Chemical bonds that result from the electrical attraction between large numbers of cations and...
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Transcript of Chemical bonds that result from the electrical attraction between large numbers of cations and...
Chemical bonds that result from the electrical attraction between large numbers of cations and anions
Cation – ?
Anion – ?
Ionic bonds – REVIEW
Ionic bonds most commonly form between …?
REVIEW
Ionic bonds are made up of charged pieces (ions) … Ions can be made up of single atoms or groups of atoms bonded together (polyatomic ions)
Binary ionic compound – ionic compound consisting of only 2 elements (monatomic ions)
Naming:
Name the cation and add an ide ending to the anion
Examples:
sodium and chlorine form…
sodium chloride
magnesium and oxygen form…
magnesium oxide
What’s a binary ionic compound?
Binary ionic compound – ionic compound consisting of only 2 elements (monatomic ions)
Bromine bonds with sodium
Cesium bonds with oxygen
Silver bonds with fluorine
Sodium bromide
Cesium oxide
Silver fluoride
What type of compounds have we learned to name?
How do you identify this type of compound?
chlorine bonds with lithium
magnesium bonds with sulfur
aluminum bonds with oxygen
Lithium bromide
Magnesium sulfide
Aluminum oxide
Problem… names do not directly indicate ratio of ions…
Answer… empirical formula
Li2O NaCl MgF2
Determining formulas – Crisscross method
Determining formulas – Crisscross method
1. determine charges
2. Take away the +/- and crisscross them to determine subscripts
Determine the empirical formula for an ionic compound containing…
potassium and fluorine
calcium and fluorine
cesium and sulfur
aluminum and oxygen
Name the compounds formed when the following elements bond:
1.Calcium and fluorine
2.Chlorine and strontium
3.Silver and oxygen
Write the formulas for the following compounds:
1.Lithium bromide
2.Barium chloride
3.Sodium oxide
Throwing in the transition metals:
Use roman numerals if more than one charge is possible
Roman numeral = charge, if none use sheet, then same as binary ionic compounds
NAMING:
FORMULAS:
The weird guys…
Throwing in the transition metals:
FeO
Au2S
CuF2
PbS
SbF3
NAMING:Work backwards - the overall charge in a compound must be 0
Throwing in the transition metals:
Lead II oxide
Silver bromide
Ferric Chloride
Formulas:
Throwing in the transition metals:
FeO
Au2S
CuF2
PbS
SbF3
NAMING:Work backwards - the overall charge in a compound must be 0
Throwing in the transition metals:
Lead II oxide
Silver bromide
Ferric Chloride
Formulas:
silver chloride
iron III oxide
copper II sulfide
Formulas:
NiF2
Au2O3
Cu2S
NAMING:
cadmium chloride
potassium oxide
Formulas:
Ni2O3
BaF2
NAMING:
Binary ionic compound – ionic compound consisting of only 2 elements (monatomic ions)
Binary Compound – A compound with 2 elements
more than 2 atoms = OK (CaF2)
more than 2 elements NOT ok (NaCrO4)
Throwing in polyatomic ions:
If formula has more than 2 eles.
Names do not change (no ide-ending)!
a non-ide ending should clue
you in (memorize hydroxide + CN-1)
more than one ion = parenthesis
NAMING:
FORMULAS:
Check:
Is the compound binary?
Does it contain a transition metal?
If yes, use your ion sheet!!!
Throwing in polyatomic ions:
MgSO4
(NH4)2S
NaOH
CrSO3
Zn3(PO4)2
NAMING:
Throwing in polyatomic ions:
Calcium Sulfate
Lithium Cyanide
Magnesium Hydroxide
Potassium Clorate
FORMULAS:
potassium hydroxide
Iron III carbonate
Formulas:
SnO2
Co(NO3)2
NAMING:
Day 3 3-7
calcium nitrate
silver carbonate
Formulas:
Li2SO3
Cu(OH)2
NAMING:
sodium nitrite
nickel III oxide
magnesium chlorite
Formulas:
Pb(CO3)2NAMING:
Iron III sulfiteFormulas:
Co2(CO3)3NAMING:
Copper II nitriteFormulas:
Zn3(PO3)2NAMING:
Tin IV sulfiteFormulas:
CoPO4NAMING:
1. Explain how you would
determine the name for Pb(CO3)2.
DETAILED EXPLANATION! What is the name?
1. Is a compound of C bonded to H an ionic compound? WHY or WHY NOT?2. Name me: +2 ion of Copper and a bromine ion combine3. Write the formula for the ionic compound in # 2
1.Write the formulas for the following:Cuprous Sulfide
Ferric Carbonate
Ammonium Nitrite2.Write the names for the
following:K3BO3
Co(NO2)3
Ag3PO4
Using Lewis dots to represent bonds (Lewis dots for compounds):
Na Cl
Na ClShared electrons (bonds) are represented with a line
Naming:
Acids are named for their anions
Binary: hydro – anion base – ic ending – the word “acid”
Acid - Compound that yields H+ ions (always starts with an H) – molecular compounds that act like ionics
Naming:
Acids are named for their anions
Binary: hydro – anion base – ic ending – the word “acid”
Non-binary: ate ending becomes ic, ite ending becomes ous
Examples:HF HBr HNO3 HNO2
Naming:
Acids are named for their anions
Binary: hydro – anion base – ic ending – the word “acid”
Non-binary: ate ending becomes ic, ite ending becomes ous
Examples:Hydrochloric acid
Sulfurous acid
HCl = hydrochloric acid
HNO3 = nitric acid
HC2H3O2 = acetic acid
H2SO4 = sulfuric acid
H3PO4 = phosphoric acid
Binary Molecular CompoundsBased on Prefixes
1. Less electronegative first – prefix only if more than one atom
2. Second element – prefix, root of name, ending ide (if only two elements)
3.o or a @ the end of prefix is dropped if name begins with a vowel (monooxide, monoxide)
PAGE 281
Mono 1
Di 2
Tri 3
Tetra 4
Penta 5
Hexa 6
Hepta 7
Octa 8
Nona 9
Deca 10
Binary Molecular
Compounds – prefix system
Write the Name:N2O5
SbF3
Dinitrogen pentoxide
Antimony trifluoride
Binary Molecular Compounds
Write the Formula:
Germanium tetraiodide
diphosphorous trioxide
GeI4
P2O3
Binary Molecular Compounds
Write the Name:As2O5
ICl3
diarsenic pentoxide
iodine trichloride
Write the Formula:
carbon tetraiodide
dinitrogen trioxide
CI4
N2O3
Electrolyte – anything that conducts electricity when melted or dissolved in water