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Children Count - SASPEN...1 Winnie Sambu 10 June 2015 Social Indices in the SADC context Chaminuka...
Transcript of Children Count - SASPEN...1 Winnie Sambu 10 June 2015 Social Indices in the SADC context Chaminuka...
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1
Winnie Sambu
10 June 2015
Social Indices in the SADC context
Chaminuka Lodge
Lusaka, Zambia
Children Count Monitoring Child Centred Indicators
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Children Count
An ongoing data and advocacy project of the Children’s Institute
Monitors the wellbeing of children in South Africa
A rights based framework• International laws
• South African Constitution
Over 40 indicators monitored on an annual basis
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Why this is necessary?
Need to understand the demography of children• How many children?
• Where do they live?
• Who do they live with?
To establish needs• Children living without adequate water and sanitation
Monitor progress in the realisation of children’s rights
Provide information to• Government - evaluate programs & policies
• Civil Society
• General public
For advocacy purposes
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Child centred indicators
Using data about children
Analysing national population or household data at the level of a child
Child centred statistics give a different picture
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Poverty (Household vs child)
54%
43%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Children Households
Poverty (Household vs child)
Lower poverty line (R631 in 2013)
Source: Statistics South Africa (2004; 2014) General Household Survey 2003; General Household Survey 2013. Pretoria: Stats SA. Analysis by Katharine Hall & Winnie Sambu, Children’s Institute, UCT.
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Children Count domains
Demography
Income & Social grants
Housing & Services
Education
HIV & Health
Nutrition
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Indicators
Housing & Services
Access to adequate housing
Overcrowding
Urban – rural distribution
Access to adequate water and sanitation
Access to electricity
Disaggregation
ProvinceAge group
GenderRace
Income Quintiles
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Selecting indicators
Indicators linked to rights framework
Indicators informed by norms and standards
Consultative process
Data quality & availability
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Data sources
Use of survey and administrative data
Main survey - General Household Survey
Selecting data source
• Data must allow for child centred analysis
• Coverage – nationally representative
• Allow for disaggregation (eg. province)
• Data must be collected regularly
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What is happening with the wellbeing of children?
25% of children in South Africa are stunted
Children in rural areas worse off – eg. child hunger in rural areas is 17% compared to 12% in urban areas
25%
5%9%
44%
14%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Stunting Wasting Underweight Vitamin Adeficiency
Child hunger
Source: Hall K, Sambu W and Berry L (2014) Early Childhood Development: A statistical brief. Cape Town: Children’s Institute, University of Cape Town and Ilifa Labantwana.
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StuntingPoor Socio-economic
conditions
Food Insecurity
Prolonged disease
UNICEF Conceptual Framework (1990)
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Socio-economic conditions
55% of children live in poverty
Poverty levels reducing – as a result of massive expansion of the CSG
However, 64% of children live in poorest 40% of households
Disparities across provinces
73%
55%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
2003 2013
Children under 6 years living in poverty
Source: Statistics South Africa (2004; 2014) General Household Survey 2003; General Household Survey 2013. Pretoria: Stats SA. Analysis by Katharine Hall & Winnie Sambu, Children’s Institute, UCT.
11 Millionchildren on
CSG
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78%
69%
63% 45%
75%
63%
80%
63%
40%
Children under 6 living in poorest 40% of households
Source: Statistics South Africa (2004; 2014) General Household Survey 2003; General Household Survey 2013. Pretoria: Stats SA. Analysis by Katharine Hall & Winnie Sambu, Children’s Institute, UCT.
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Living Conditions
73% of children under the age of 6 years live in formal housing
22% of children under 6 years live in overcrowded conditions
73%
13%
14%
Children under 6 years living in formal, informal and traditional housing
Formal Informal Traditional
Source: Statistics South Africa (2004; 2014) General Household Survey 2003; General Household Survey 2013. Pretoria: Stats SA. Analysis by Katharine Hall & Winnie Sambu, Children’s Institute, UCT.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
formal informal traditional
Children under 6 living in overcrowded conditions
P=0.000
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Access to adequate services
2 million children aged <6 live in households with no access to adequate water
1.8 million children aged <6 live in households with no access to adequate sanitation
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Sanitation Water
Children under 6 years living with inadequate water and sanitation
Source: Statistics South Africa (2004; 2014) General Household Survey 2003; General Household Survey 2013. Pretoria: Stats SA. Analysis by Katharine Hall & Winnie Sambu, Children’s Institute, UCT.
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Maternal & child care
Indicator SA Eastern Cape
Free State
Gauteng Kwa-Zulu Natal
Limpopo Mpuma-langa
North West
Northern Cape
Western Cape
Data year
Source
Vitamin A deficiency in women (16-35 yrs) % reproductive age women below the WHO standard
13% 9% 8% 18% 16% * * 9% * 7% 2012 SANHANES-1 (2012)
Anaemia in women (16-35 years)% reproductive age women below the WHO standard
23% 20% 18% 19% 36% * 30% 17% * 16% 2012 SANHANES-1 (2012)
Low birth weight % infants born with weight below 2500g
14% 14% 14% 15% 13% 11% 12% 13% 18% 16% 2012DHIS
(2012/13)
Vitamin A coverage in children (12 - 59 months)
43% 44% 50% 46% 44% 40% 40% 36% 36% 39% 2012DHIS
(2012/13)
Source : Hall K, Sambu W and Berry L (2014) Early Childhood Development: A statistical brief. Cape Town: Children’s Institute, University of Cape Town and Ilifa Labantwana.
* Too few observations to record reliably
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Technical issues
Data availability & quality
• Surveys not carried out regularly
• Only national estimates available in some cases
Questions on residual data
Questions on what to measure – progress or needs?
Question changes over the years and sensitivity tests
Use of confidence intervals
Use of technical notes
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Dissemination
Published on website www.childrencount.ci.org
Published in South African Child Gauge
Policy & Statistical Briefs
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Children Count Website
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