China PwD Student Survey White Paper En

CHINA PWD STUDENT EMPLOYMENTSURVEY WHITE PAPER

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CHINA PWD1 STUDENT EMPLOYMENT SURVEY WHITE PAPER

This white paper’s copyright is jointly reserved by CDPF2

Employment Service Center and IBM. Not for commercial use.

CDPF Employment Service Center

is one of the subsidiary agencies of CDPF, reports to CDPF

Executive Council and take guidance from CDPF education

and employment department, mainly responsible for PwD

employment, training and other related affairs.

IBM (International Business Machines)

IBM, founded 1911 in the United States, is the world's largest

company for information technology and business solutions.

Running business in over 170 countries and regions and nearly

400000 employees world wide. Diversity recruitment has

long been embraced by IBM as a company culture. IBM has

offered job opportunities and an extensive career development

platform to many PwD talents.

1 PwD: People with Disability2 CDPF: China Disabled Persons’ Federation

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02 FOREWORD

04 SITUATIONS AND INTENTIONS

16 DIFFICULTIES AND CHALLENGES

23 WHAT CAN WE DO AbOUT IT

33 AbOUT THIS SURVEY

37 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

CONTENTS

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FOREWORD

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Summer 2009, thousands of special students will graduate from college and join in China’s labor market. They all suffered from some forms of dysfunctions, either physically or mentally. They are PwD students. This small group is easily neglected when put into the 2009 big picture of totally SIX mil l ions of graduates. PwD students, l ike al l graduated youngsters, is in for a harsh labor market and fierce competition. However, as a unique kind, they probably will face more problems than ordinary people could perceive, or even imagine.

Without doubt, we all would like to offer some help.

The CDPF Employment Service Center and IBM jointly lunched a survey at the end of 2008, in an effort to understand the living situation of PwD students, understand their needs and offer practical help. The survey covered fifty eight colleges or universities, and collected data from 225 PwD students. The result will hopefully provide a guideline and some constructive suggestions for the future work of both employers and government.

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SITUATIONS AND INTENTIONS

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Pursue highereducation

13.3％

Others3.3％

Seek jobopportunities

83.1％

83.1% PWD STUDENTS CHOOSE TO SEEK EMPLOYMENT AFTER GRADUATION

83.1% of participants will seek job opportunities after graduation, 13.3% pursue higher education. Among the rest, 1.8% participants choose to start their own business.

Situations and Intentions

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1.8% PWD STUDENTS CHOOSE TO

START THEIR OWN bUSINESS

Compared to a prior study on Gen Y3, PwD students seem less eager to start their own business than their peers.

12.8%

PwD studentsGen Y


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MNC IS THE FIRST CHOICE

50.2% of participants take MNC as their first choice, 21.8% of participants prefer governmental authorities and institutions. The result matches that of a parallel survey report of 2009 college graduates employment, which stated 46.44% students prefer MNC and 26.78% students prefer governmental authorities and institutions.

50.2%

21.8%

18.7%

3.6%

3.6%

2.2%

MNC 4

Govn.

SOE 5

NGO 6

Others

POE 7


3 Gen Y: generation Y, commonly defined as those who were born during 1980 to 2000. The survey participants are also Gen Y, but with disability, in this article, Gen Y specially refers to PwD students’ peers.

4 MNC: Multi National Company5 SOE: State Owned Enterprise)6 NGO: Non-Government Organization7 POE: Private Owned Enterprise

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ENGLISH SKILL IS bELOW THE bAR

TEM4/8 9

4.0%

Didn't passCET4/629.0%

CET4/6 8

67.0%

93% of participants are at college level or higher, but only 71% (including those who passed CET-6 or TEM4/6) passed CET-4, which is a minimum requirement for college graduates. It implies that their average English skill is below the bar.


8 CET4/6: College English Test band4/69 TEM4/8: Test of English Major band4/8

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INTERNET IS A MAjOR jOb SEEKING CHANNEL

PwD students take internet as a major job seeking channel, just like Gen Y. Compared to Gen Y, PwD students reply more on job fairs, especially those PwD employment job fair. Referral channel is apparently effectively used by Gen Y than PwD students.

Internet

Job Fair

CDPF

Relatives/Friend referral

32.9%0.0%

Gen Y PwD students

91.90%

20.90%

40.5%76.0%

80.5%

84.9%


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Do you know there are special agencies dedicated to help PwD find jobs？

39.0% OF THEM DON’T KNOW THERE ARE SPECIAL AGENCIES TO HELP THEM FIND jObS

No39.0%

Yes61.0%


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Where do you prefer to work at？

MOST OF THEM PREFER bEIjING, SHANGHAI AND GUANGzHOU AS WORK LOCATION

80.4%

65.3%

47.1%

Beijing Shanghai Guangzhou


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76.9% OF THEM WANT A STEADY POSITION

What kind of position do you prefer？

13.3%

49.3%

27.6%Research job (R&D)

Administration and back office job(HR, financing,

accounting, PR, etc)

Frontline and challenging job(sales, marketing,

consulting, etc)


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Most of PwD students expect 2-4k per month, which is approximately 20-50k per year. While in average 70-100k is a starting salary offered by most MNC and large SOE.

How much salaries do you expected (monthly):

LOWER ExPECTED SALARY

1-2K 2-4K 4-8K 8K+

20.0%

52.0%

23.6%

4.4%


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Salary expectations are compared with a previous report of graduates’ actual salaries survey. As 1-2k represents the average actual salary of diploma graduates, those who have a bachelor degree averaged 2-4k, masters averaged 4-8k and PhD averaged 8k+. We analyzed the correlation between the salary expectancy level of PwD students and the actual salary of the same academic degree. The salary expectation of PhD graduates best match the actual figure in the job market. Some college level graduates seem expect lower than they actually made.

Comparison of Education Background and Expected Salary

Education Background

Expected Montnly Salary

7.1%

69.8%

4.4%18.7%

52.0%

20.0%23.6%

1-2KDiploma

2-4KBachelor

4-8KMaster

8K+PhD


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DIFFICULTIESAND

CHALLENGES

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MNC are preferred by most of the survey participants, while when they were asked what kind of difficulties may hiders them from getting into MNC, large portion of then mentioned low language skill and confidence.

Limited English skill

Lack of confidence

67.6%

64.4%

INSUFFICIENT ENGLISH SKILL AND LOW CONFIDENCE

What is the most difficulty for you to get an offer from MNC?

Difficulties and Challenges

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Some companies do not fullyappreciate the idea of

having PwD employee

Lack of recruitment information

83.1%

60.9%

83.1% of participants mentioned their concern is that some companies are reluctant to take PwD employees. Another major issue is they can’t get enough recruitment information, especially those with positions that are open to PwD.

NOT FULLY APPRECIATED bY EMPLOYERS AND LACK OF INFORMATION

In your opinion, what is the most challenge for PwD students to o find a job?


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Communication: 48.2%

English: 13.5%

Computer: 10.0%

Recruitment information

Career guidanceand planning

68.6%

56.5%

Professionaltraining 50.2%

FREqUENTLY MENTIONED HELP

What kind help do they need from government?


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Fully coveredmedical insurance

Flexible work time

57.8%

49.3%

Psychological counciland career guidance 49.3%

The top three needs signified the uniqueness of PwD, and could be taken by employers as good incentive factors.

What kind of help do you expected from your future employer?

Direct communication channelwith enterprises

Career guiding

84.4%

72.0%

PwD recruitment information 65.3%

Nothing could be more effective than a communicating platform that links the PwD students and enterprises directly. This need is mentioned by 84.4% of the survey participants.

What kind of help do you need to find a satisfied job?


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English skill training

Introduction of accessibilities

Communication skill training

77.8%

65.8%

Pursue higher education sponsoredby the company

Obtain new knowledge and technical skillsthrough job rotation

Take Face-to-Face in-house training64.9%

74.0%

72.2%

78.0%

PwD studentsGen Y

Which kind of learning and training opportunities do you want from your employer?

The training needs are quite different between PwD students and Gen Y. Career development and competency improvement are most valued by Gen Y. Meanwhile, PwD students have more pressing issues to attend to, like adapting themselves to accessibilities in workplace, and psychological issues caused by their physical disability.


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WHAT CAN WE DO ABOUT IT ?As the survey has revealed, PwD students are not that different from their unimpaired peers, but there are certainly some unique situations and challenges they need to attend to. This report only offers an insight of how PwD students visualize future and what changes can be made. The aiming point is to provide guidelines for all parties, whether it’s employer, employee, government facility or NGO, to promote high level PwD employment.

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OFFER TRAINING

PwD want no charity but to be equally treated. Teaching a man how to fishing is always better than simply give him the fish. Some English training programs could give them sufficient skills to meet the standard of foreign companies. Developing new teaching techniques and accessibilities could help a lot, essentially for those with hearing and language disabilities. PwD students tend to be less confident and more sensitive about communication and interpersonal skills. Coaching and consulting programs specifically made for PwD students may help them to improve.

PwD students showed an urgent need for career guiding and planning. Employers may provide valuable information for PwD students by representing the voice of market demand. Joint effort made by the CDPF and employers may benefit PwD students in a more effective way.

WHAT CAN WE DO AbOUT IT

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CASE STUDY

Exampled by a recent training program held by IBM GCG HR recruitment team and CDPF Shijingshan branch on April 2009 at Shijingshan District, where PwD students are lectured on how to self promote, how to enquire job information, how to construct a CV and prepare for an interview.

Lecture of “Marketing Yourself” launched by IBM to PwD in Shijingsha District


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REWARD EMPLOYERS AND SUPPORT PWD TO START THEIR OWN bUSINESS

Top preferred cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, are more capable of accommodating PwD students. If local government could be a vital role in PwD employment.


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April 2009, two acts were jointly launched by Beijing CDPF, Labor and Social Security Bureau , Civil Affairs Bureau and Finance Bureau to offer friendlier environment for PwD talents. They are Financial Rewarding Provisional Rules for Hiring PwD Employees and Provisional Rules for PwD Starting New Business, two acts intended to encourage PwD employment and entrepreneurship, respectively. This initiative effectively eased the PwD employment pressure under the global economic recession.

CASE STUDY

Press conference of Policy to promote Beijing PwD stable employment


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bUILD UP A COMMUNICATION CHANNEL FOR EMPLOYERS AND PWD STUDENTSNothing could be more effective than a communication channel that links the two parties directly. It has been a long term goal for both CDPF and IBM to build such an information exchange mechanism between employers and PwD students.


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09 Blue Pathway Campus Talk IBM Excellent PwD Student Scholarship Award Ceremony

IBM has set up two annual programs that focalized on PwD students. One is IBM Excellent PwD Student Scholarship, which offers financial support to PwD top students. The other one is Blue Pathway Summer Internship Program. Extra resources and intern experiences means the beneficiaries may have a better chance to pursue high level employment. In 2009, IBM has set up another funding to offer more internship opportunities to PwD students. In this case what the company earned is not merely reputations, but also a collection of real valuable potential employees.

CASE STUDY


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UINITE AND IMPROVE PWD HIGHER EMPLOYMENTEven if we are socially ready to offer equally opportunities to PwD, there are still questions like how to make it happen. There are a lot of modes to be discussed. Some employers (like Hi-Tech companies) are more than willing to recruit PwD students while facing a situation of lack of a qualified PwD candidate pipeline. Cooperation between employer and college is a potential way to solve this puzzle. Like employers provide the required skill and knowledge for PwD candidates and CDPF, or other authoritative NGO and college would help to work out a training program specially to fulfill the job requirement of positions open to PwD students.Education may have given PwD more options. But it still requires a mature social mechanism to make PwD high level employment actually happens.


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CDPF leaders visit IBM Innovation Center BJ and CDPF leader join round table communication with IBM PwD employee.

IBM and CDPF have keep a good cooperation for a long time. They co-sponsored a various initiative to promote PwD employment. Such as China Information Accessibility Forum, Activity of One Hundred Thousands of Blind People Learn Computer Skill, Barrier-free education", etc.

CASE STUDY


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本调研反映了当今高校残疾学生的现状，需求和亟待解决的问题。另一方

面，企业雇佣残疾人存在哪些困难和顾虑，目前的招聘和雇佣模式是怎样

的？需要哪方面的政策支持？针对这个问题，请关注我们后续的调查报

告。这个系列的调查报告将为残疾大学生和企业以及残联搭建一个沟通

的桥梁，找到残疾大学生和企业需求之间的差距，为残疾大学生就业开拓

新的局面。

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ABOUT THIS SURVEY

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ObjECTIVES AND METHODS

OBJECTIVES• Acquire reliable information for further reference on PwD

students’ education, career training, recruitment and career progress.

• The survey serves as an action correspond to prior letter of intentions signed on November 2007 by the two parties, namely the employment guiding center of CDPF and IBM. It is also a materialization of IBM’s supportive effort on China PWD affairs.

METHODS225 Participants from 58 colleges and universities were invited to fill an online questionnaire.

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PROFILE OF PARTICIPANTS

Female33.8%

Male66.2%

GENDER HANDICAP TYPES

Mute0.9%

Vision12.5%

Hearing11.6%

Mental0.4%

Physical74.6%

Others18.0%

Business25.0%

BasicSubject

6.0%

ITrelated33.0%

Humanities18.0%

MAjOREDUCATION BACkGROUND

Diploma7.1%PhD

4.4%

Master18.7%

Bachelor69.8%

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FOR FURTHER INFORMATION

Furong Yang(CDPF)

Employment Service Center

[email protected]

010-68025652

Dan Wang (IBM)

GCG Diversity Recruitment

[email protected]

010-63618823

ACkNOWLEDGEMENTS

We would like to thank all the 225 PwD students’ participation of this

survey, and Chinahr.com’s facilitating to make it happen. In particular,

we appreciated the support from the faculty members of 58 colleges

and universities.

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