usually composed oppositely charged metallic cations and nonmetallic anions that form ionic bonds

+ cations

- anions

Na “gives” Cl one electron and now both atoms have a full valence shell (electron configuration of a noble gas)

Na 1+ + F 1- NaF

shows the kinds and numbers of atoms in the lowest whole-number ratio of ions in the ionic compoundNa 1+ + Cl 1- NaClCa 2+ + 2(Cl 1- ) CaCl2Mg 2+ + O 2- MgO

Mg and N? it takes two

nitrogens to combine with three magnesiumsMg3N2

magnesium nitride

form crystal lattices at room temperature (repeating three dimensional patterns)

the coordination numberof a ion is the # of ions that surround an ion withthe opposite charge

high melting points can conduct electric currents when

melted or dissolved in water will shatter if impacted or crushed

http://www.seas.upenn.edu/~chem101/sschem/bravais.gif

http://www.tufts.edu/as/engdept/resources/Prof_Pages/images/crystals.jpg

valence electrons are like a “sea of electrons that can drift freelybonds result from the attraction between

these electrons and the positively charged metal ions

Therefore metals have the following characteristics….

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mixtures composed of two or more elements (at least one is a metal)

properties superior to those of their component elements

-stronger / harder-more lustrous-more conductive-more resistant to corrosion

Sterling Silver ------

Cast Iron -----------

Stainless Steel ----

Bronze -------------

Ag (92.5%) Cu (7.5 %)

Fe (96%) and C (4%)

Fe (80.6 %), Cr (18%), C (0.4%), Ni (1%)Cu (86%) and Sn (14%)