Characteristics of Fluid Flows Chapter 2 Henderson, Perry and Young BAE 2023 Physical Properties1 Laminar and Turbulent Flow Laminar: fluid flows in parallel elements, velocity remains constant but not always the same as the adjacent element Turbulent: fluid moves in elemental swirls or eddiesvelocity and direction of each element change with time BAE 2023 Physical Properties2 Figure 2.2 BAE 2023 Physical Properties3 Velocity is highest at the center At surface velocity is zero Reynolds found 4 factors affecting velocity D V and so (pipe dia., average V, density and dynamic viscosity of fluid) Re = D V / Re< 2130.laminar Re>4000.turbulent 2130