Pharmacology》Editor in chief :Lin Yuan, Published by JiLin

Technological Publishing House Reference Books: D.G. Grahame-Smith and J.K Aronson, The Oxford Text book of clinical pharmacology and drug therapy, Current Edition, Oxford University Press; H.C. Gilles, H.J. Rogers., R.G. Speclor, J.R. Trounce., A text book of Clinical Pharmacology, Current Edition, Hodder and Stoughton; P. Turner, A. Richens, P. Rutledge., Clinical Pharmacology, Current Edition, Churchill Livingstone; Hygiene Course Name: Hygiene Contents

1. Evaluation of Public Health and Concepts of Health 2. Environment and Health 3. Health Education 4. Nutrition and Dietetics 5. Occupational Health 6. Medical Sociology and Community Mental Health 7. Fundamentals of Biostatics 8. Basic Epidemiology 9. Epidemiology of Specific Diseases 10. Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases 11. Demography 12. Reproductive and Child Health 13. School Health 14. Urban Health 15. Health System in India 16. Health Planning and Management including Disaster Management 17. International Health

Curriculum Introduction in Brief:

1) explain the principles of sociology including demographic population Dynamics;

2) identify social factors related to health, disease and disability in the context Of urban and rural societies;

3) appreciate the impact of urbanization on health and disease; 4) observe and interpret the dynamics of community behavior ; 5) describe the elements of normal psychology and social psychology; 6) Observe the principles of practice of medicine in hospital and community setting.

At the end of the course, the student shall be able to make use of: 1) Principles of practice of medicine in hospital and community settings and familiarization with elementary nursing practices. 2) Art of communication with patients including history taking and medico-social work.

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Teaching of community medicine shall be both theoretical as well as practical. The practical aspects of the training programme shall include visits to the health establishments and to the community where health intervention programmes are in operation. Reference Books: J.E.Park and K. Park, Text Book of Preventive and Social Medicine, Baharsides

Bhanot, Jablpur, India. The Ordinary Health Worker, Working Guide, Guidelines for Training, Guidelines

for Adaptation, World Health Organization Epidemiology Course Name: Epidemiology Course contents: The course cover the basic knowledge about epidemiology, such as incidence, prevalence, fatality rate, RR, OR, etc .The course also cover several specific study designs, including randomized trials, cohort studies and many other design methods often used in the actual work. The course will teach the students how to find the determinant factors to solve some agent medical accidents, such as SARS, Avian influenza; how to prevent the infectious disease; how to treat people who infected. The course will teach some branches in this field, such as: Clinical epidemiology, environmental epidemiology, medicine epidemiology, occupational epidemiology, molecular epidemiology. The course will introduce the new trend in this field, such as Meta-analysis, evidence based medicine. Books referred (including websites): Gerstman,B.Burt.Epidemiology Kept Simple: An Introduction to Classic and Modern Epidemiology.Hoboken:John Wiley&Sons,1998. Gordis,L.Epidemiology.Philadelphia:W.B.Saunders Company,1996 Stolley,P.and T.Lasky.Investigating Disease Patterns: The Science of Epidemiology. New York: Scientific American Library,1995 http://www.science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih1/diseases/default.htm http://www.pbs.org/fredfriendly/epidemic/ http://www.amnh.org/echibitions/epidemic http://www.cdc.gov/excite/ http://www.ornl.gov/TechResources/Human_Genome/home.html Otolaryngology / ENT Course Name: Otolaryngology Contents:

1. Diseases of the Ear 2. Diseases of Nose and Para Nasal sinuses 3. Diseases of Nasopharynx 4. Diseases of Trachea 5. Oesophagus

Curriculum Introduction in Brief: This course include introduces the basic theory, knowledge and skill for medical student, including the applied anatomy, physiology and examine methods of ear–nose-throat, and diagnosis and treatment of ear–nose-throat disease. Text Book: Otolaryngology (6th edition) edited byTian YQ, published by Peoples health publisher. Preparatory course: medical basis course, diagnostics. Clinical Diagnostics

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Lab Diagnostics Course Name: Laboratory diagnosis Main contents: Laboratory diagnosis is one part of diagnosis medicine. It serves as a bridge between preclinical medicine and clinical medicine. Laboratory diagnosis is a subject that can scientifically utilize laboratory results for clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis, monitoring pathogenetic conditions, observing curative effects and prognosis. Clinical laboratory deal with the samples such as blood, body liquid, secretions, excreta and cast-off cells in vitro by reagent, apparatus and technology. It can take quality control broadly and achieve reliable results or data. According to the above results or data, laboratory diagnosis utilize corresponding clinical informations or other auxiliary examinations, analyse logically and think scientifically. Ultimately, it can provide objective evidence for diagnosis, research and health care. Recently, with the development of the preclinical medicine, clinical medicine, crowd medicine and bioengineering, clinical laboratory also have a tendency to high theory, high technology and high level. As a result, it forms Laboratory Medicine gradually. Laboratory diagnosis mainly includes clinical hematology laboratory diagnosis, clinical chemistry laboratory diagnosis, clinical immunology laboratory diagnosis, clinical microbiology laboratory diagnosis and clinical molecular biology laboratory diagnosis. Today, laboratory diagnosis refresh continuously with the development of some corresponding subjects and laboratory technology. The development of areas such as apparatus automation, reagent diversification, methodology normalization, quality assurance consummation, clinical application of molecular biology, growth of evidence based laboratory medicine and emergence of point of care test can improve and enrich laboratory diagnosis. In clinical practice, laboratory diagnosis can supply evidence for clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis, monitoring pathogenetic conditions and curative effects. It also can offer informations for preventing disease and data for research. Textbook:《Laboratory diagnosis》edited by Wang hongli people’s medical publishing house Medical Imageology Course Name: Medical Imageology Main contents: medical imageology includes diagnostic radiology、ultrasonography、X-ray computed tomography (CT)、magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)、emission computed tomography (ECT)、single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)、positron emission tomography (PET) 、 interventional radiology、picture achiving and communication system (PACS) and molecular imaging. This curriculum consist of general introduction、musculoskeletal imaging、thoracic imaging、heart and great vessel imaging、gastrointestinal imaging、 central nervous system and interventional radiology all together 7 pieces. It mainly introduce the imagine rule 、the imagine examination techniques、the normal imaging features of human body、the basic imaging features in diseases of musculoskeletal system、respiratory system、circulation system、gastrointestinal system and central nervous system, and the image distinguishing features of different imaging equipment in the common diseases were mainly presented ; the imaging alteration analysis and diagnosis essential、 imagine representation and discrimination essentials, including the X-ray, CT, XRI and ultrasound diagnosis were also introduced. At last the interventional radiology was briefly explained. Through the curriculum, clear and abundant imagings of X-ray film、CT and MRI of the common diseases in different systems were presented, and some questions and answers were given to help learning and understanding the contents. Textbook: 1.《 medical imageology》 edited by Enhui Wu (the 5th edition) used for 5-year-study student. The health of people press.2003,12

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2.《medical imageology》 edited by Xuelin Zhang(the first edition) used for 7-year-study student. The health of people press. 2004,08 3.《Fundamentals of Body CT》edited by Webb Brant Helms(the 2nd edition). W.B.Saunders Company. Internal medicine Course Name: Internal Medicine Contents:

1. Clinical Methods in the practice of Medicine 2. Common symptoms of disease 3. Nutrition/Exposure to Physical & Chemical Agents 4. Infections 5. Haematology 6. Respiratory System 7. Cardio-Vascular System 8. Gastro-Intestinal Tract 9. Emergency Medicine 10. Neurological System 11. Nephrology & Urinary system connected to Tissue Disorders 12. Endocrine System 13. Geriatrics

Curriculum introduction in Brief: Internal medicine is one of the most important clinical medical sciences, which is also the base for other clinical subjects. The etiology, mechanism, clinical feature, diagnostic and therapeutic methods of common disease in internal medicine should be teaching systemically. It must be emphasized on the combination of theory and practice throughout the whole teaching process. Theoretic knowledge of basic science should also be taught because it is important to let students know “why it is so”. Heuristic and case discussions are encouraged in class. Students must be trained with logical clinical thinking under the help of teachers. The essence contents of the internal medicine include as followed: 1. Respiratory system diseases: respiratory infection, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, corpulmonal, pleural diseases, lung cancer, respiratory failure and interstitial pulmonary disease, et al . 2. Circulatory system diseases: heart failure, arrhythmia, hypertension, coronary heart disease, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, endocarditis, pericarditis and thrombolysis therapy of thromboembolism, et al . 3. Digestive system diseases: gastritis, peptic ulcer, ulcerative colitis, and primary carcinoma of the liver and liver cirrhosis, et al. 4. Urinary system diseases: general description to glomerular diseases, chronic nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, rrinary tract infection, renal failure, et al. 5Blood system diseases: anemia, iron deficiency anemia, aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, hemolytic anemia, lymphoma, DIC , idiopathic thrombocytopenia ,et al. 6. Endocrine system diseases: metabolically, nutritional diseases and diseases induced by physical or chemical factors, diabetes mellitus, and Simple goiter Hyperthyroidism, grave’s disease, cushing’s syndrome, et al. 7. Connective tissue diseases: general introduction, SLE, rheumatoid arthritis etc. Textbook: <Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine Textbook> by Eugene Braunwald , Anthony S , Fauci , Dennis L , Kasper , Stephen L. Hauser, Dan L. Longo, J. Larry

J Fauci, Isselbacher Publisher: McGraw-Hill Professional Reference Books: J. Macleod, Davidson's Principals and Practice of Medicine Churchill Livingstone

Edition; A.E. Read, D.W. Barriff, R. Langton Hewer, Modern Medicine Pitman, London;

Course Name: Clinical Diagnostics

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Course Contents: This course consists of five chapters: Inquiry and common symptom, Physical diagnosis, Instrumented diagnosis, Medical record and Diagnostic method. Students will understand and master the basic method and the general skill of clinical diagnosis. Textbook: (1) Chen Wenbing, Pan Xianglin. Diagnostics for five-year system 6th ed. Peoples medical

publishing house. (2) Handbook of clinical diagnostic practice (self-compile). Preparatory course: medical basic course Surgery Course Name: Surgery Content:

1. Hemorrhage and shock 2. Fluid, electrolyte and Acid balance, nutrition 3. Skin tumors, burns, skin grafting 4. Arterial diseases 5. Venous diseases 6. Lymphatic and Lymph nodes 7. Wounds 8. Specific and non-specific injections 9. Tumors, Cysts, Ulcers and Sinuses and Fistulae 10. Infections of Hand and Foot 11. Diseases of muscle, tendons, bursa and fascia 12. Hernia 13. Umbilical granuloma, fistula, adenoma 14. Abdominal Wall 15. Face, Teeth, Gums, Mouth, Tongue, Salivary glands, Neck 16. Thyroid Glands, Thyroglossal Tract and Endocrines 17. Breast 18. Sympathetic System 19. Cranio-Cerebral injuries 20. Brain, Nerves 21. Genito-Urinary System 22. Kidneys and Ureters 23. Urinary Bladder 24. Prostrate 25. Urethra 26. Penis, Testis and Scrotum 27. Vasectomy and Reconciliation 28. Cardiothoracic System 29. Oesophagus, Stomach and Duodenum 30. Spleen, Liver, Gall Bladder and bile ducts 31. Pancreas 32. Peritoneum 33. Intestines, intestinal obstruction 34. Appendix 35. Rectum and Anal Canal

Curriculum Introduction in Brief: Surgery is one of most important part of medical science which includes the knowledge and technology of the diagnosis, prevention and treatment about the injury, infection, tumor, deformity, and some other

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diseases and seeks for the causes and development of the diseases. The advanced surgery involves the experimental surgery and the natural basic science. The field of the surgery is relatively to that of internal medicine. Not all surgical diseases need operation although almost of them require surgical involvement. With the advance of the medical science and technology, the surgical territory is developed broadly. Surgery emphasizes on the basic knowledge, fundamental techniques and theories, especially on the principle of combination of the theory with the practice. Everyone will become an excellent surgeon through the basic training and clinical practice. Surgery includes surgery summa and individual theory. The summa mainly lectures the development of surgery, the aseptic technique, the water electrolyte metabolism and imbalance of acid and alkali, the surgical shock, multi-system organ failure, the anesthesia, pre-operative preparation and post-operative processing. Respective discussion of 5 specialized sections contains general surgery, orthopedics, neurosurgery, thoracic surgery, urology and the male reproductive system surgery. Students are expected to possess the diagnosis of common diseases in surgical department and the surgical treatment. Preparatory course: Basic medicine course, Diagnostics. Textbook: Current Surgical Diagnosis & Treatment Edited by: Lawrence W.Way People’s Medical Publishing House Reference Books: J.C. Adams, Outline of Fractures, Churchill Livingstone J.C. Adams, Outline of Orthopaedics, Churchill Livingstone G.Perkins, Introduction: Foundations of Surgery, Churchill Livingstone Charles V.Mann and R.C.G.Russell, Baily & Love's Short Practice of Surgery P.O'Donell, Essentials of Paediatric Surgery, Heinemann Oral Anatomy Oral anatomy and physiology is an important bridge course of professional foundation. Its purpose is to clarify the layers and organ’s morphology of oral, facial and neck, identify their features of structure, and master their rules of functional activities. Use the views of dialectical materialism and historical materialism to expound the anatomy structure, physiological function and clinical applications of oral, maxillofacial, neck and other positions, reflect the new achievements at home and abroad, lay the necessary foundation for the learning of other basic courses and clinical courses of oral medicine, these are the main task of this course according to the training objectives of oral medicine in medical colleges. Oral Pathology Oral histology and pathology is an important basic course which applied to oral medicine. Its object is to further elaborate the knowledge about embryology, histology and pathology of organs related to oral and maxillofacial under the basic of general embryology, histology and pathology. The main contents include the development of oral and maxillofacial, the development of teeth, periodontal tissue, oral mucosa, salivary, dental caries, pulpitis, periapical, periodontal disease, oral mucosal disease, jaw disease , non-tumor salivary gland diseases and salivary gland tumors, oral and maxillofacial cysts, odontogenic tumors and other tissues from oral and maxillofacial tumors and tumor-like lesions. Introduce every organ’ development, normal tissue structure, function and these tissue and cells’ pathological changes, etiology and pathogenesis under the condition of disease of oral and maxillofacial, lay a good foundation for the transition to clinical courses, these are the main task of this course. Oral Material Dental materials is a comprehensive interdisciplinary subject in oral medicine, it studies various medical materials’ composition, manufacturing method, properties and uses in oral diseases’ prevention and treatment, it is an important basic science in oral medicine. The students should have comprehensive understanding of oral materials’ basic contents and development trend through the teaching of this subject. Master basic theory and roles in restoration of the discipline, master the commonly used and some special

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materials’ performance, uses and some important composition and use methods, then the students can have the ability to work independently in oral clinical treatment, research or teaching work in future. Oral Medicine Oral science is a clinical discipline which studies the etiology, clinical pathology, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of human dental hard tissue disease, pulpitis, periapical disease, gum disease, periodontal disease and oral mucosal disease. Its object of study is the most common and most occurring oral disease, it is an important course in oral medical education and is one of the three main courses in oral medicine teaching. At present, our education system has almost integrated into the international oral education system, and oral science has differentiated into three subjects, such as dentistry and endodontics, periodontics and oral mucosa diseases. The corresponding national higher medical professional teaching materials, "dentistry and endodontics" "periodontal" and "Oral Diseases" were officially published by the People's Health Publishing House in October 2000 and have been used in all national universities. Currently, we use the latest materials which were published in December 2003, the chief editors are respectively Fan Mingwen, "dentistry and endodontics", the 2nd edition, Cao Caifang, "periodontal", the 2nd edition and Li Bingqi, "oral mucosal diseases", the 2nd edition. Dentistry and Endodontics Dentistry and endodontics is a branch of oral clinical medicine and is an important component of oral science. Dental pulp diseases include dental caries, dental pulp disease, periapical disease and other dental hard tissue diseases. Dentistry and endodontics is a subject which study the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Dental caries is one of the most common disease, dental pulp disease and periapical disease are the common diseases in oral diseases which can cause severe pain in patients. Therefore, the control of diagnosis and treatment of dental diseases is the most basic requirement for the oral medicine students and physicians. The students should master the basic knowledge, basic theory and basic skills through the learning of dental pulp diseases’ basic theories and basic clinical skills training and clinical practice. Cultivate a scientific way of thinking, analysis and problem-solving abilities through the clinical study and case discussion at the same time. Be able to check and diagnosis dental pulp diseases correctly, basic master the treatment methods of common diseases after graduation. Dentistry and endodontics teaching arrangements and time allocation: undergraduate the 6th, 7th semesters, total hours are 112 hours. These include system theory courses, 36 hours, experimental classes, 76 hours.

Periodontics Periodontal diseases include gum disease and periodontitis. Periodontics systematically tells the etiology, clinical manifestations, prognosis and treatment plans, treatment, prevention and effective maintenance of periodontal disease, the relationship of periodontal disease with prosthetics and orthodontics, etc.. The students should have comprehensive understanding of periodontal diseases’ etiology, pathology and clinical manifestations through lectures, teaching, watching instruction videos, modeling operation, internship, internships, etc.; be able to diagnose common gum disease and periodontitis and make correct classification; be able to make comprehensive treatment programs; can master the basic treatment of periodontal disease and implement measures of periodontal diseases’ prevention and health education. Put emphasis on the basic theory, basic knowledge and basic skills training of periodontal disease. Periodontal disease teaching arrangements and time allocation: undergraduate the 7th semester, total hours are 42 hours: including system theory courses, 26 class hours, laboratory classes, 16 class hours. Oral mucosal disease Oral mucosal disease is an independent discipline which systematically studies the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and prevention of oral mucosal disease. Course contents include the disease on oral mucous membrane, the disease on the skin simultaneously or on oral mucous membrane separately, combine with some diseases which origin from ectoderm and mesoderm and the oral manifestations of whole body’s and systemic diseases. The students should master the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of common oral mucosal diseases, be familiar with treatment principles, can make appropriate treatment plans and have basic knowledge about the oral performance characteristics of systems’ diseases through the ways of lectures, noviciate, internship, typical case discussion, etc., oral mucosal diseases teaching arrangements and class hour allocation: undergraduate the 7th semester, total hours are 24 hours, theory class are 20 class hours, experimental class are four hours.

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Oral Surgery Oral and maxillofacial surgery is an important part of oral medicine, it is the subject which mainly studies the prevention, diagnosis and surgical treatment of oral organs, soft tissue, facial various bone, temporomandibular joint, salivary glands, nerves and the some neck diseases. The students should have comprehensive knowledge on the business scope and development trend of oral and maxillofacial surgery through the teaching of this course; master the diagnosis, treatment principles and basic skills of common disease and frequently-occurring disease, then they can have independent work ability initially after graduation and can have better service for the broad masses of patients. The teachers should clarify the law of unity of opposites, such as the overall and local, internal and external causes, function and forms and others correctly according to the professional characteristics in the teaching of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The teachers should understand the position of oral and maxillofacial surgery in medicine from the concept that medicine is a whole, then they can well handle the relationship between the division and collaboration and the relationship between theory and practice correctly; meanwhile they should strengthen the teaching of basic theory and the practice of basic operation, avoid the trend of theory separates from practice or weight practice and light theory, should stress the cultivation of ability in practice (including the theory of self-learning capacities); to be a research type of academic surgeons (academic surgeon). The teachers should properly introduce the contents of integrated Chinese and western medicine related to the business areas of oral and maxillofacial surgery and the latest achievements at home and abroad, especially the knowledge about the basic theory research and a number of emerging science and technology (molecular biology, biomedical engineering ... ...) for the adaptation to the development trend of oral medicine, can reflect the new level of oral and maxillofacial surgery and point out the future direction of students’ efforts. The students should understand that the 21st century is a genetic and gene-based molecular biology era, oral and maxillofacial surgery-related diseases would participate in this area’s research. The treatment modalities and objectives will be fully shifted to the comprehensive sequence-based treatment based on the cooperative group and multidisciplinary. The students should cultivate noble medical ethics and sophisticated medical technology and have the art of service, understand the patient's psychology and needs. The teachers should fully mobilize students’ initiative and creativity in the teaching methods, cultivate their abilities of analyze and solve problems when teaching. The teaching methods should be diversified, clarify the main contents, promote self-study, internships contents include teaching, operation, cases writing, case discussion, modeling, slide and multimedia teaching, etc.. Learn the must-have correct methods of thinking and basic ways of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Basic requirements:

1. Understand the related contents about the introduction of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 2. Consolidate the application anatomy knowledge and clinical examination methods related to oral

and maxillofacial surgery. 3. Master oral and maxillofacial local anesthesia, understand the characteristics of general anesthesia. 4. Master the surgery operation of dental and alveolar surgery. 5. Understand the biological basis of implant surgery, implant surgery and success criteria. 6. Familiar with the characteristics, diagnosis and treatment principles of oral and maxillofacial

infection. 7. Familiar with and master the characteristics, diagnosis and treatment principles of oral and

maxillofacial injuries. 8. Familiar with and master the characteristics and treatment principles of oral and maxillofacial

tumors. 9. Understand and be familiar with the diagnostic methods and treatment principles of salivary gland

diseases. 10. Understand the diagnosis methods and treatment principles of temporomandibular joint disorders

and neurological diseases. 11. Familiar with and master the treatment principles of congenital malformations of oral and

maxillofacial and basic methods of surgical restoration, understand the general surgical operating techniques of acquired deformity defects.

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Prosthodontics Prosthodontics is an important course in oral medicine. It is a subject which uses artificial dental prosthetic restoration or orthodontic treatment equipments to recover or rebuild intrinsic anatomic form and function of oral’s every tissue damage, protect the health of oral and maxillofacial tissues, protect human’s health. It has wide knowledge scope of basic subjects in medical domain, special requirements of technics and technological, has wide cross with science and engineering subjects, it is an important clinical professional course in oral medicine. The students should systematically master the etiology, pathology; diagnostics and repair of dentition defect, dentition absence, oral and maxillofacial defect, etc. The production technology of various common dental prosthetic restorations in theory through lectures, experiments and practice, make a firm foundation for the clinical practice. Orthodontics Orthodontics is a branch subject of dental medicine, it's subject content is the research of the etiology mechanism, diagnosis analysis and the prevention and treatment of malocclusion. It plays an important role on the prevention of dental caries, periodontal disease and temporomandibular joint dysfunction. It can improve the children and young people’s oral health level and further enhance the whole body's health level through the prevention and treatment of malocclusion. Malocclusion malformation is the growth abnormality of children’s occlusion, jaw and face. As five-year medical students in oral medicine, they should understand the basic knowledge of the normal growth and development of craniofacial and oral, master the etiology, classification, inspection and bio-mechanical principles of malocclusion malformation, and further understand and master the diagnosis and orthodontic treatment of malocclusion malformation. Through the study of theoretical knowledge, the training of experimental courses and the clinical practice, the students should master the basic knowledge, basic principles and basic skills of the profession, and can diagnose early malocclusion malformation and carry out preventive orthodontic treatment work independently after graduation, provide necessary advices on the prevention and treatment of common dental abnormalities. It can further cultivate students’ scientific thinking methods, the ability of analyzing and solving problems through case discussions. And lay a good foundation for the re-education of orthodontics and the launch of research work in future. Orthodontics applies to the use of oral medicine’s students with five-year and long educational system, theory courses 50 class hours, experimental courses 30 class hours, compulsory examination courses. The chosen textbook of this subject is the fourth edition of "Orthodontics", people health publishing house. Reference: One Lin Jiuxiang "Contemporary Orthodontics" Chinese medicine science and technology press Two Zeng Xianglong "Orthodontics Straight Wire Technique" China Science and Technology Press. Medical Ethics Clinical Psychology Oral Radiology The third edition of "Diagnostic Imaging" was renamed "Medical Imaging", it reflects that the area of medical imaging has expanded by the continuous progress of science and technology, particularly with the development and application of computer technology, it adds CT, DSA, MRI and other new technologies and methods at the basis of conventional X-ray diagnosis, and medical imaging has become one of the most active and independent clinical disciplines with diagnostic and interventional therapy because the rise of interventional radiology. Modern medical imaging includes the following contents:

1. X-ray diagnostics 2. CT (computed tomography technology) 3. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) 4. DSA (digital subtraction angiography) 5. Interventional radiology 6. Ultrasound imaging

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7. Imaging nuclear medicine X-ray and CT diagnostics will be the main contents of this subject’s teaching, understand the applications of MRI and interventional radiology in this discipline. Introduce the history of the development of medical imaging and the knowledge of basic principles and clinical applications of a variety of medical imaging technologies synoptically. Require students to learn the medical imaging diagnosis and treatment knowledge about the basic lesions of every system and part of the common diseases, in accordance with the four requirements of master, be familiar with, and understand and self-study. The teachers should differentiate what is primary from what is secondary in teaching and the students should have the emphasis in learning. Use the teaching methods of combination of theory lessons with practical lessons to the students. X-ray and CT diagnostics still are the basic contents in the aspects of teaching and assessments because of the more contents and less teaching hours and the transition to the modern medical imaging teaching model gradually. The teachers can make appropriate adjustments according to the actual situation of different professions. Hope to get feedback timely in practice for modification.

The students should understand the application principles, diagnostic value and limits of X-ray and CT diagnosis, the status and development profile in clinical work.

1. Understand the inspection methods, notes before and after inspection and their applications of commonly used X-ray and CT, and can make right choice in clinical work.

2. Learn the methods and the diagnostic principles of observation and analysis of X-ray and CT performances.

3. Be familiar with the image anatomy of normal X-ray and CT of respiratory system, bone and joint system, circulatory system, digestive and urinary systems and nervous system, the X-ray and CT performance of basic lesions.

4. Master the typical X-ray and CT signs of common diseases. 5. Learn the methods and the diagnostic principles of observation and analysis of CT performances. 6. Understand the commonly used examination methods or techniques and clinical applications of

MRI and interventional radiology. You should follow the following principles in teaching: 1. The teaching contents should be concise, and put emphasis on the general and every system's

normal X-ray and CT anatomy and basic lesions’ X-ray and CT performance, focusing on teaching the X-ray and CT diagnosis of common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases.

2. The teachers should carry the principles of combination of theory and practice in teaching process (combine classroom theories with X-ray and CT image data, etc.)

3. Play the leading role of teachers, foster the students' ability to study on their own and mobilize the initiative and enthusiasm of students.

4. The teachers should pay attention to cultivate the students’ abilities of thinking independently, analyze and solve problems, achieve the purposes of teaching and educating. Public-health Dentistry （Preventive dentistry） Preventive dentistry is the subject that studies the common occurrence rules of oral diseases in population and provides preventive measures; maintain oral health of individuals and groups. The contents of the courses includes oral epidemiology; the causes and prevention of dental caries, periodontal disease and oral cancer; dietary nutrition and oral health; the oral health of special populations; the education and promotion of oral health; community oral’s health care and project management; the infection and control of oral health in practice, etc.. Through the process of learning basic theory and basic knowledge and skills, the students should establish new concepts about the health, oral health and the risk factors which affect people’s oral health, establish the social groups’ thoughts about prevention, comprehensive health and provide preventive health services in clinical practice, master the basic methods of investigation analysis and evaluation of people’s oral health condition, and the basic methods of social people’s oral health, make foundation for the cultivation of talents and scientific research of oral medicine. System theory courses 28 class hours. Pediatric Dentistry

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Pediatric dentistry is the medical science which study the pediatric dental systems’ growth and development, health care and disease prevention in the period from fetus to young people. It is targeted to the children and young people who are under the age of 18. Maxillofacial, oral and teeth are in the growth and development stage, and they have their own characteristics not only in anatomical and physiological but also in diseases’ occurrence, development and diagnosis and treatment in childhood. The students must understand and master these characteristics, and then can make correct diagnosis and treatment design to the diseases of children’s dental system. At the same time, they should master the necessary operating skills, such as the children’s oral diseases’ treatment and prevention. In addition, they should understand the development of children’s psychological behavior; master the methods of reception children. The syllabus contents include introduction, growth and development, the anatomy morphology and tissue structure characteristics of teeth, abnormal tooth development, dental caries, dental pulp disease and periapical disease, children's dental trauma, occlusion induction, primary tooth and young permanent teeth extraction. System theory courses 12 class hours.

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