Chem Witch
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Transcript of Chem Witch
You guys are going to learn about chemistry today! Chemistry is basically just magic explained and is responsible
for the ridiculously long looks Brad and I gave each other in that janky old house
in my movie. Oh, and the part where my friend, Paulie, rapped with that weird
dude. TOP THAT!
Chemical Foundations of BiologyChemicals are used
by animals for an array of reasons
Ex: Fig 2.1 Bombardier Beetle uses a boiling hot spray from glands in its abdomen as protection
Elements and Compounds Matter: Anything that takes up space and has massElement: Substance that cannot be broken down into
other substances by chemical reactions (92 total)Compounds: 2 or more elements combined by
chemical bonds
Isotopes Atoms with the same
number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons
Radioactive isotopeNucleus decays
spontaneouslyUsed in biology to
date fossils, to follow atoms through the metabolism, used as tracers
Chemical BondsCovalent Bonds
Sharing of valence electrons by 2 atoms
Ex: Oxygen gas, Nitrogen gas
Polar Covalent BondsOne atom is slightly
more electronegative than the other so the molecule is slightly polar
Ex: Water (Fig 2.12)
Ionic BondsElectron is stripped
away from the partner by the more electronegative atom
Compounds formed by ionic bonds are called salts
Ex: NaCl Sodium Chloride (Fig 2.14)
Cation-Positive chargeAnion-Negative
Charge
Weak Chemical Bonds Hydrogen Bond (Fig 2.14)
Forms when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one electronegative atom is also attracted to another electronegative atom
Van der Waals Occur when atoms and
molecules are very close together (atoms stick to one another)
Ex: Geckos walking up a wall surface